wisdom
The Hebrew term "חָכְמָה" (chokmah) is rich in meaning, encompassing skill, shrewdness, and prudence. In the biblical context, wisdom is more than intellectual knowledge; it is the ability to make godly choices in everyday life. Wisdom in Proverbs is personified and is seen as a guiding force that leads to a life of righteousness and peace. The pursuit of wisdom is a central theme in the Bible, reflecting a deep-seated belief that true wisdom begins with the fear of the Lord (Proverbs 9:10).

and discipline
The word "מוּסָר" (musar) in Hebrew refers to instruction, correction, or chastening. Discipline in the biblical sense is not punitive but corrective, aimed at guiding individuals toward moral and spiritual maturity. The concept of discipline is integral to the process of sanctification, where believers are shaped and molded into the likeness of Christ. Historically, discipline was seen as a sign of God's love and care, as a father disciplines the son he delights in (Proverbs 3:12).

for understanding
The Hebrew word "בִּין" (bin) implies discernment, insight, and the ability to perceive the true nature of things. Understanding in Proverbs is about seeing beyond the surface and grasping the deeper truths of life. It involves a heart that is attuned to God's wisdom and a mind that is open to His guidance. In the biblical narrative, understanding is often linked with wisdom, as both are necessary for living a life that pleases God.

insightful sayings
The phrase "דִּבְרֵי בִינָה" (divrei vinah) refers to words or expressions that convey deep understanding and insight. These sayings are not just clever aphorisms but are divinely inspired truths that offer guidance and direction. In the context of Proverbs, these sayings are meant to be meditated upon and applied to one's life. They serve as a source of light in a world often clouded by confusion and moral ambiguity. The historical context of Proverbs as a collection of wisdom literature highlights the value placed on such sayings in guiding individuals and communities toward a life of righteousness and justice.

Wisdom (chokhmah).--The original meaning of this word is "firmness," "solidity," having an opinion based upon sound reasons; the opposite state of mind to being "carried about with every wind of doctrine" (Ephesians 4:14).

Instruction (m-s?r).--Or rather, discipline, the knowledge how to keep oneself under control. (Comp. 2Peter 1:6 : "Add to your knowledge temperance," or self-control.)

To perceive the words of understanding.--Comp. Hebrews 5:14 : "To have the senses exercised to discern both good and evil." (Comp. also Philippians 1:10.) The opposite condition to this is having the heart made "fat" (Isaiah 6:10) by continuance in evil, so that it can no longer understand. . . .

(1) the "power of judging," derived from צּצּצּ, "to be wise," from the Arabic, "to judge" (Oesenlus); or

(2) "the fixing of a thing for cognition," derived from the Arabic equivalent of the Hebrew חָכַם, as before, which signifies "to fasten" (Zockler), or "compactness," from the same root as before, "to be firm, or closed." It is also variously defined

(1) as "insight into that upright dealing which pleases God - a knowledge of the right way which is to be followed before God, and of the wrong one which is to be shunned" (Zockler); . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...