1 Peter 2:8
New International Version
and, “A stone that causes people to stumble and a rock that makes them fall.” They stumble because they disobey the message—which is also what they were destined for.

New Living Translation
And, “He is the stone that makes people stumble, the rock that makes them fall.” They stumble because they do not obey God’s word, and so they meet the fate that was planned for them.

English Standard Version
and “A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.

Berean Standard Bible
and, “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word—and to this they were appointed.

Berean Literal Bible
and, "A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense." They stumble at being disobedient to the word, to which also they were appointed.

King James Bible
And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

New King James Version
and “A stone of stumbling And a rock of offense.” They stumble, being disobedient to the word, to which they also were appointed.

New American Standard Bible
and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE”; for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this they were also appointed.

NASB 1995
and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE"; for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this doom they were also appointed.

NASB 1977
and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE”;for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this doom they were also appointed.

Legacy Standard Bible
and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE.” They stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this stumbling they were also appointed.

Amplified Bible
and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE”; for they stumble because they disobey the word [of God], and to this they [who reject Him as Savior] were also appointed.

Christian Standard Bible
and A stone to stumble over, and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the word; they were destined for this.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
and A stone to stumble over, and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the message; they were destined for this.

American Standard Version
and, A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence; for they stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

Contemporary English Version
They disobeyed the message and stumbled and fell over this stone, because they were doomed.

English Revised Version
and, A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence; for they stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
a stone that people trip over, a large rock that people find offensive." The people tripped over the word because they refused to believe it. Therefore, this is how they ended up.

Good News Translation
And another scripture says, "This is the stone that will make people stumble, the rock that will make them fall." They stumbled because they did not believe in the word; such was God's will for them.

International Standard Version
a stone they stumble over and a rock they trip on." They keep on stumbling because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.

Majority Standard Bible
and, “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word—and to this they were appointed.

NET Bible
and a stumbling-stone and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.

New Heart English Bible
and, "a stone to stumble over, and a rock to trip over." For they stumble at the word, being disobedient, to which also they were appointed.

Webster's Bible Translation
And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense, even to them who stumble at the word, being disobedient: to which also they were appointed.

Weymouth New Testament
and "a Stone for the foot to strike against, and a Rock to stumble over." Their foot strikes against it because they are disobedient to God's Message, and to this they were appointed.

World English Bible
and, “a stumbling stone and a rock of offense.” For they stumble at the word, being disobedient, to which also they were appointed.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense—who are stumbling at the word, being unbelieving—to which they were also set.

Berean Literal Bible
and, "A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense." They stumble at being disobedient to the word, to which also they were appointed.

Young's Literal Translation
and a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence -- who are stumbling at the word, being unbelieving, -- to which also they were set;

Smith's Literal Translation
And a stone of stumble, and rock of offence, they disbelieving the word stumble: to which also they were set.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of scandal, to them who stumble at the word, neither do believe, whereunto also they are set.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and a stone of offense, and a rock of scandal, to those who are offended by the Word; neither do they believe, though they also have been built upon him.

New American Bible
and “A stone that will make people stumble, and a rock that will make them fall.” They stumble by disobeying the word, as is their destiny.

New Revised Standard Version
and “A stone that makes them stumble, and a rock that makes them fall.” They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And they stumble over it because they are disobedient to the word for which they were appointed.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
He is a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, and they stumble on it, in that they do not obey the word, for they are appointed to this.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
and a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense to the disobedient, who stumble at the word because they are disobedient, to which stumbling they were also appointed.

Godbey New Testament
who stumble over the word, disbelieving: unto which they indeed were appointed.

Haweis New Testament
and a stone of stumbling, and rock of offence,” to those who stumble at the word, disobedient; whereunto also they were appointed.

Mace New Testament
and which the architects rejected, will be an occasion to the incredulous of their stumbling, and bruising themselves thereby:

Weymouth New Testament
and "a Stone for the foot to strike against, and a Rock to stumble over." Their foot strikes against it because they are disobedient to God's Message, and to this they were appointed.

Worrell New Testament
and "a stone of stumbling, and rock of offense"; who stumble, being disobedient to the word, to which also they were appointed.

Worsley New Testament
and a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence. These stumble at the word through unbelief, unto which also they were appointed.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Living Stone
7To you who believe, then, this stone is precious. But to those who do not believe, “The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone,” 8and, “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word— and to this they were appointed. 9But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.…

Cross References
Isaiah 8:14-15
And He will be a sanctuary—but to both houses of Israel a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, to the dwellers of Jerusalem a trap and a snare. / Many will stumble over these; they will fall and be broken; they will be ensnared and captured.”

Romans 9:32-33
Why not? Because their pursuit was not by faith, but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone, / as it is written: “See, I lay in Zion a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense; and the one who believes in Him will never be put to shame.”

Matthew 21:42-44
Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’? / Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit. / He who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but he on whom it falls will be crushed.”

Psalm 118:22
The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.

Luke 20:17-18
But Jesus looked directly at them and said, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’? / Everyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but he on whom it falls will be crushed.”

Acts 4:11
This Jesus is ‘the stone you builders rejected, which has become the cornerstone.’

1 Corinthians 1:23
but we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles,

Ephesians 2:20
built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus Himself as the cornerstone.

Mark 12:10-11
Have you never read this Scripture: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. / This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”

Romans 11:9-10
And David says: “May their table become a snare and a trap, a stumbling block and a retribution to them. / May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see, and their backs be bent forever.”

Isaiah 28:16
So this is what the Lord GOD says: “See, I lay a stone in Zion, a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation; the one who believes will never be shaken.

2 Corinthians 2:16
To the one we are an odor that brings death, to the other a fragrance that brings life. And who is qualified for such a task?

John 12:40
“He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, so that they cannot see with their eyes, and understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.”

Matthew 13:57
And they took offense at Him. But Jesus said to them, “Only in his hometown and in his own household is a prophet without honor.”

Hosea 14:9
Whoever is wise, let him understand these things; whoever is discerning, let him know them. For the ways of the LORD are right, and the righteous walk in them but the rebellious stumble in them.


Treasury of Scripture

And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.

a stone.

Isaiah 8:14
And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

Isaiah 57:14
And shall say, Cast ye up, cast ye up, prepare the way, take up the stumblingblock out of the way of my people.

Luke 2:34
And Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the fall and rising again of many in Israel; and for a sign which shall be spoken against;

being.

1 Peter 2:7
Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner,

whereunto.

Exodus 9:16
And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to shew in thee my power; and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.

Romans 9:22
What if God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction:

1 Thessalonians 5:9
For God hath not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ,

Jump to Previous
Appointed Cause Causes Destined Disobedient Disobey Doom Fall Falling Foot God's Makes Message Offence Offense Purpose Rock Stone Strike Strikes Stumble Stumbling Trouble Unbelieving Whereunto Word
Jump to Next
Appointed Cause Causes Destined Disobedient Disobey Doom Fall Falling Foot God's Makes Message Offence Offense Purpose Rock Stone Strike Strikes Stumble Stumbling Trouble Unbelieving Whereunto Word
1 Peter 2
1. He exhorts to put away wickedness;
4. showing that Christ is the foundation whereupon they are built.
11. He beseeches them also to abstain from sinful desires;
13. to be obedient to authorities;
18. and teaches servants how to obey their masters;
20. patiently suffering for well doing, after the example of Christ.














and, 'A stone of stumbling'
This phrase refers to Jesus Christ as a "stone" that causes people to stumble. The Greek word for "stone" is "λίθος" (lithos), which is often used metaphorically in Scripture to represent strength, foundation, or a cornerstone. In the context of 1 Peter, it draws from Isaiah 8:14, where God Himself is described as a sanctuary and a stone of offense. Historically, the Jewish leaders and many of the people stumbled over Jesus because He did not meet their expectations of the Messiah. Instead of a political liberator, He came as a suffering servant. This stumbling is not just a physical tripping but a spiritual failure to recognize and accept Jesus as the Messiah.

and a rock of offense
The term "rock" in Greek is "πέτρα" (petra), which signifies a large mass of rock, more substantial than a mere stone. This imagery emphasizes the magnitude of the offense taken by those who reject Christ. The "offense" comes from the Greek word "σκάνδαλον" (skandalon), meaning a trap or snare. In a spiritual sense, Jesus becomes a "rock of offense" to those who refuse to believe, as His teachings and His very nature challenge human pride and self-reliance. Historically, this was evident in the rejection of Jesus by the religious authorities of His time, who saw His claims as blasphemous and His teachings as a threat to their power.

They stumble because they disobey the word
The act of stumbling is directly linked to disobedience. The Greek word for "disobey" is "ἀπειθέω" (apeitheo), which means to refuse to be persuaded or to willfully disbelieve. This disobedience is not merely a passive lack of understanding but an active choice to reject the truth of the Gospel. The "word" here refers to the message of Christ, the Gospel, which calls for repentance and faith. Historically, this disobedience was seen in the Jewish leaders' rejection of Jesus, despite the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies in His life and work.

to which they were appointed
This phrase can be challenging, as it touches on the theological concept of divine sovereignty and human responsibility. The Greek word for "appointed" is "τίθημι" (tithēmi), meaning to set, place, or lay down. In a conservative Christian perspective, this does not imply that God predestines individuals to disobedience but rather that God, in His foreknowledge, knows who will reject Him. This appointment is not to disobedience itself but to the consequences of that disobedience—stumbling over the cornerstone, Jesus Christ. Historically, this reflects the broader biblical narrative where God’s chosen people, Israel, often turned away from Him, leading to judgment and exile, yet always with a remnant preserved by grace.

(8) And a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence.--Another quotation, no doubt suggested by the word "a stone," but conveying a totally different metaphor. Here there is no thought whatever of the stone as a material for building; the thought is that of a mass of rock on the road, on which the terror-stricken fugitives stumble and fall. The words are taken from Isaiah 8:14, and are translated directly from the Hebrew. The LXX. not only makes nonsense, but can again be hardly acquitted of "guile" (1Peter 2:1) in its endeavour to make out the best possible case for Israel by deliberately inserting the word "not" twice over. We shall find St. Peter in 1Peter 3:14 quoting the verses which immediately precede our present citation, and again the point lies in the context. The words are no mere phrase hastily caught up to serve the turn. They come out of the great Immanuel section of Isaiah, and immediately involve, like the quotation in 1Peter 2:6, the sharp contrast between the Jews who trust in Immanuel (the presence of God with Israel) and the Jews who do not, but rely on "confederacies." To the one party, the Lord of Hosts will be "for a sanctuary;" but to the other party, who are described as "both houses of Israel," and specially as the "inhabitant of Jerusalem," He will be "for a stone of striking, and for a rock of stumbling over," and also "for a snare." The "sanctuary" does not seem to mean a temple (though this would connect it with the preceding words of St. Peter), but rather such a "sanctuary" as that of Bethel (Genesis 28:18), a consecrated stone to which a man might flee as an asylum. In the flight of terror before the face of the Assyrians the very stone which afforded right of sanctuary to those who recognised and trusted it, was a vexatious and dangerous obstacle, a trap full in the way to those who did not. Once more, therefore, the Hebrews of the Dispersion, in separating themselves from "both houses of Israel" and the "inhabitant of Jerusalem," were obeying the warnings of the Immanuel prophecy, which every Hebrew recognised as Messianic. Though the coupling of these passages of the Old Testament together certainly seems to show traces of the influence of St. Paul (comp. Romans 9:32-33), yet St. Peter must have been present and heard "the Lord of Hosts" Himself put them together (Luke 20:17-18), and probably St. Paul's use of the passages is itself to be traced back to the same origin. . . . Verse 8. - And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense. St. Peter combines Isaiah 8:14 with his first quotations, as St. Paul also does (Ram. 9:33), both apostles quoting from the Hebrew, not from the Septuagint, which is quite different, inserting two negatives. The living Stone is not only made the Head of the corner to the confusion of the disobedient, but becomes also to their destruction a Stone of stumbling; they fall on that Stone, and are broken (Matthew 21:44). That Stone is a Rock (πέτρα), the Rock of Ages, the Rock on which the Church is built; but to the disobedient it is a Rock of offense (πέτρα σκανδάλου). Σκάνδαλον (in Attic Greek σκανδάληθρον) is properly the catch or spring of a trap, which makes animals fall into the trap; then a stumbling-block - anything which causes men to fall. We cannot fail to notice how St. Peter echoes the well-remembered words of our Lord, recorded in Matthew 16:18, 23. Peter was himself then a πέτρα σκανδάλου, a rock of offense. Even to them which stumble at the Word, being disobedient; literally, who being disobedient stumble at the Word - the relative referring back to "them which be disobedient" in ver. 7. This seems better than (with Huther and others) to take τῷ λόγῳ with ἀπειθοῦντες, "who stumble, being disobedient to the Word." Ἀπειθοῦντες, literally," unbelieving," contains here, as frequently, the idea of disobedience, willful opposition. St. Peter seems to come very near to St. John's use of Λόγος for the personal Word, the Lord Jesus Christ. Whereunto also they were appointed. "Whereunto" (εἰς ὄ) cannot refer back to ver. 5; God had appointed them to be built up in his spiritual house, but they were disobedient. It must refer either to ἀπειθοῦντες - sin is punished by sin; for sin in God's awful judgment hardens the heart; the disobedient are in danger of eternal sin (Mark 3:29, according to the two oldest manuscripts) - or, more probably, to προσκόπουσιν; it is God's ordinance that disobedience should end in stumbling; but that stumbling does not necessarily imply condemnation (see Romans 11:11). The word, the preaching of Christ crucified, was to the Jews a stumbling-block (1 Corinthians 1:23). But not all stumbled that they might fall. Nevertheless, perseverance in disobedience must end in everlasting death.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
and,
Καὶ (Kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

“A stone
Λίθος (Lithos)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3037: A stone; met: of Jesus as the chief stone in a building. Apparently a primary word; a stone.

of stumbling
προσκόμματος (proskommatos)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 4348: A stumbling-block, an occasion for falling, a moral embarrassment. From proskopto; a stub, i.e. occasion of apostasy.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

a rock
πέτρα (petra)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 4073: A rock, ledge, cliff, cave, stony ground. Feminine of the same as Petros; a rock.

of offense.”
σκανδάλου (skandalou)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 4625: A snare, stumbling-block, cause for error. Scandal; probably from a derivative of kampto; a trap-stick, i.e. Snare.

[They]
Οἳ (Hoi)
Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3739: Who, which, what, that.

stumble [because]
προσκόπτουσιν (proskoptousin)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 4350: From pros and kopto; to strike at, i.e. Surge against; specially, to stub on, i.e. Trip up.

they disobey
ἀπειθοῦντες (apeithountes)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 544: To disobey, rebel, be disloyal, refuse conformity. From apeithes; to disbelieve.

the
τῷ (tō)
Article - Dative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

message—
λόγῳ (logō)
Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3056: From lego; something said; by implication, a topic, also reasoning or motive; by extension, a computation; specially, the Divine Expression.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

to
εἰς (eis)
Preposition
Strong's 1519: A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases.

[this]
(ho)
Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 3739: Who, which, what, that.

they were appointed.
ἐτέθησαν (etethēsan)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 5087: To put, place, lay, set, fix, establish. A prolonged form of a primary theo to place.


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NT Letters: 1 Peter 2:8 And a stone of stumbling (1 Pet. 1P iP i Pet)
1 Peter 2:7
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