Ezekiel 18:10
New International Version
“Suppose he has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these other things

New Living Translation
“But suppose that man has a son who grows up to be a robber or murderer and refuses to do what is right.

English Standard Version
“If he fathers a son who is violent, a shedder of blood, who does any of these things

Berean Standard Bible
Now suppose that man has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these things,

King James Bible
If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth the like to any one of these things,

New King James Version
“If he begets a son who is a robber Or a shedder of blood, Who does any of these things

New American Standard Bible
“However, he may father a violent son who sheds blood, and does any one of these things to a brother

NASB 1995
“Then he may have a violent son who sheds blood and who does any of these things to a brother

NASB 1977
“Then he may have a violent son who sheds blood, and who does any of these things to a brother

Legacy Standard Bible
“Then he may have a violent son who sheds blood and who does any of these things to a brother

Amplified Bible
“If he is the father of a violent son who sheds blood, and who does any of these things to a brother

Christian Standard Bible
“But suppose the man has a violent son, who sheds blood and does any of these things,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Now suppose the man has a violent son, who sheds blood and does any of these things,

American Standard Version
If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth any one of these things,

Contemporary English Version
But suppose this good man has an evil son who is violent and commits sins

English Revised Version
If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth any one of these things,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"But suppose this person has a son who robs and murders. The son does all the things

Good News Translation
"Then suppose this man has a son who robs and kills, who does any of these things

International Standard Version
"Now suppose that person produces a son who's violent, a murderer, and practices any of these things,

Majority Standard Bible
Now suppose that man has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these things,

NET Bible
"Suppose such a man has a violent son who sheds blood and does any of these things mentioned previously

New Heart English Bible
"If he fathers a son who is a robber, a shedder of blood, and who does any one of these things,

Webster's Bible Translation
If he begetteth a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth the like to any one of these things,

World English Bible
“If he fathers a son who is a robber who sheds blood, and who does any one of these things,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
“And he has begotten a son, "" A burglar—a shedder of blood, "" And he has made a brother of one of these,

Young's Literal Translation
And -- he hath begotten a son, A burglar -- a shedder of blood, And he hath made a brother of one of these,

Smith's Literal Translation
And he begat a rapacious son, pouring out blood and doing the likeness of one of these.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And if he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that hath done some one of these things:

Catholic Public Domain Version
But if he raises a son who is a robber, who sheds blood, and who does any of these things,

New American Bible
But if he begets a son who is violent and commits murder, or does any of these things,

New Revised Standard Version
If he has a son who is violent, a shedder of blood,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If he begets a son who is a wicked man, a shedder of blood, and he does any one of these evil things,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And if he will beget a son, an evil shedder of blood, and he will do one of these things
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth to a brother any of these things,

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And if he beget a mischievous son, shedding blood and committing sins,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
A Proverb about Israel
9He follows My statutes and faithfully keeps My ordinances. That man is righteous; surely he will live, declares the Lord GOD. 10Now suppose that man has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these things, 11though the father has done none of them: Indeed, the son eats at the mountain and defiles his neighbor’s wife.…

Cross References
Exodus 20:5
You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on their children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me,

Deuteronomy 24:16
Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.

2 Kings 14:6
Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Jeremiah 31:29-30
“In those days, it will no longer be said: ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the teeth of the children are set on edge.’ / Instead, each will die for his own iniquity. If anyone eats the sour grapes, his own teeth will be set on edge.

Proverbs 17:21
A man fathers a fool to his own grief; the father of a fool has no joy.

Proverbs 19:13
A foolish son is his father’s ruin, and a quarrelsome wife is like a constant dripping.

Isaiah 1:4
Alas, O sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a brood of evildoers, children who act corruptly! They have forsaken the LORD; they have despised the Holy One of Israel and turned their backs on Him.

Isaiah 57:3-4
“But come here, you sons of a sorceress, you offspring of adulterers and prostitutes! / Whom are you mocking? At whom do you sneer and stick out your tongue? Are you not children of transgression, offspring of deceit,

Hosea 4:6
My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge. Because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you as My priests. Since you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children.

Micah 6:16
You have kept the statutes of Omri and all the practices of Ahab’s house; you have followed their counsel. Therefore I will make you a desolation, and your inhabitants an object of contempt; you will bear the scorn of the nations.”

Matthew 23:31-32
So you testify against yourselves that you are the sons of those who murdered the prophets. / Fill up, then, the measure of the sin of your fathers.

John 8:44
You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out his desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, refusing to uphold the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, because he is a liar and the father of lies.

Romans 2:6-9
God “will repay each one according to his deeds.” / To those who by perseverance in doing good seek glory, honor, and immortality, He will give eternal life. / But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow wickedness, there will be wrath and anger. ...

Romans 6:23
For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

1 Corinthians 6:9-10
Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who submit to or perform homosexual acts, / nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.


Treasury of Scripture

If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that does the like to any one of these things,

that is

Leviticus 19:13
Thou shalt not defraud thy neighbour, neither rob him: the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning.

Malachi 3:8,9
Will a man rob God? Yet ye have robbed me. But ye say, Wherein have we robbed thee? In tithes and offerings…

John 18:40
Then cried they all again, saying, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber.

a robber.

Exodus 22:2
If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him.

a shedder

Genesis 9:5,6
And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man's brother will I require the life of man…

Exodus 21:12
He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

Numbers 35:31
Moreover ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer, which is guilty of death: but he shall be surely put to death.

the like to any one of these things.

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Ezekiel 18
1. God defends his justice
31. and exhorts to repentance














Now suppose
The phrase "Now suppose" introduces a hypothetical scenario, a common teaching method in ancient Hebrew literature. This approach invites the audience to engage with the moral and ethical implications of the situation. In the Hebrew text, the word used here is "וְהִנֵּה" (vehineh), which often serves to draw attention to a new or significant point. It sets the stage for a discussion on personal responsibility and the consequences of one's actions, emphasizing the importance of individual choice in the eyes of God.

that man
This refers to the righteous man described earlier in the chapter, who lives according to God's statutes. The Hebrew word for "man" here is "אִישׁ" (ish), which can denote a person of integrity or standing. The context suggests a generational contrast, highlighting the potential for divergence in moral character within a family. This underscores the biblical principle that righteousness is not inherited but must be chosen by each individual.

has a violent son
The term "violent" is translated from the Hebrew word "חָמָס" (chamas), which implies not just physical violence but also injustice and oppression. This word is often associated with moral corruption and is used throughout the Old Testament to describe actions that are abhorrent to God. The mention of a "son" indicates a direct familial relationship, emphasizing the personal nature of the narrative and the potential for discord even within a righteous household.

who sheds blood
"Sheds blood" is a phrase that denotes murder or acts of extreme violence. In Hebrew, "שֹׁפֵךְ דָּם" (shopekh dam) is a serious accusation, as the shedding of innocent blood is a grave sin in biblical law. This phrase serves to illustrate the severity of the son's actions, contrasting sharply with the righteousness of the father. It highlights the biblical teaching that each person is accountable for their own sins, regardless of their family background.

or does any of these things
This phrase refers back to the list of sins and transgressions outlined earlier in the chapter. The Hebrew "וְעָשָׂה אַחַת מִכָּל־אֵלֶּה" (ve'asah achat mikol-eleh) suggests a comprehensive understanding of sin, encompassing both specific actions and general attitudes that are contrary to God's commands. It reinforces the message that each individual is responsible for their own moral choices and that deviation from God's law leads to spiritual and often physical consequences.

(10) That doeth the like to any one of these things.--The prophet now enters upon the consideration of the second case, that of the son of a righteous father who takes to wicked courses, and it is shown that he shall be dealt with according to his own personal character. It is not necessary that he should be wholly given over to evil or have committed all the sins enumerated, but if he show the alienation of his heart from God by choosing to do any of those things which He has forbidden, he must fall under His righteous condemnation.

Verse 10. - A robber. The Hebrew implies robbery with violence, perhaps, as in the Authorized Version margin, the offence of the housebreaker. That doeth the like to any of these things. The margin of the Revised Version, following the Chaldee paraphrase, gives, who doeth to a brother any of these things. Others (Keil and Furst) render, "who doeth only one of these things," as if recognizing the principle of James 2:10. On the whole, there seems sufficient reason for keeping to the text.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Now suppose [that man] has
וְהוֹלִ֥יד (wə·hō·w·lîḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage

a violent
פָּרִ֖יץ (pā·rîṣ)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6530: Violent, a tyrant

son,
בֵּן־ (bên-)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

who sheds
שֹׁפֵ֣ךְ (šō·p̄êḵ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8210: To spill forth, to expend, to sprawl out

blood
דָּ֑ם (dām)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed

or does
וְעָ֣שָׂה (wə·‘ā·śāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

any
מֵאַחַ֖ד (mê·’a·ḥaḏ)
Preposition-m | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first

of these [things],
מֵאֵֽלֶּה׃ (mê·’êl·leh)
Preposition-m | Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 18:10 If he fathers a son who (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 18:9
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