of our Lord
The phrase "our Lord" refers to Jesus Christ, acknowledging His divine authority and lordship over believers. The Greek word "Kyrios" is used here, which denotes a master or ruler. In the early Christian context, calling Jesus "Lord" was a profound declaration of His divinity and sovereignty, especially in a Roman world where Caesar was often referred to as lord. This acknowledgment is central to Christian confession and identity.

Jesus Christ
This is the full name and title of the Savior, combining His human name "Jesus," which means "Yahweh saves," with "Christ," the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew "Messiah," meaning "Anointed One." This title affirms Jesus as the promised deliverer and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. It underscores His role as the mediator of the new covenant and the one through whom grace is dispensed.

be with
The phrase "be with" suggests a continuous presence and fellowship. In the Greek, the verb "eimi" (to be) implies an ongoing state. This reflects the Christian belief in the indwelling presence of Christ through the Holy Spirit, offering guidance, comfort, and strength to believers. It is a reminder of the intimate relationship between Christ and His followers.

your spirit
The term "spirit" here is translated from the Greek word "pneuma," which can refer to the human spirit, the Holy Spirit, or a general sense of life and vitality. In this context, it likely refers to the inner being of the believer, the seat of emotions, will, and moral action. Paul’s prayer is for the grace of Christ to permeate and influence the deepest part of the believer's life, transforming and renewing them.

brothers
The word "brothers" (Greek "adelphoi") is a term of endearment and solidarity among believers, indicating a familial relationship within the body of Christ. It reflects the early Christian understanding of the church as a family united by faith in Christ, transcending ethnic, social, and cultural barriers. This term emphasizes the communal aspect of the Christian faith, where believers are called to support and love one another.

Amen
The word "Amen" is a transliteration of a Hebrew word meaning "truly" or "so be it." It is used to affirm the truthfulness and certainty of a statement. In the context of Paul's letter, it serves as a solemn conclusion, underscoring the sincerity and earnestness of his benediction. It invites the reader to agree with and internalize the blessing pronounced, sealing the message with a note of divine assurance.

[The subscription, as it stands in our Bibles, appears for the first time in MSS. dating from about the beginning of the ninth century, though before this the Epistle had been described as written from Rome by Theodoret, Euthalius, and Jerome. We have seen that the choice really lies between Ephesus and Macedonia, or Corinth, and that the probability seems to be somewhat in favour of the latter.]

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