Strong's Lexicon pro: before, in front of, prior to Original Word: πρό Word Origin: A primary preposition Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - H6440 (פָּנִים, panim): Often translated as "before" or "in the presence of," used to denote position or priority. - H6923 (קָדַם, qadam): Meaning "to come before" or "to precede," used in temporal contexts. Usage: The Greek preposition "πρό" (pro) is used to denote precedence in time, place, or importance. It often conveys the idea of something occurring before another event or being positioned in front of something else. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to indicate temporal priority, such as events that happen before others, or to express spatial relationships. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Greek culture, prepositions like "πρό" were essential for expressing complex ideas of time and space. The concept of "before" was significant in both temporal and spatial contexts, influencing how events were understood in relation to one another. In the biblical context, "πρό" often underscores the preeminence or priority of divine actions or plans, reflecting a worldview where God's purposes are seen as preceding human history. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. preposition Definition before NASB Translation above (2), ago (4), ahead (2), ahead* (2), before (30), front (2), just outside (1), prior (1), right (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4253: πρόπρό, a preposition followed by the genitive (Latinpro) (from Homer down), the Sept. chiefly for לִפְנֵי, before; used a. of place: πρό τῶν θυρῶν, τῆς θύρας, etc., Acts 5:23 R G; b. of Time: πρό τούτων τῶν ἡμερῶν, Acts 5:36; Acts 21:38; (πρό τοῦ πάσχα, John 11:55); according to a later Greek idiom, πρό ἕξ ἡμερῶν τοῦ πάσχα, properly, before six days reckoning from the Passover, which is equivalent to ἕξ ἡμέρας πρό τοῦ πάσχα, on the sixth day before the Passover, John 12:1 (πρό δύο ἐτῶν τοῦ σεισμοῦ, Amos 1:1; πρό μιᾶς ἡμέρας τῆς Μαρδοχαϊκῆς ἡμέρας, 2 Macc. 15:36; examples from secular writings are cited by Winers Grammar, 557 (518); (cf. Buttmann, § 131, 11); from ecclesiastical writings by Hilgenfeld, Die Evangelien etc., pp. 298, 302; also his Paschastreit der alten Kirche, p. 221f; (cf. Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word πρό, 1 and 2)); (πρό τῆς ἑορτῆς, John 13:1); πρό καιροῦ, Matthew 8:29; 1 Corinthians 4:5; τῶν αἰώνων, 1 Corinthians 2:7; παντός τοῦ αἰῶνος, Jude 1:25 L T Tr WH; ἐτῶν δεκατεσσάρων, (fourteen years ago), 2 Corinthians 12:2; add, 2 Timothy 1:9; 2 Timothy 4:21; Titus 1:2; τοῦ ἀρίστου, Luke 11:38; κατακλυσμοῦ, Matthew 24:38; πρό τῆς μεταθέσεως, Hebrews 11:5; πρό καταβολῆς κόσμου, John 17:24; Ephesians 1:4; 1 Peter 1:20; πρό πάντων, prior to all created things, Colossians 1:17; (πρό τούτων πάντων (Rev. ἁπάντων), Luke 21:12); by a Hebraism, πρό προσώπου with the genitive of a thing is used of time for the simple πρό (Winers Grammar, § 65, 4b.; (Buttmann, 319 (274))), Acts 13:24 ((literally, before the face of his entering in)). πρό with the genitive of a person: John 5:7; John 10:8 (not Tdf.); Romans 16:7; οἱ πρό τίνος, those that existed before one, Matthew 5:12; with a predicate nominative added, Galatians 1:17. πρό with the genitive of an infinitive that has the article, Latinante quam (before, before that) followed by a finite verb (Buttmann, § 140, 11; Winer's Grammar, 329 (309)): Matthew 6:8; Luke 2:21; Luke 22:15; John 1:48 (49); c. of superiority or pre-eminence (Winer's Grammar, 372 (349)): πρό πάντων, above all things, James 5:12; 1 Peter 4:8. d. In Composition, πρό marks α. place: προαύλιον; motion forward (Latinporro), προβαίνω, προβάλλω, etc.; before another who follows, in advance, προάγω, πρόδρομος, προπέρμπω, προτρέχω, etc.; in public view, openly, πρόδηλος, πρόκειμαι. β. time: before this, previously, προαμαρτάνω; in reference to the time of an occurrence, beforehand, in advance, προβλέπω, προγινώσκω, προθέσμιος, πρωρίζω, etc. γ. superiority or preference: προαιρέομαι. (Cf. Herm. ad Vig., p. 658.) A primary preposition; "fore", i.e. In front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to -- above, ago, before, or ever. In the comparative, it retains the same significations. Englishman's Concordance Matthew 5:12 PrepGRK: προφήτας τοὺς πρὸ ὑμῶν NAS: the prophets who were before you. KJV: the prophets which were before you. INT: prophets who [were] before you Matthew 6:8 Prep Matthew 8:29 Prep Matthew 11:10 Prep Matthew 24:38 Prep Mark 1:2 Prep Luke 2:21 Prep Luke 7:27 Prep Luke 9:52 Prep Luke 10:1 Prep Luke 11:38 Prep Luke 21:12 Prep Luke 22:15 Prep John 1:48 Prep John 5:7 Prep John 10:8 Prep John 11:55 Prep John 12:1 Prep John 13:1 Prep John 13:19 Prep John 17:5 Prep John 17:24 Prep Acts 5:36 Prep Acts 12:6 Prep Acts 12:14 Prep |
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