Judges 14:18
New International Version
Before sunset on the seventh day the men of the town said to him, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” Samson said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle.”

New Living Translation
So before sunset of the seventh day, the men of the town came to Samson with their answer: “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” Samson replied, “If you hadn’t plowed with my heifer, you wouldn’t have solved my riddle!”

English Standard Version
And the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have found out my riddle.”

Berean Standard Bible
Before sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” So he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!”

King James Bible
And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.

New King James Version
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have solved my riddle!”

New American Standard Bible
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have found out my riddle.”

NASB 1995
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have found out my riddle.”

NASB 1977
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?”And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have found out my riddle.”

Legacy Standard Bible
So the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have found out my riddle.”

Amplified Bible
So the men of the city said to Samson on the seventh day before sundown, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, You would not have solved my riddle.”

Christian Standard Bible
On the seventh day, before sunset, the men of the city said to him: What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion? So he said to them: If you hadn’t plowed with my young cow, you wouldn’t know my riddle now!

Holman Christian Standard Bible
On the seventh day, before sunset, the men of the city said to him: What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion? So he said to them: If you hadn’t plowed with my young cow, you wouldn’t know my riddle now!

American Standard Version
And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, Ye had not found out my riddle.

Contemporary English Version
Before sunset that day, the men of the town went to Samson with this answer: A lion is the strongest--honey is the sweetest! Samson replied, This answer you have given me doubtless came from my bride-to-be.

English Revised Version
And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
So before sundown on the seventh day, the men of the city said to him, "What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?" Samson replied, "If you hadn't used my cow to plow, you wouldn't know my riddle now."

Good News Translation
So on the seventh day, before Samson went into the bedroom, the men of the city said to him, "What could be sweeter than honey? What could be stronger than a lion?" Samson replied, "If you hadn't been plowing with my cow, You wouldn't know the answer now."

International Standard Version
Then the men of the city answered him just before sunset on the seventh day: "What's sweeter than honey? What's stronger than lions?" Samson responded, "If you hadn't plowed with my heifer you wouldn't have solved my riddle."

Majority Standard Bible
Before sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” So he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!”

NET Bible
On the seventh day, before the sun set, the men of the city said to him, "What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?" He said to them, "If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!"

New Heart English Bible
The men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, "What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?" He said to them, "If you hadn't plowed with my heifer, you wouldn't have found out my riddle."

Webster's Bible Translation
And the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said to them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.

World English Bible
The men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” He said to them, “If you hadn’t plowed with my heifer, you wouldn’t have found out my riddle.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the men of the city say to him on the seventh day, before the sun goes in: “What [is] sweeter than honey? And what [is] stronger than a lion?” And he says to them: “Unless you had plowed with my heifer, "" You had not found out my riddle.”

Young's Literal Translation
And the men of the city say to him on the seventh day, before the sun goeth in: -- 'What is sweeter than honey? And what stronger than a lion?' And he saith to them: 'Unless ye had ploughed with my heifer, Ye had not found out my riddle.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And the men of the city will say to him in the seventh day before the sun will go down, What is sweet above honey? and what is strong above the lion? and he will say to them, Unless ye ploughed with my heifer ye found not out my enigma.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And they on the seventh day before the sun went down said to him: What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said to them: If you had not ploughed with my heifer, you had not found out my riddle.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And they, on the seventh day, before the sun declined, said to him: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have uncovered my proposition.”

New American Bible
On the seventh day, before the sun set, the men of the city said to him, “What is sweeter than honey, what is stronger than a lion?” He replied to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle.”

New Revised Standard Version
The men of the town said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, “What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion?” And he said to them, “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have found out my riddle.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the banquet, What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion? And Samson said to them, If you had not enticed my heifer, you would not have interpreted my riddle.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the men of the city were saying on the seventh day, before he would enter the banquet: “What is sweeter than honey, or what is that stronger than a lion?” Samson said to them, “If you had not allured my heifer, you would not have interpreted my riddle”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down: What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, Ye had not found out my riddle.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the men of the city said to him on the seventh day, before sunrise, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? and Sampson said to them, If ye had not ploughed with my heifer, ye would not have known my riddle.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Samson's Riddle
17She wept the whole seven days of the feast, and finally on the seventh day, because she had pressed him so much, he told her the answer. And in turn she explained the riddle to her people. 18Before sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” So he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!” 19Then the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, killed thirty of their men, took their apparel, and gave their clothes to those who had solved the riddle. And burning with anger, Samson returned to his father’s house,…

Cross References
Proverbs 1:17
How futile it is to spread the net where any bird can see it!

Proverbs 6:26
For the levy of the prostitute is poverty, and the adulteress preys upon your very life.

Proverbs 7:10-21
Then a woman came out to meet him, with the attire of a harlot and cunning of heart. / She is loud and defiant; her feet do not remain at home. / Now in the street, now in the squares, she lurks at every corner. ...

Proverbs 9:13-18
The woman named Folly is loud; she is naive and knows nothing. / She sits at the door of her house, on a seat in the heights of the city, / calling out to those who pass by, who make their paths straight. ...

Proverbs 11:22
Like a gold ring in a pig’s snout is a beautiful woman who lacks discretion.

Proverbs 30:18-19
There are three things too wonderful for me, four that I cannot understand: / the way of an eagle in the sky, the way of a snake on a rock, the way of a ship at sea, and the way of a man with a maiden.

Isaiah 5:20
Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who turn darkness to light and light to darkness, who replace bitter with sweet and sweet with bitter.

Isaiah 29:15
Woe to those who dig deep to hide their plans from the LORD. In darkness they do their works and say, “Who sees us, and who will know?”

Jeremiah 4:22
“For My people are fools; they have not known Me. They are foolish children, without understanding. They are skilled in doing evil, but they know not how to do good.”

Jeremiah 9:23-24
This is what the LORD says: “Let not the wise man boast in his wisdom, nor the strong man in his strength, nor the wealthy man in his riches. / But let him who boasts boast in this, that he understands and knows Me, that I am the LORD, who exercises loving devotion, justice and righteousness on the earth—for I delight in these things,” declares the LORD.

Matthew 12:39
Jesus replied, “A wicked and adulterous generation demands a sign, but none will be given it except the sign of the prophet Jonah.

Matthew 16:1-4
Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came and tested Jesus by asking Him to show them a sign from heaven. / But He replied, “When evening comes, you say, ‘The weather will be fair, for the sky is red,’ / and in the morning, ‘Today it will be stormy, for the sky is red and overcast.’ You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but not the signs of the times. ...

Mark 8:11-12
Then the Pharisees came and began to argue with Jesus, testing Him by demanding from Him a sign from heaven. / Jesus sighed deeply in His spirit and said, “Why does this generation demand a sign? Truly I tell you, no sign will be given to this generation.”

Luke 11:29-32
As the crowds were increasing, Jesus said, “This is a wicked generation. It demands a sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah. / For as Jonah was a sign to the Ninevites, so the Son of Man will be a sign to this generation. / The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here. ...

1 Corinthians 1:18-25
For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. / For it is written: “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise; the intelligence of the intelligent I will frustrate.” / Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? ...


Treasury of Scripture

And the men of the city said to him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion? and he said to them, If you had not plowed with my heifer, you had not found out my riddle.

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Judges 14
1. Samson desires a wife of the Philistines.
6. In his journey he kills a lion
8. In a second journey he finds honey in the carcass
10. Samson's marriage feast
12. His riddle by his wife is made known
19. He strikes down thirty Philistines
20. His wife is married to another.














Before sunset on the seventh day
This phrase indicates the urgency and the time constraint under which the men of the city were operating. The seventh day is significant in biblical terms, often representing completion or perfection, as seen in the creation narrative in Genesis. The timing "before sunset" suggests a last-minute revelation, emphasizing the tension and drama of the moment. In the Hebrew context, days are marked from sunset to sunset, highlighting the cultural understanding of time.

the men of the city
These were the Philistines, the inhabitants of Timnah, where Samson had gone to marry a Philistine woman. Historically, the Philistines were one of the Sea Peoples who settled in the coastal regions of Canaan. They were often in conflict with the Israelites, and this interaction with Samson is one of many instances of tension between the two groups. The "men of the city" represent the collective opposition to Samson, a judge of Israel.

said to him
This phrase indicates direct communication and confrontation. The men of the city are addressing Samson, showing their confidence in having solved his riddle. In the narrative, this moment is pivotal as it reveals the betrayal and manipulation that Samson experiences, setting the stage for his subsequent actions.

What is sweeter than honey?
Honey in the ancient Near East was a symbol of abundance and delight. It was one of the few sweeteners available and is often used metaphorically in Scripture to describe the richness of God's word (Psalm 19:10). The rhetorical question posed by the Philistines is a direct reference to the riddle Samson had given them, which involved the sweetness of honey found in the carcass of a lion.

And what is stronger than a lion?
The lion is a symbol of strength and power throughout the Bible. In the context of Samson's riddle, it refers to the lion he had killed with his bare hands, an act that demonstrated his God-given strength. The Philistines' use of this phrase shows their understanding of the riddle's answer, but also their recognition of Samson's formidable strength, which they had to undermine through deceit.

And he said to them
Samson's response is direct and accusatory. This phrase sets up his retort, which reveals his awareness of their treachery. It is a moment of realization and confrontation, where Samson acknowledges the betrayal by his wife and the men of the city.

If you had not plowed with my heifer
This metaphorical expression is rich in cultural and agricultural imagery. In ancient times, a heifer was a young cow that had not been yoked for plowing, symbolizing innocence and purity. Samson's use of this phrase implies that the Philistines had used his wife to extract the answer to the riddle, violating the trust and sanctity of his marriage. The imagery of "plowing" suggests manipulation and exploitation.

you would not have solved my riddle
The riddle was a test of wit and strength, and Samson's statement underscores the unfair advantage the Philistines gained through deceit. In the broader biblical narrative, this moment foreshadows the ongoing conflict between Samson and the Philistines, highlighting themes of betrayal, strength, and divine justice. Samson's acknowledgment of their deceit sets the stage for his subsequent actions, driven by a sense of personal and divine retribution.

(18) What is sweeter than honey?--Their answer is given in the same rhythmical form as the riddle itself.

If ye had not plowed with my heifer.--Many commentators, following Rabbi Levi Ben Gershom, read in this proverbial phrase an implication that Samson suspected his wife of adultery; but there is no sufficient reason for this view.

Verse 18. - The men of the city - the same as were spoken of in ver. 11 as Samson's companions. Before the sun went down - just in time, therefore, to save the wager, as defined in ver. 12. This is the uncommon word for the sun used also in Judges 8:13, where see note. What is sweeter, etc. They put their answer in a form to make it seem as if they had guessed the riddle; but Samson instantly perceived his wife's treachery, and showed that he did so by quoting the proverb of plowing with another person s heifer. They had not used their own wit to find out the riddle, but had learnt the secret at Samson's cost, through his wife. He insinuates that had they acted fairly he would have won the wager.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Before
בְּטֶ֙רֶם֙ (bə·ṭe·rem)
Preposition-b | Adverb
Strong's 2962: Non-occurrence, not yet, before

sunset
יָבֹ֣א (yā·ḇō)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

on the seventh
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י (haš·šə·ḇî·‘î)
Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 7637: Seventh (an ordinal number)

day,
בַּיּ֣וֹם (bay·yō·wm)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3117: A day

the men
אַנְשֵׁ֨י (’an·šê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

of the city
הָעִ֜יר (hā·‘îr)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5892: Excitement

said
וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ (way·yō·mə·rū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 559: To utter, say

to [Samson]:
לוֹ֩ (lōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

“What
מַה־ (mah-)
Interrogative
Strong's 4100: What?, what!, indefinitely what

is sweeter
מָּת֣וֹק (mā·ṯō·wq)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 4966: Sweet, sweetness

than honey?
מִדְּבַ֔שׁ (mid·də·ḇaš)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1706: Honey, syrup

And what [is]
וּמֶ֥ה (ū·meh)
Conjunctive waw | Interrogative
Strong's 4100: What?, what!, indefinitely what

stronger
עַ֖ז (‘az)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 5794: Strong, vehement, harsh

than a lion?”
מֵאֲרִ֑י (mê·’ă·rî)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 738: A lion

So he said to them:
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“If you had not
לוּלֵא֙ (lū·lê)
Conjunction
Strong's 3884: If not, unless

plowed
חֲרַשְׁתֶּ֣ם (ḥă·raš·tem)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 2790: To cut in, engrave, plow, devise

with my heifer,
בְּעֶגְלָתִ֔י (bə·‘eḡ·lā·ṯî)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5697: A, calf, one nearly grown

you would not
לֹ֥א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

have solved
מְצָאתֶ֖ם (mə·ṣā·ṯem)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 4672: To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present

my riddle!”
חִידָתִֽי׃ (ḥî·ḏā·ṯî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 2420: A riddle, an enigmatic, perplexing saying or question


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OT History: Judges 14:18 The men of the city said (Jd Judg. Jdg)
Judges 14:17
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