Joshua 10:33
New International Version
Meanwhile, Horam king of Gezer had come up to help Lachish, but Joshua defeated him and his army—until no survivors were left.

New Living Translation
During the attack on Lachish, King Horam of Gezer arrived with his army to help defend the town. But Joshua’s men killed him and his army, leaving no survivors.

English Standard Version
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish. And Joshua struck him and his people, until he left none remaining.

Berean Standard Bible
At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors.

King James Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

New King James Version
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua struck him and his people, until he left him none remaining.

New American Standard Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish, and Joshua defeated him and his people until he had left him no survivor.

NASB 1995
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish, and Joshua defeated him and his people until he had left him no survivor.

NASB 1977
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish, and Joshua defeated him and his people until he had left him no survivor.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish, and Joshua struck him and his people down until there was no survivor remaining for him.

Amplified Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer went up to help Lachish, and Joshua struck him and his people down until he had left him no survivor.

Christian Standard Bible
At that time King Horam of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors in it.

American Standard Version
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

Contemporary English Version
King Horam of Gezer arrived to help Lachish, but Joshua and his troops attacked and destroyed him and his army.

English Revised Version
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
At that time King Horam of Gezer had come to help Lachish. But Joshua killed him and his troops. There were no survivors.

Good News Translation
King Horam of Gezer came to the aid of Lachish, but Joshua defeated him and his army and left none of them alive.

International Standard Version
Then Horam king of Gezer appeared to help Lachish. So Joshua attacked him and his army, until he left no one remaining.

Majority Standard Bible
At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors.

NET Bible
Then King Horam of Gezer came up to help Lachish, but Joshua struck down him and his army until no survivors remained.

New Heart English Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua struck him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

World English Bible
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua struck him and his people, until he had left him no one remaining.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Then Horam king of Gezer has come up to help Lachish, and Joshua strikes him and his people, until he has not left a remnant to him.

Young's Literal Translation
Than hath Horam king of Gezer come up to help Lachish, and Joshua smiteth him and his people, till he hath not left to him a remnant.

Smith's Literal Translation
Then Horam, king of Gezer, came up to help Lachish; and Joshua will smite him and his people till none was left to him escaping.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
At that time Horam king of Gazer, came up to succour Lachis: and Josue slew him with all his people, so as to leave none alive.

Catholic Public Domain Version
At that time, Horam, the king of Gezer, went up so that he might assist Lachish. And Joshua struck him with all his people, even unto utter annihilation.

New American Bible
At that time Horam, king of Gezer, came up to help Lachish, but Joshua defeated him and his people, leaving him no survivors.

New Revised Standard Version
Then King Horam of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua struck him and his people, leaving him no survivors.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Harmon the king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people with the edge of the sword until he had left him none remaining.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Then Hermun King of Gezer went up to help Lakish, and Yeshua destroyed it, even it and its people by the mouth of the sword, and he did not leave it a survivor
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Then Elam the king of Gazer went up to help Lachis; and Joshua smote him and his people with the edge of the sword, until there was not left to him one that was preserved and escaped.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Conquest of the Southern Cities
32And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, and Joshua captured it on the second day. He put all the people to the sword, just as he had done to Libnah. 33At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors. 34So Joshua moved on from Lachish to Eglon, and all Israel with him. They laid siege to it and fought against it.…

Cross References
Exodus 17:8-16
After this, the Amalekites came and attacked the Israelites at Rephidim. / So Moses said to Joshua, “Choose some of our men and go out to fight the Amalekites. Tomorrow I will stand on the hilltop with the staff of God in my hand.” / Joshua did as Moses had instructed him and fought against the Amalekites, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill. ...

Numbers 21:1-3
When the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming along the road to Atharim, he attacked Israel and captured some prisoners. / So Israel made a vow to the LORD: “If You will deliver this people into our hands, we will devote their cities to destruction.” / And the LORD heard Israel’s plea and delivered up the Canaanites. Israel devoted them and their cities to destruction; so they named the place Hormah.

Deuteronomy 20:1-4
When you go out to war against your enemies and see horses, chariots, and an army larger than yours, do not be afraid of them; for the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, is with you. / When you are about to go into battle, the priest is to come forward and address the army, / saying to them, “Hear, O Israel, today you are going into battle with your enemies. Do not be fainthearted or afraid; do not be alarmed or terrified because of them. ...

Judges 1:1-7
After the death of Joshua, the Israelites inquired of the LORD, “Who will be the first to go up and fight for us against the Canaanites?” / “Judah shall go up,” answered the LORD. “Indeed, I have delivered the land into their hands.” / Then the men of Judah said to their brothers the Simeonites, “Come up with us to our allotted territory, and let us fight against the Canaanites. And we likewise will go with you to your territory.” So the Simeonites went with them. ...

1 Samuel 15:1-9
Then Samuel said to Saul, “The LORD sent me to anoint you king over His people Israel. Now therefore, listen to the words of the LORD. / This is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘I witnessed what the Amalekites did to the Israelites when they opposed them on their way up from Egypt. / Now go and attack the Amalekites and devote to destruction all that belongs to them. Do not spare them, but put to death men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and donkeys.’” ...

2 Samuel 5:17-25
When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went down to the stronghold. / Now the Philistines had come and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. / So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go up,” replied the LORD, “for I will surely deliver the Philistines into your hand.” ...

1 Kings 20:1-21
Now Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he marched up, besieged Samaria, and waged war against it. / Then he sent messengers into the city to Ahab king of Israel, / saying, “This is what Ben-hadad says: ‘Your silver and gold are mine, and your best wives and children are mine!’” ...

2 Kings 3:4-27
Now Mesha king of Moab was a sheep breeder, and he would render to the king of Israel a hundred thousand lambs and the wool of a hundred thousand rams. / But after the death of Ahab, the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel. / So at that time King Jehoram set out from Samaria and mobilized all Israel. ...

2 Chronicles 20:1-30
After this, the Moabites and Ammonites, together with some of the Meunites, came to make war against Jehoshaphat. / Then some men came and told Jehoshaphat, “A vast army is coming against you from Edom, from beyond the Sea; they are already in Hazazon-tamar” (that is, En-gedi). / Jehoshaphat was alarmed and set his face to seek the LORD. And he proclaimed a fast throughout Judah. ...

Psalm 18:37-42
I pursued my enemies and overtook them; I did not turn back until they were consumed. / I crushed them so they could not rise; they have fallen under my feet. / You have armed me with strength for battle; You have subdued my foes beneath me. ...

Isaiah 41:10-13
Do not fear, for I am with you; do not be afraid, for I am your God. I will strengthen you; I will surely help you; I will uphold you with My righteous right hand. / Behold, all who rage against you will be ashamed and disgraced; those who contend with you will be reduced to nothing and will perish. / You will seek them but will not find them. Those who wage war against you will come to nothing. ...

Romans 8:31-39
What then shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? / He who did not spare His own Son but gave Him up for us all, how will He not also, along with Him, freely give us all things? / Who will bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. ...

1 Corinthians 15:57
But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ!

2 Corinthians 2:14
But thanks be to God, who always leads us triumphantly as captives in Christ and through us spreads everywhere the fragrance of the knowledge of Him.

Ephesians 6:10-18
Finally, be strong in the Lord and in His mighty power. / Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes. / For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world’s darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. ...


Treasury of Scripture

Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

Joshua 12:12
The king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;

Joshua 16:3,10
And goeth down westward to the coast of Japhleti, unto the coast of Bethhoron the nether, and to Gezer: and the goings out thereof are at the sea…

Joshua 21:21
For they gave them Shechem with her suburbs in mount Ephraim, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Gezer with her suburbs,

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Army Death Defeated Help Joshua Lachish Meanwhile Overcame Putting Remaining Remnant Smiteth Smote Struck Survivor Survivors
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Army Death Defeated Help Joshua Lachish Meanwhile Overcame Putting Remaining Remnant Smiteth Smote Struck Survivor Survivors
Joshua 10
1. Five kings war against Gibeon
6. Joshua rescues it
10. God fights against them with hailstones
12. The sun and moon stand still at the word of Joshua
16. The five kings are murdered in a cave
22. They are brought forth
24. scornfully used
26. and hanged
28. Seven kings more are conquered
43. Joshua returns to Gilgal














At that time
This phrase situates the events within a specific historical context, emphasizing the immediacy and continuity of the military campaign led by Joshua. The Hebrew root for "time" is "עֵת" (et), which often denotes a significant or appointed time. This suggests that the events were unfolding according to divine timing and purpose, reinforcing the belief in God's sovereign orchestration of history.

Horam king of Gezer
Horam is identified as the king of Gezer, a city-state in ancient Canaan. The mention of a specific king and city highlights the historical and political realities of the time. Gezer was a significant Canaanite city, strategically located on the trade route between Egypt and Mesopotamia. Archaeological evidence supports its existence and importance during the Late Bronze Age. The name "Horam" is not widely attested outside this context, but his role as a king aligns with the common practice of city-states having their own rulers.

went up to help Lachish
The phrase indicates a military alliance and the common practice of city-states coming to each other's aid. Lachish was another significant Canaanite city, and its defense would have been crucial for maintaining regional stability. The Hebrew verb "עָלָה" (alah), translated as "went up," often implies a movement towards a higher or more fortified position, suggesting the strategic importance of Lachish.

but Joshua struck him down
This phrase underscores Joshua's role as a divinely appointed leader and warrior. The Hebrew verb "נָכָה" (nakah), meaning "to strike" or "to smite," conveys a decisive and forceful action. Joshua's victory is portrayed as an act of divine judgment against the Canaanite kings, fulfilling God's promise to give the land to the Israelites.

along with his people
The inclusion of "his people" indicates the comprehensive nature of the defeat. It was not just the king who was defeated, but his entire military force. This reflects the totality of the conquest and the complete overthrow of Canaanite resistance. The phrase emphasizes the collective responsibility and fate of those who opposed Israel.

leaving no survivors
This phrase highlights the thoroughness of the victory and the fulfillment of the divine command to completely destroy the Canaanite inhabitants. The Hebrew phrase "לֹא הִשְׁאִיר שָׂרִיד" (lo hish'ir sarid) conveys the idea of leaving nothing behind. From a conservative Christian perspective, this is seen as a necessary act to prevent the Israelites from being led astray by Canaanite practices and to establish a holy nation dedicated to God.

(33) Gezer is identified as Tell-Jezer or Tel-el-Jezar, about four miles from Amwas or Emmaus.

Verse 33. - Then Horam king of Gezer. It is remarkable that, as Gezer lay somewhat out of the line of march, Joshua did not capture it. Accordingly, in spite of the alleged carelessness of our compiler, who is credited with having put together shreds of the various narratives in the most perfunctory manner, he takes care to add (Joshua 16:10) that the inhabitants of Gezer were not driven out. In like manner, with the single exception of Hebron, the people of which must have at once chosen another king, he carefully omits the mention of the king in the cities which had lost their kings in the battle before Gibeon. See also note on ver. 32. Thus a careful examination of the narrative puts the care and accuracy of the history very carefully before us. With regard to the situation of Gezer, it has been accurately determined by the Palestine Exploration Society. The Levitical boundaries, with Greek and Hebrew inscriptions, signifying the boundary of Gezer, have been discovered by M. Ganneau (see 'Quarterly Paper' for October, 1874). Tell el Jezer was first identified by M. Ganneau with Gezer. Continuing his researches, he found on a slab of rock nearly horizontal and very nearly two inches in length a bilingual inscription, in Greek and Hebrew, signifying the limit of Gezer (תהם גזר). Since the inscription is Greek and Talmudical in its character (the word תהום has not the signification of "limit" in the Hebrew Scriptures) it must, in spite of the early form of the letters, belong to a period long subsequent to the Babylonish captivity. M. Ganneau suggests the Maccabean period. (See below.) But it is, no doubt, the result of a remeasurement in accordance with the rules laid down in Numbers 35:5. Some have supposed the above to have been designed to fix the limit of the sabbath day's journey. But it is more probable that it served as a boundary between the Levitical and the tribal territory, the more especially as the words are so placed as to be read by one entering the town. It was a Levitical city (Joshua 21:21; 1 Chronicles 6:67), or at least assigned to the Levites; but Judges 1:29 shows that the Canaanitish population lived on with the Levites. It may have been the nondescript character of the population that caused it to fall an easy prey to Pharaoh (1 Kings 9:16, where note that the Canaanites had never been driven out); but when Solomon espoused his daughter he restored Gezer to Israel. Under the same name Gazara it plays a conspicuous part in the wars of the Maccabees (1 Macc. 9:52; 2 Macc. 10:32). From the latter passage we learn that it was "a very strong hold." It retains its old name, being now known as Tell el Jezer.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
At that time
אָ֣ז (’āz)
Adverb
Strong's 227: At that time, place, therefore

Horam
הֹרָם֙ (hō·rām)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2036: Horam -- a Canaanite king

king
מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Gezer
גֶּ֔זֶר (ge·zer)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1507: Gezer -- 'portion', a Levitical city on the border of Ephraim

went
עָלָ֗ה (‘ā·lāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5927: To ascend, in, actively

to help
לַעְזֹ֖ר (la‘·zōr)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 5826: To surround, protect, aid

Lachish,
לָכִ֑ישׁ (lā·ḵîš)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3923: Lachish -- a Canaanite city Southwest of Jerusalem

but Joshua
יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ (yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3091: Joshua -- 'the LORD is salvation', Moses' successor, also the name of a number of Israelites

struck him down
וַיַּכֵּ֤הוּ (way·yak·kê·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

along with his people,
עַמּ֔וֹ (‘am·mōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

leaving
הִשְׁאִֽיר־ (hiš·’îr-)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7604: To swell up, be, redundant

no
בִּלְתִּ֥י (bil·tî)
Preposition
Strong's 1115: A failure of, not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until

survivors.
שָׂרִֽיד׃ (śā·rîḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8300: A survivor


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OT History: Joshua 10:33 Then Horam king of Gezer came up (Josh. Jos)
Joshua 10:32
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