1 Kings 10:5
New International Version
the food on his table, the seating of his officials, the attending servants in their robes, his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he made at the temple of the LORD, she was overwhelmed.

New Living Translation
she was overwhelmed. She was also amazed at the food on his tables, the organization of his officials and their splendid clothing, the cup-bearers, and the burnt offerings Solomon made at the Temple of the LORD.

English Standard Version
the food of his table, the seating of his officials, and the attendance of his servants, their clothing, his cupbearers, and his burnt offerings that he offered at the house of the LORD, there was no more breath in her.

Berean Standard Bible
the food at his table, the seating of his servants, the service and attire of his attendants and cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD, it took her breath away.

King James Bible
And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his ascent by which he went up unto the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in her.

New King James Version
the food on his table, the seating of his servants, the service of his waiters and their apparel, his cupbearers, and his entryway by which he went up to the house of the LORD, there was no more spirit in her.

New American Standard Bible
and the food of his table, the seating of his servants, the service of his waiters and their attire, his cupbearers, and his burnt offerings which he offered at the house of the LORD, she was breathless.

NASB 1995
the food of his table, the seating of his servants, the attendance of his waiters and their attire, his cupbearers, and his stairway by which he went up to the house of the LORD, there was no more spirit in her.

NASB 1977
the food of his table, the seating of his servants, the attendance of his waiters and their attire, his cupbearers, and his stairway by which he went up to the house of the LORD, there was no more spirit in her.

Legacy Standard Bible
the food of his table, the seating of his servants, the disposition of his attendants and their attire, his cupbearers, and his stairway by which he went up to the house of Yahweh, so that there was no more spirit in her.

Amplified Bible
the food on his table, the seating of his servants (court officials), the attendance of his waiters and their attire, his cupbearers, his stairway by which he went up to the house (temple) of the LORD, she was breathless and awed [by the wonder of it all].

Christian Standard Bible
the food at his table, his servants’ residence, his attendants’ service and their attire, his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he offered at the LORD’s temple, it took her breath away.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
the food at his table, his servants’ residence, his attendants’ service and their attire, his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he offered at the LORD’s temple, it took her breath away.

American Standard Version
and the food of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his ascent by which he went up unto the house of Jehovah; there was no more spirit in her.

English Revised Version
and the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his ascent by which he went up unto the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in her.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
the food on his table, his officers' seating arrangement, the organization of his officials and the uniforms they wore, his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings that he sacrificed at the LORD's temple, she was breathless.

Good News Translation
She saw the food that was served at his table, the living quarters for his officials, the organization of his palace staff and the uniforms they wore, the servants who waited on him at feasts, and the sacrifices he offered in the Temple. It left her breathless and amazed.

International Standard Version
the food set at his table, his servants who sat with him, his ministers in attendance and how they were dressed, his personal staff and how they were dressed, and even his personal stairway by which he went up to the LORD's Temple, she was breathless!

Majority Standard Bible
the food at his table, the seating of his servants, the service and attire of his attendants and cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD, it took her breath away.

NET Bible
the food in his banquet hall, his servants and attendants, their robes, his cupbearers, and his burnt offerings which he presented in the LORD's temple, she was amazed.

New Heart English Bible
and the food of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their clothing, and his cup bearers, and his burnt offerings which he presented at the house of the LORD; it left her breathless.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the provisions of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cup-bearers, and his ascent by which he went up to the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in her.

World English Bible
the food of his table, the sitting of his servants, the attendance of his officials, their clothing, his cup bearers, and his ascent by which he went up to Yahweh’s house, there was no more spirit in her.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and the food of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the standing of his ministers, and their clothing, and his butlers, and his burnt-offering that he causes to ascend in the house of YHWH, and there has not been anymore spirit in her.

Young's Literal Translation
and the food of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the standing of his ministers, and their clothing, and his butlers, and his burnt-offering that he causeth to ascend in the house of Jehovah, and there hath not been in her any more spirit.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the food of his table, and the seats of his servants, and the standing of his attendants, and their vestments, and his cup-bearers, and his burnt-offerings which he will bring up to the house of Jehovah; and no more spirit was in her.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the meat of his table, and the apartments of his servants, and the order of his ministers, and their apparel, and the cupbearers, and the holocausts, which he offered in the house of the Lord: she had no longer any spirit in her,

Catholic Public Domain Version
and the food of his table, and the dwelling places of his servants, and the rows of his ministers, and their apparel, and the cupbearers, and the holocausts that he was offering in the house of the Lord, she had no longer any spirit in her.

New American Bible
the food at his table, the seating of his ministers, the attendance and dress of his waiters, his servers, and the burnt offerings he offered in the house of the LORD, it took her breath away.

New Revised Standard Version
the food of his table, the seating of his officials, and the attendance of his servants, their clothing, his valets, and his burnt offerings that he offered at the house of the LORD, there was no more spirit in her.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the food of his table and the order in which his servants sat and the attendance of his ministers and their apparel, and his cupbearers and their clothing and his burnt offerings which he offered in the house of the LORD, she was greatly overcome.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the food of his table and the seating of his Servants, and the standing of his Ministers, and their garments, and his Cupbearers, and their clothing, and his burnt offerings which he offered up in the house of LORD JEHOVAH, and no more spirit was left in her.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and the food of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his burnt-offering which he offered in the house of the LORD, there was no more spirit in her.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
and the provision of Solomon and the sitting of his attendants, and the standing of his servants, and his raiment, and his cup-bearers, and his whole-burnt-offering which he offered in the house of the Lord, and she was utterly amazed.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Queen of Sheba
4When the queen of Sheba saw all the wisdom of Solomon, the palace he had built, 5the food at his table, the seating of his servants, the service and attire of his attendants and cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD, it took her breath away. 6She said to the king, “The report I heard in my own country about your words and wisdom is true.…

Cross References
2 Chronicles 9:4
the food at his table, the seating of his servants, the service and attire of his attendants, the attire of his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD, it took her breath away.

Matthew 12:42
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.

2 Chronicles 9:3-4
When the queen of Sheba saw the wisdom of Solomon, the palace he had built, / the food at his table, the seating of his servants, the service and attire of his attendants, the attire of his cupbearers, and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD, it took her breath away.

Luke 11:31
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.

1 Kings 4:29-34
And God gave Solomon wisdom, exceedingly deep insight, and understanding beyond measure, like the sand on the seashore. / Solomon’s wisdom was greater than that of all the men of the East, greater than all the wisdom of Egypt. / He was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and wiser than Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. And his fame spread throughout the surrounding nations. ...

2 Chronicles 9:6
But I did not believe the reports until I came and saw with my own eyes. Indeed, not half of the greatness of your wisdom was told to me. You have far exceeded the report I heard.

1 Kings 3:12-13
behold, I will do what you have asked. I will give you a wise and discerning heart, so that there will never have been another like you, nor will there ever be. / Moreover, I will give you what you did not request—both riches and honor—so that during all your days no man in any kingdom will be your equal.

1 Kings 4:1-28
So King Solomon ruled over Israel, / and these were his chief officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest; / Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; ...

1 Kings 9:1-9
Now when Solomon had finished building the house of the LORD and the royal palace, and had achieved all that he had desired to do, / the LORD appeared to him a second time, as He had appeared to him at Gibeon. / And the LORD said to him: “I have heard your prayer and petition before Me. I have consecrated this temple, which you have built, by putting My Name there forever; My eyes and My heart will be there for all time. ...

2 Chronicles 9:1-2
Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon, she came to test him with difficult questions. She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke with him about all that was on her mind. / And Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too difficult for him to explain.

1 Kings 10:23-25
So King Solomon surpassed all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom. / The whole world sought an audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom that God had put in his heart. / Year after year, each visitor would bring his tribute: articles of silver and gold, clothing, weapons, spices, horses, and mules.

1 Kings 5:7
When Hiram received Solomon’s message, he rejoiced greatly and said, “Blessed be the LORD this day! He has given David a wise son over this great people!”

1 Kings 10:6-7
She said to the king, “The report I heard in my own country about your words and wisdom is true. / But I did not believe these things until I came and saw with my own eyes. Indeed, not even half was told to me. Your wisdom and prosperity have far exceeded the report I heard.

1 Kings 10:8
How blessed are your men! How blessed are these servants of yours who stand continually before you and hear your wisdom!

1 Kings 10:9
Blessed be the LORD your God, who has delighted in you to set you on the throne of Israel. Because of the LORD’s eternal love for Israel, He has made you king to carry out justice and righteousness.”


Treasury of Scripture

And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel, and his cupbearers, and his ascent by which he went up to the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in her.

the meat

1 Kings 4:22,23
And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal, …

attendance [heb] standing

2 Kings 16:18
And the covert for the sabbath that they had built in the house, and the king's entry without, turned he from the house of the LORD for the king of Assyria.

1 Chronicles 9:18
Who hitherto waited in the king's gate eastward: they were porters in the companies of the children of Levi.

1 Chronicles 26:16
To Shuppim and Hosah the lot came forth westward, with the gate Shallecheth, by the causeway of the going up, ward against ward.

there was no

Joshua 5:1
And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which were by the sea, heard that the LORD had dried up the waters of Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.

2 Chronicles 9:4
And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants, and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel; his cupbearers also, and their apparel; and his ascent by which he went up into the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in her.

Jump to Previous
Apparel Ascend Ascent Attendance Attendants Attending Attire Bearers Burnt Burnt-Offering Causeth Clothing Cup Cupbearers Cup-Bearers Deportment Food House Meat Ministers Offered Offerings Officials Order Overwhelmed Places Provisions Robes s Seated Seating Servants Service Sitting Spirit Stairway Standing Table Temple Waiting Wine-Servants
Jump to Next
Apparel Ascend Ascent Attendance Attendants Attending Attire Bearers Burnt Burnt-Offering Causeth Clothing Cup Cupbearers Cup-Bearers Deportment Food House Meat Ministers Offered Offerings Officials Order Overwhelmed Places Provisions Robes s Seated Seating Servants Service Sitting Spirit Stairway Standing Table Temple Waiting Wine-Servants
1 Kings 10
1. The queen of Sheba admires the wisdom of Solomon
14. Solomon's gold
16. His targets
18. The throne of ivory
21. His vessels
24. His presents
26. his chariots and horse
28. his tribute














the food at his table
This phrase highlights the abundance and quality of Solomon's provisions, reflecting the prosperity and divine blessing upon his reign. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a king's table was a symbol of his wealth and the stability of his kingdom. The Hebrew word for "food" (מַאֲכָל, ma'akal) suggests not just sustenance but a lavish feast, indicative of God's favor and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel.

the seating of his servants
The arrangement and order of Solomon's court demonstrate the wisdom and organization of his administration. The Hebrew root for "seating" (מוֹשָׁב, moshav) implies a structured and hierarchical society, where each person knows their place and role. This orderliness is a reflection of divine order, as God is a God of peace and not confusion (1 Corinthians 14:33).

the service and attire of his attendants
The service (מִשְׁרָת, mishrat) and attire (מַלְבּוּשׁ, malbush) of Solomon's attendants speak to the excellence and splendor of his court. The meticulous attention to detail in their service and clothing reflects the glory and majesty of Solomon's kingdom, which in turn points to the greater glory of God's kingdom. The attire signifies dignity and honor, reminiscent of the priestly garments described in Exodus, symbolizing purity and holiness.

his cupbearers
The role of the cupbearer (מַשְׁקֶה, mashqeh) was one of great trust and intimacy, as they were responsible for the king's safety and well-being. This position required loyalty and integrity, reflecting the high standards of Solomon's court. The presence of cupbearers underscores the security and peace of Solomon's reign, a peace that is ultimately rooted in God's covenant with Israel.

and the burnt offerings he presented at the house of the LORD
The burnt offerings (עוֹלָה, olah) signify Solomon's devotion and obedience to God. These offerings were a central aspect of Israelite worship, symbolizing atonement and dedication. Solomon's commitment to worship at the temple demonstrates his acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and his role as a servant leader under God's authority. This act of worship is a reminder of the importance of maintaining a relationship with God through sacrifice and obedience.

it took her breath away
The Queen of Sheba's reaction (רוּחַ, ruach) to Solomon's wisdom and the splendor of his kingdom is one of awe and wonder. Her breathlessness signifies the overwhelming impression of God's blessing upon Solomon. This encounter serves as a testament to the fulfillment of God's promises and the impact of His wisdom and glory on the nations. It foreshadows the ultimate revelation of God's glory in Christ, who is greater than Solomon (Matthew 12:42).

Verse 5. - And the meat of his table [1 Kings 4:22, 23], and the sitting ["The rooms of the courtiers in attendance" (Keil). But מוָשב may mean an assembly (Psalm 1:1), and possibly the queen saw them when gathered together for a meal] of his servants, and the attendance [Heb. standing. According to Keil, "the rooms of the inferior servants." But ver. 8 appears to be decisive against this view] of his ministers [i.e., those who ministered to him. The word "servants" is, perhaps, to be understood of state officers; the word "ministers" of personal attendants (as in Acts 13:5, etc.) That the latter were an inferior class, the "standing" shows], and their apparel [cf. Matthew 6:29. The rich and costly dress of Eastern courtiers and attendants is sometimes furnished by the king (Genesis 45:22; 1 Samuel 18:4; 2 Kings 5:5; Daniel 5:7; Esther 5:8; 1 Macc. 10:20. Cf. Chardin, "Voyage en Perse," 3:230], and his cupbearers [By this word Keil would understand "drinking arrangements." But see 2 Chronicles 9:4, "cupbearers (same word) and their apparel"], and his ascent [עֹלָתו. It is somewhat doubtful whether we are to interpret this word, ascent, or burnt offering. 2 Kings 16:18, 1 Chronicles 26:16, Ezekiel 40:26 make for the former, and the chronicler has עֲלִיָּתו. which undoubtedly means "ascent." But all the translations understand the word of burnt offerings - the LXX. has καὶ τὴν ὀλοκαύτωσιν ( and the word, "which occurs at least 300 times in the Bible," always (with one exception) signifies burnt offering. It is objected against this interpretation

(1) that we should require the plural, i.e., "burnt offerings;" but this is by no means certain, as the historian may refer to one particular holocaust (see 1 Kings 9:25) which the queen witnessed; and

(2) that the sight of burnt offerings could not have caused her any astonishment (Keil). But their prodigious number may surely have done so; and we are certainly to understand that Solomon was remarkable for the scale of his sacrifices. Considering, however, that the word undoubtedly means "ascent" in Ezekiel 40:26, and that it is so paraphrased by the chronicler, it is perhaps safer to retain this rendering here]; there was no more spirit in her [same expression Joshua 5:1, and cf. 2:11. For various legends as to this queen, see Stanley, "Jewish Ch." 2. pp. 234-236].

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the food
וּמַאֲכַ֣ל (ū·ma·’ă·ḵal)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3978: An eatable

at his table,
שֻׁלְחָנ֡וֹ (šul·ḥā·nōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7979: A table, a meal

the seating
וּמוֹשַׁ֣ב (ū·mō·wō·šaḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4186: A seat, assembly, dwelling place, dwelling, dwellers

of his servants,
עֲבָדָיו֩ (‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5650: Slave, servant

the service
וּמַעֲמַ֨ד (ū·ma·‘ă·maḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4612: Office, function, service

and attire
וּמַלְבֻּֽשֵׁיהֶם֙ (ū·mal·bu·šê·hem)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 4403: A garment, clothing

of his attendants
מְשָׁרְתָ֜יו (mə·šā·rə·ṯāw)
Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 8334: To attend as a, menial, worshipper, to contribute to

and cupbearers,
וּמַשְׁקָ֔יו (ū·maš·qāw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4945: Causing to drink, a butler, drink, a well-watered region

and the burnt offerings
וְעֹ֣לָת֔וֹ (wə·‘ō·lā·ṯōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5930: Whole burnt offering

he presented
יַעֲלֶ֖ה (ya·‘ă·leh)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5927: To ascend, in, actively

at the house
בֵּ֣ית (bêṯ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1004: A house

of the LORD,
יְהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

it took her breath
רֽוּחַ׃ (rū·aḥ)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 7307: Wind, breath, exhalation, life, anger, unsubstantiality, a region of the sky, spirit

away.
וְלֹא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no


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OT History: 1 Kings 10:5 And the food of his table (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg)
1 Kings 10:4
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