sudden danger
The term "sudden danger" refers to unexpected threats or calamities that can cause panic or distress. The Hebrew word "pachad" is often associated with terror or dread that comes without warning. In ancient times, sudden dangers could include invasions, natural disasters, or personal crises. The wisdom literature of the Bible, including Proverbs, frequently addresses the unpredictability of life and the importance of being spiritually prepared. This phrase encourages believers to maintain a steadfast faith, knowing that God is in control even when life seems chaotic.

or the ruin
"Ruin" in this context refers to destruction or disaster. The Hebrew word "shoah" can denote a desolation or a catastrophic event. This term is often used in the Old Testament to describe the consequences of sin or divine judgment. The historical context of Proverbs includes the understanding that moral and spiritual decay leads to ruin. For the believer, this serves as a cautionary reminder of the consequences of turning away from God's wisdom and a call to live righteously to avoid such ruin.

that overtakes
The phrase "that overtakes" suggests an inevitable or unavoidable occurrence. The Hebrew root "bo" implies coming upon or arriving. In the biblical narrative, this often describes the certainty of divine justice or the natural consequences of one's actions. The imagery here is of something that catches up with a person, much like a pursuer. This serves as a reminder that while the wicked may seem to prosper temporarily, their actions will ultimately lead to their downfall.

the wicked
"The wicked" refers to those who live in opposition to God's laws and principles. The Hebrew word "rasha" is used to describe individuals who are morally wrong or guilty. Throughout Proverbs, the wicked are contrasted with the righteous, highlighting the consequences of living a life apart from God's wisdom. Historically, the wicked were often those who oppressed others, engaged in idolatry, or rejected God's commandments. This phrase serves as a warning to avoid the path of wickedness and an assurance that God will ultimately bring justice.

(1) as the desolation made by the violence of the wicked, the desolation or strum which they raise against the righteous (so the LXX., Vulgate, Mariana, Michaelis, Hitzig, and others); or

(2) the desolation which overtakes the wicked, the desolating vengeance executed upon them (so Doderlein, Lapide, Stuart, Muensch., Delitzsch, Wardlaw). The latter is probably the right interpretation, and agrees with the threatening language of Wisdom against her despisers, in Proverbs 1:27, where shdath also occurs. Iu the desolation which shall overwhelm the wicked he who has made Wisdom his guide shall be undismayed, for the Lord is his confidence. The passage was probably suggested by Proverbs 5:21, "Neither shalt thou be afraid of desolation when it cometh." Lee, in loc. cit., says the places are almost innumerable where this sentiment occurs. Compare the fearlessness of the man of integrity and justice, in Horace -

"Si fractus illabatur orbis,
Impavidum ferient ruinae."

(Horace, 'Od.,' 3:3, 7, 8.) . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...