Exodus 33:2
New International Version
I will send an angel before you and drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites.

New Living Translation
And I will send an angel before you to drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

English Standard Version
I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

Berean Standard Bible
And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

King James Bible
And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

New King James Version
And I will send My Angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite and the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Jebusite.

New American Standard Bible
And I will send an angel before you and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

NASB 1995
“I will send an angel before you and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite and the Jebusite.

NASB 1977
“And I will send an angel before you and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite and the Jebusite.

Legacy Standard Bible
And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

Amplified Bible
I will send an Angel before you and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

Christian Standard Bible
I will send an angel ahead of you and will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I will send an angel ahead of you and will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

American Standard Version
and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

English Revised Version
and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
I will send a Messenger ahead of you, and I will force out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

Good News Translation
I will send an angel to guide you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

International Standard Version
I'll send an angel in front of you and I'll drive out the Canaanites, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

Majority Standard Bible
And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

NET Bible
I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

New Heart English Bible
I will send an angel before you; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hethite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

Webster's Bible Translation
And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

World English Bible
I will send an angel before you; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And I have sent a Messenger before you, and have cast out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

Young's Literal Translation
(and I have sent before thee a messenger, and have cast out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite,)

Smith's Literal Translation
And I sent a messenger before thee, and I drove out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And I will send an angel before thee, that I may cast out the Chanaanite, and the Amorrhite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And I will send an Angel to precede you, so that I may cast out the Canaanite, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite,

New American Bible
Driving out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites, I will send an angel before you

New Revised Standard Version
I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And I will send an angel before you; and he will destroy the Canaanites, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And LORD JEHOVAH said to Moshe, “Come up; go from here, you and your people whom you brought up from Egypt, to the land that I swore to Abraham and Isaac and Yaquuv and I said to them, ‘To your seed I shall give it.’
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite--

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And I will send at the same time my angel before thy face, and he shall cast out the Amorite and the Chettite, and the Pherezite and Gergesite, and Evite, and Jebusite, and Chananite.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Command to Leave Sinai
1Then the LORD said to Moses, “Leave this place, you and the people you brought up out of the land of Egypt, and go to the land that I promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob when I said, ‘I will give it to your descendants.’ 2And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. 3Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go with you, because you are a stiff-necked people; otherwise, I might destroy you on the way.”…

Cross References
Exodus 23:20-23
Behold, I am sending an angel before you to protect you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared. / Pay attention to him and listen to his voice; do not defy him, for he will not forgive rebellion, since My Name is in him. / But if you will listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes. ...

Numbers 20:16
and when we cried out to the LORD, He heard our voice, sent an angel, and brought us out of Egypt. Now look, we are in Kadesh, a city on the edge of your territory.

Judges 2:1-3
Now the angel of the LORD went up from Gilgal to Bochim and said, “I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land that I had promised to your fathers, and I said, ‘I will never break My covenant with you, / and you are not to make a covenant with the people of this land, but you shall tear down their altars.’ Yet you have not obeyed My voice. What is this you have done? / So now I tell you that I will not drive out these people before you; they will be thorns in your sides, and their gods will be a snare to you.”

Deuteronomy 7:1-2
When the LORD your God brings you into the land that you are entering to possess, and He drives out before you many nations—the Hittites, Girgashites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, seven nations larger and stronger than you— / and when the LORD your God has delivered them over to you to defeat them, then you must devote them to complete destruction. Make no treaty with them and show them no mercy.

Joshua 5:13-15
Now when Joshua was near Jericho, he looked up and saw a man standing in front of him with a drawn sword in His hand. Joshua approached Him and asked, “Are You for us or for our enemies?” / “Neither,” He replied. “I have now come as Commander of the LORD’s army.” Then Joshua fell facedown in reverence and asked Him, “What does my Lord have to say to His servant?” / The Commander of the LORD’s army replied, “Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy.” And Joshua did so.

Isaiah 63:9
In all their distress, He too was afflicted, and the Angel of His Presence saved them. In His love and compassion He redeemed them; He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.

Psalm 91:11
For He will command His angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways.

Genesis 24:7
The LORD, the God of heaven, who brought me from my father’s house and my native land, who spoke to me and promised me on oath, saying, ‘To your offspring I will give this land’—He will send His angel before you so that you can take a wife for my son from there.

2 Kings 19:35
And that very night the angel of the LORD went out and struck down 185,000 men in the camp of the Assyrians. When the people got up the next morning, there were all the dead bodies!

Daniel 6:22
My God sent His angel and shut the mouths of the lions. They have not hurt me, for I was found innocent in His sight, and I have done no wrong against you, O king.”

Matthew 4:11
Then the devil left Him, and angels came and ministered to Him.

Acts 7:30-35
After forty years had passed, an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush in the desert near Mount Sinai. / When Moses saw it, he marveled at the sight. As he approached to look more closely, the voice of the Lord came to him: / ‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look. ...

Hebrews 1:14
Are not the angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?

Revelation 22:16
“I, Jesus, have sent My angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, the bright Morning Star.”

Luke 1:19
“I am Gabriel,” replied the angel. “I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news.


Treasury of Scripture

And I will send an angel before you; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

an angel

Exodus 23:20
Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.

Exodus 32:34
Therefore now go, lead the people unto the place of which I have spoken unto thee: behold, mine Angel shall go before thee: nevertheless in the day when I visit I will visit their sin upon them.

Exodus 34:11
Observe thou that which I command thee this day: behold, I drive out before thee the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

the Canaanite

Exodus 3:8,17
And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites…

Deuteronomy 7:22
And the LORD thy God will put out those nations before thee by little and little: thou mayest not consume them at once, lest the beasts of the field increase upon thee.

Joshua 24:11
And ye went over Jordan, and came unto Jericho: and the men of Jericho fought against you, the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Girgashites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; and I delivered them into your hand.

Jump to Previous
Amorite Amorites Angel Canaanite Canaanites Cast Dispossess Drive Driving Hittite Hittites Hivite Hivites Jebusite Jebusites Jeb'usites Messenger Perizzite Perizzites Per'izzites
Jump to Next
Amorite Amorites Angel Canaanite Canaanites Cast Dispossess Drive Driving Hittite Hittites Hivite Hivites Jebusite Jebusites Jeb'usites Messenger Perizzite Perizzites Per'izzites
Exodus 33
1. The Lord refuses to go as he had promised with the people
4. The people mourn there
7. The tabernacle is removed out of the camp
9. The Lord talks familiarly with Moses
12. Moses prevails with God, and desires to see his glory














I will send an angel before you
In this phrase, the Hebrew word for "angel" is "מַלְאָךְ" (mal'akh), which can mean "messenger." In the context of Exodus, this angel is a divine envoy, representing God's presence and guidance. Historically, angels in the Old Testament often served as intermediaries between God and humanity, providing direction, protection, and communication of God's will. This promise of an angel signifies God's continued commitment to lead and protect the Israelites, even as they journey through the wilderness. It is a reassurance of divine presence, emphasizing that God’s plans and purposes will be fulfilled through His appointed means.

and drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites
The mention of these specific groups highlights the historical and geographical context of the Promised Land. Each of these nations occupied the land of Canaan, which God had promised to the descendants of Abraham. The Hebrew verb "drive out" (גָּרַשׁ, garash) implies a forceful removal, indicating that the Israelites would not merely coexist with these nations but would take possession of the land as their inheritance. This reflects the fulfillment of God's covenant promises and the establishment of a holy nation set apart for His purposes. The listing of these nations also serves as a reminder of the challenges and opposition the Israelites would face, yet it underscores God's sovereignty and power to overcome any obstacle in the fulfillment of His promises.

(2) I will send an angel before thee.--"An angel" is ambiguous. It might designate the Angel of the Covenant, the Angel of God's presence, as in Exodus 23:20; or it might mean a mere ordinary angel, on a par with those who presided over the destinies of other nations besides the Hebrews (Daniel 10:13; Daniel 10:20). That here the expression is used in this latter sense is made manifest by the declaration of the next verse: "I will not go up in the midst of thee."

Verse 2. - I will send an angel before thee. Note the change from "my angel" (Exodus 32:34) to "an angel;" which, however, would still have been ambiguous, but for what follows in ver. 3. The angel of God's presence is "an angel" in Exodus 23:20. I will drive out. The whole covenant had fallen with Israel's infraction of it, and it was for God to retract or renew his part of it as it pleased him. He here of his free grace renews the promise to drive out the Canaanitish nations. Compare Exodus 23:23-31.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And I will send
וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י (wə·šā·laḥ·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7971: To send away, for, out

an angel
מַלְאָ֑ךְ (mal·’āḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4397: A messenger, of God, an angel

before you
לְפָנֶ֖יךָ (lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440: The face

and drive out
וְגֵֽרַשְׁתִּ֗י (wə·ḡê·raš·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 1644: To drive out from a, possession, to expatriate, divorce

the Canaanites,
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ (hak·kə·na·‘ă·nî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3669: Canaanite -- inhabitant of Canaan

Amorites,
הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י (hā·’ĕ·mō·rî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 567: Amorites -- perhaps 'mountain dwellers', a Canaanite tribe

Hittites,
וְהַֽחִתִּי֙ (wə·ha·ḥit·tî)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2850: Hittite -- a Chittite

Perizzites,
וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י (wə·hap·pə·riz·zî)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6522: Perizzite -- a people in the land of Canaan

Hivites,
הַחִוִּ֖י (ha·ḥiw·wî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2340: Hivite -- a Chivvite

and Jebusites.
וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃ (wə·hay·ḇū·sî)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2983: Jebusite -- inhabitant of Jebus


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OT Law: Exodus 33:2 I will send an angel before you (Exo. Ex)
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