Isaiah 5:3
New International Version
“Now you dwellers in Jerusalem and people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.

New Living Translation
Now, you people of Jerusalem and Judah, you judge between me and my vineyard.

English Standard Version
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.

Berean Standard Bible
“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.

King James Bible
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

New King James Version
“And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge, please, between Me and My vineyard.

New American Standard Bible
“And now, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and people of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.

NASB 1995
“And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.

NASB 1977
“And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.

Legacy Standard Bible
“So now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Please judge between Me and My vineyard.

Amplified Bible
“And now, says the LORD, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard (My people).

Christian Standard Bible
So now, residents of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So now, residents of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between Me and My vineyard.

American Standard Version
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

Contemporary English Version
Listen, people of Jerusalem and of Judah! You be the judge of me and my vineyard.

English Revised Version
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Now then, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and Judah, judge between me and my vineyard!

Good News Translation
So now my friend says, "You people who live in Jerusalem and Judah, judge between my vineyard and me.

International Standard Version
"So now, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, won't you please, between me and my vineyard.

Majority Standard Bible
“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.

NET Bible
So now, residents of Jerusalem, people of Judah, you decide between me and my vineyard!

New Heart English Bible
"Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.

Webster's Bible Translation
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

World English Bible
“Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem and man of Judah, "" Please judge between Me and My vineyard.

Young's Literal Translation
And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem, and man of Judah, Judge, I pray you, between me and my vineyard.

Smith's Literal Translation
And now, ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge ye now, between me and between my vineyard.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And now, O ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and ye men of Juda, judge between me and my vineyard.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Now then, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah: judge between me and my vineyard.

New American Bible
Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem, people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard:

New Revised Standard Version
And now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And now, O men of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, judge between me and my vineyard.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Now, men of Judea, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, judge between me and my vineyard
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And now, ye dwellers in Jerusalem, and every man of Juda, judge between me and my vineyard.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Song of the Vineyard
2He dug it up and cleared the stones and planted the finest vines. He built a watchtower in the middle and dug out a winepress as well. He waited for the vineyard to yield good grapes, but the fruit it produced was sour! 3“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard. 4What more could I have done for My vineyard than I already did for it? Why, when I expected sweet grapes, did it bring forth sour fruit?…

Cross References
Matthew 21:33-41
Listen to another parable: There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a winepress in it, and built a tower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey. / When the harvest time drew near, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit. / But the tenants seized his servants. They beat one, killed another, and stoned a third. ...

Mark 12:1-9
Then Jesus began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a wine vat, and built a watchtower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey. / At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. / But they seized the servant, beat him, and sent him away empty-handed. ...

Luke 20:9-16
Then He proceeded to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard, rented it out to some tenants, and went away for a long time. / At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat the servant and sent him away empty-handed. / So he sent another servant, but they beat him and treated him shamefully, sending him away empty-handed. ...

Jeremiah 2:5
This is what the LORD says: “What fault did your fathers find in Me that they strayed so far from Me? They followed worthless idols, and became worthless themselves.

Jeremiah 2:21
I had planted you like a choice vine from the very best seed. How could you turn yourself before Me into a rotten, wild vine?

Hosea 10:1
Israel was a luxuriant vine, yielding fruit for himself. The more his fruit increased, the more he increased the altars. The better his land produced, the better he made the sacred pillars.

Psalm 80:8-16
You uprooted a vine from Egypt; You drove out the nations and transplanted it. / You cleared the ground for it, and it took root and filled the land. / The mountains were covered by its shade, and the mighty cedars with its branches. ...

Ezekiel 15:1-8
Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying, / “Son of man, how does the wood of the vine surpass any other branch among the trees in the forest? / Can wood be taken from it to make something useful? Or can one make from it a peg on which to hang utensils? ...

Ezekiel 19:10-14
Your mother was like a vine in your vineyard, planted by the water; it was fruitful and full of branches because of the abundant waters. / It had strong branches, fit for a ruler’s scepter. It towered high above the thick branches, conspicuous for its height and for its dense foliage. / But it was uprooted in fury, cast down to the ground, and the east wind dried up its fruit. Its strong branches were stripped off and they withered; the fire consumed them. ...

Matthew 23:37
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!

Romans 9:30-33
What then will we say? That the Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained it, a righteousness that is by faith; / but Israel, who pursued a law of righteousness, has not attained it. / Why not? Because their pursuit was not by faith, but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone, ...

Romans 11:17-24
Now if some branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others to share in the nourishment of the olive root, / do not boast over those branches. If you do, remember this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you. / You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” ...

John 15:1-8
“I am the true vine, and My Father is the keeper of the vineyard. / He cuts off every branch in Me that bears no fruit, and every branch that does bear fruit, He prunes to make it even more fruitful. / You are already clean because of the word I have spoken to you. ...

Micah 6:2-3
Hear, O mountains, the LORD’s indictment, you enduring foundations of the earth. For the LORD has a case against His people, and He will argue it against Israel: / ‘My people, what have I done to you? Testify against Me how I have wearied you!

Amos 3:1-2
Hear this word that the LORD has spoken against you, O children of Israel, against the whole family that I brought up out of the land of Egypt: / “Only you have I known from all the families of the earth; therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities.”


Treasury of Scripture

And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, between me and my vineyard.

judge

Psalm 50:4-6
He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people…

Psalm 51:4
Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, and be clear when thou judgest.

Jeremiah 2:4,5
Hear ye the word of the LORD, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel: …

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Isaiah 5
1. Under the parable of a vineyard, God excuses his severe judgment
8. His judgments upon covetousness
11. Upon lasciviousness
13. Upon impiety
20. And upon injustice
26. The executioners of God's judgments














And now
This phrase serves as a transition, indicating a shift in focus or urgency. In the context of Isaiah, it marks a moment of divine appeal and judgment. The Hebrew word "וְעַתָּה" (ve'atah) suggests immediacy and a call to attention. It is a divine summons, urging the audience to pause and reflect on the gravity of the situation. This is a pivotal moment where God is about to present His case, emphasizing the seriousness of the forthcoming judgment.

O dwellers of Jerusalem
The term "dwellers" refers to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the city central to Jewish identity and worship. Jerusalem, often called the "City of David," holds significant historical and spiritual importance as the location of the Temple, the heart of Jewish worship. The Hebrew word "יֹשְׁבֵי" (yoshevei) implies those who reside or inhabit, suggesting a deep connection to the land and its spiritual heritage. This call is directed to those who are intimately familiar with God's laws and expectations.

and men of Judah
Judah, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, represents the southern kingdom, known for its lineage of kings and its role in maintaining the Davidic line. The Hebrew "אִישׁ" (ish) for "men" denotes individuals with responsibility and authority. By addressing both the dwellers of Jerusalem and the men of Judah, the verse encompasses all societal levels, from common residents to leaders, highlighting the collective responsibility of the people in their covenant relationship with God.

judge between Me and My vineyard
The imagery of a vineyard is a recurring motif in Scripture, symbolizing Israel as God's cherished possession. The Hebrew word "שָׁפְטוּ" (shoftu) for "judge" implies making a decision or rendering a verdict. This is a call for introspection and discernment, inviting the people to evaluate their actions and the resulting consequences. The vineyard represents God's investment and care, and the call to judge signifies a divine challenge to recognize their failures in upholding their covenantal duties. This phrase underscores the theme of accountability and the expectation of fruitfulness in response to God's nurturing.

(3) And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem.--"The song of the vineyard" comes to an end and becomes the text of a discourse in which Jehovah, as the "Beloved" of the song, speaks through the prophet. Those to whom the parable applies are invited, as David was by Nathan, to pass an unconscious judgment on themselves. (Comp. Matthew 21:40-41, as an instance of the same method.)

Verse 3. - The prophet's "song" here ends, and Jehovah himself takes the word. As if the story told in the parable had been a fact, he calls on the men of Judah and Jerusalem to "judge between him and his vineyard." Compare Nathan's appeal to David by the parable of the ewe lamb (2 Samuel 12:1-4).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And now,
וְעַתָּ֛ה (wə·‘at·tāh)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb
Strong's 6258: At this time

O dwellers
יוֹשֵׁ֥ב (yō·wō·šêḇ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

of Jerusalem
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם (yə·rū·šā·lim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3389: Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel

and men
וְאִ֣ישׁ (wə·’îš)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

of Judah,
יְהוּדָ֑ה (yə·hū·ḏāh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites

I exhort
נָ֕א (nā)
Interjection
Strong's 4994: I pray', 'now', 'then'

you to judge
שִׁפְטוּ־ (šip̄·ṭū-)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 8199: To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate

between Me
בֵּינִ֖י (bê·nî)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's 996: An interval, space between

and My vineyard.
כַּרְמִֽי׃ (kar·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 3754: A garden, vineyard


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OT Prophets: Isaiah 5:3 Now inhabitants of Jerusalem and men (Isa Isi Is)
Isaiah 5:2
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