Philippians 4:22
New International Version
All God’s people here send you greetings, especially those who belong to Caesar’s household.

New Living Translation
And all the rest of God’s people send you greetings, too, especially those in Caesar’s household.

English Standard Version
All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

Berean Standard Bible
All the saints send you greetings, especially those from the household of Caesar.

Berean Literal Bible
All the saints greet you, and especially those of the household of Caesar.

King James Bible
All the saints salute you, chiefly they that are of Caesar's household.

New King James Version
All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar’s household.

New American Standard Bible
All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

NASB 1995
All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

NASB 1977
All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

Legacy Standard Bible
All the saints greet you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

Amplified Bible
All God’s people wish to be remembered to you, especially those of Caesar’s household.

Christian Standard Bible
All the saints send you greetings, especially those who belong to Caesar’s household.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
All the saints greet you, but especially those from Caesar’s household.

American Standard Version
All the saints salute you, especially they that are of Cæsar's household.

Contemporary English Version
All of God's people send their greetings, especially those in the service of the Emperor.

English Revised Version
All the saints salute you, especially they that are of Caesar's household.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
All God's people here, especially those in the emperor's palace, greet you.

Good News Translation
All God's people here send greetings, especially those who belong to the Emperor's palace.

International Standard Version
All the saints, especially those of the emperor's household, greet you.

Majority Standard Bible
All the saints send you greetings, especially those from the household of Caesar.

NET Bible
All the saints greet you, especially those who belong to Caesar's household.

New Heart English Bible
All the saints greet you, especially those who are of Caesar's household.

Webster's Bible Translation
All the saints salute you, chiefly they that are of Cesar's household.

Weymouth New Testament
All God's people here greet you--especially the members of Caesar's household.

World English Bible
All the saints greet you, especially those who are of Caesar’s household.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
all the holy ones greet you, and especially those of Caesar’s house.

Berean Literal Bible
All the saints greet you, and especially those of the household of Caesar.

Young's Literal Translation
there salute you all the saints, and specially those of Caesar's house;

Smith's Literal Translation
All the holy greet you, and chiefly they from Caesar's house.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The brethren who are with me, salute you. All the saints salute you; especially they that are of Caesar's household.

Catholic Public Domain Version
The brothers who are with me greet you. All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar’s household.

New American Bible
all the holy ones send you their greetings, especially those of Caesar’s household.

New Revised Standard Version
All the saints greet you, especially those of the emperor’s household.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
All the saints salute you, especially those who are of Cæsar’s household.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
All The Holy Ones invoke your peace, especially these of the household of Caesar.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
All the saints salute you, especially those who are of Caesar's household.

Godbey New Testament
All the saints, and especially those from the house of Caesar, salute you.

Haweis New Testament
All the saints salute you, specially those who are of Cæsar’s household.

Mace New Testament
all the converts here salute you, particularly those of Cesar's houshold.

Weymouth New Testament
All God's people here greet you--especially the members of Caesar's household.

Worrell New Testament
All the saints salute you, but especially those who are of Caesar's household.

Worsley New Testament
and all the saints here salute you, but especially those of Cesar's household.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Final Greetings
21Greet all the saints in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me send you greetings. 22All the saints send you greetings, especially those from the household of Caesar. 23The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.…

Cross References
Acts 28:30-31
Paul stayed there two full years in his own rented house, welcoming all who came to visit him. / Boldly and freely he proclaimed the kingdom of God and taught about the Lord Jesus Christ.

Romans 16:23
Gaius, who has hosted me and all the church, sends you greetings. Erastus, the city treasurer, sends you greetings, as does our brother Quartus.

1 Corinthians 16:19
The churches in the province of Asia send you greetings. Aquila and Prisca greet you warmly in the Lord, and so does the church that meets at their house.

Colossians 4:10-11
My fellow prisoner Aristarchus sends you greetings, as does Mark the cousin of Barnabas. You have already received instructions about him: If he comes to you, welcome him. / Jesus, who is called Justus, also sends greetings. These are the only Jews among my fellow workers for the kingdom of God, and they have been a comfort to me.

Colossians 4:12-14
Epaphras, who is one of you and a servant of Christ Jesus, sends you greetings. He is always wrestling in prayer for you, so that you may stand mature and fully assured in the full will of God. / For I testify about him that he goes to great pains for you and for those at Laodicea and Hierapolis. / Luke, the beloved physician, and Demas send you greetings.

2 Timothy 4:21
Make every effort to come to me before winter. Eubulus sends you greetings, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers.

Philemon 1:23-24
Epaphras, my fellow prisoner in Christ Jesus, sends you greetings, / as do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, and Luke, my fellow workers.

Acts 16:12
From there we went to the Roman colony of Philippi, the leading city of that district of Macedonia. And we stayed there several days.

Acts 16:40
After Paul and Silas came out of the prison, they went to Lydia’s house to see the brothers and encourage them. Then they left the city.

Romans 1:7
To all in Rome who are loved by God and called to be saints: Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Romans 16:16
Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ send you greetings.

1 Corinthians 1:2
To the church of God in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus and called to be holy, together with all those everywhere who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours:

2 Corinthians 13:13
All the saints send you greetings.

Ephesians 1:1
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, To the saints in Ephesus, the faithful in Christ Jesus:

Colossians 1:2
To the saints and faithful brothers in Christ at Colossae: Grace and peace to you from God our Father.


Treasury of Scripture

All the saints salute you, chiefly they that are of Caesar's household.

the.

Romans 16:16
Salute one another with an holy kiss. The churches of Christ salute you.

2 Corinthians 13:13
All the saints salute you.

Hebrews 13:24
Salute all them that have the rule over you, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you.

they.

Philippians 1:13
So that my bonds in Christ are manifest in all the palace, and in all other places;

Caesar's.

Jump to Previous
Belong Caesar Caesar's Cesar's Chiefly Especially God's Greet Greetings House Household Love Members Saints Salute Specially
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Belong Caesar Caesar's Cesar's Chiefly Especially God's Greet Greetings House Household Love Members Saints Salute Specially
Philippians 4
1. From particular admonitions,
4. he proceeds to general exhortations,
10. showing how he rejoiced at their generosity toward him while in prison.
19. And so he concludes with prayer and salutations.














All the saints
The phrase "All the saints" refers to the collective body of believers in Christ. In the early church, the term "saints" (Greek: ἅγιοι, hagioi) was used to describe those who were set apart for God, sanctified by their faith in Jesus Christ. This designation underscores the communal aspect of the Christian faith, emphasizing that believers are part of a larger family, united in their devotion to Christ. Historically, the early Christian communities were tightly knit, often facing persecution together, which strengthened their bonds and commitment to one another.

send you greetings
The act of sending greetings was a common practice in ancient letters, serving as a means of expressing fellowship and mutual concern. In the context of Philippians, it reflects the deep relational ties between Paul and the Philippian church. The Greek word for "greetings" (ἀσπάζομαι, aspazomai) conveys a sense of warmth and affection, indicating that the message is not merely formal but heartfelt. This practice of sending greetings highlights the importance of maintaining connections within the body of Christ, even across distances.

especially those
The phrase "especially those" indicates a particular emphasis or distinction within the group being addressed. It suggests that among the saints, there is a subset that holds a special significance or has a unique relationship with the recipients of the letter. This distinction serves to draw attention to a specific group that has a noteworthy connection to the message being conveyed.

from the household of Caesar
This phrase is particularly intriguing, as it refers to believers who were part of the imperial household in Rome. The "household of Caesar" (Greek: οἰκία Καίσαρος, oikia Kaisaros) would have included not only family members but also slaves, freedmen, and officials who served in various capacities. The presence of Christians within Caesar's household is a testament to the far-reaching impact of the Gospel, penetrating even the highest echelons of Roman society. Historically, this highlights the subversive and transformative power of the Christian message, which transcended social and political boundaries, bringing people from all walks of life into the fold of the church. This also serves as an encouragement to believers, demonstrating that the Gospel can flourish in any environment, even in places of power and influence.

(22) of Caesar's household.--The "household of Caesar" included a multitude of persons of all ages and ranks and occupations. Dr. Lightfoot, in a very interesting excursus on this verse, remarking that these Christians of Caesar's household are alluded to as if well known to the Philippians, has examined the various names mentioned in Romans 16. (three years before this time), and finds many of them identical with names actually found in sepulchral inscriptions, as belonging to members of the "domus Augusta," or imperial household. These were earlier converts; but, wherever St. Paul's prison was, he can hardly have failed to gain through the praetorians some communication with the household of the emperor, whose body-guard they were; and the allusion here seems to show that for some reason these Christians of Caesar's household were in an especial familiarity of intercourse with him. Probably, therefore, he had added from that household new converts to Christ; and he mentions this here, as he had before spoken of his bonds being made manifest in the "praetorium" (Philippians 1:13), in order to show the Philippians that his very imprisonment had given special opportunity for the spread of the gospel.

Verse 22. - All the saints salute you, chiefly they that are of Caesar's household. All the Christians at Rome, not only St. Paul's personal friends and companions. It is not clear why he lays a special stress on those belonging to Nero's household. The reason given by Chrysostom seems somewhat fanciful: "If those who dwelt in palaces despised all things for the sake of the King of heaven, much more should the Philippians do so." Some of them may have been known to the Philippian Christians. The term familia or domus Caesaris included all ranks, from the highest official to the lowest freedman or slave. It is probable that those alluded to here belonged to the humbler classes. But at any rate St. Paul's words prove that his preaching had penetrated into that abyss of all infamy, the palace of Nero. (For the Christianity of Seneca, and the supposed correspondence between him and St. Paul see Bishop Lightfoot's dissertation on 'St. Paul and Seneca.' See also his detached note on 'Caesar's Household.')

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
All
πάντες (pantes)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3956: All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.

the
οἱ (hoi)
Article - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

saints
ἅγιοι (hagioi)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 40: Set apart by (or for) God, holy, sacred. From hagos; sacred.

send you greetings,
Ἀσπάζονται (Aspazontai)
Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 782: To greet, salute, pay my respects to, welcome. To enfold in the arms, i.e. to salute, to welcome.

especially
μάλιστα (malista)
Adverb
Strong's 3122: Most of all, especially. Neuter plural of the superlative of an apparently primary adverb mala; most or particularly.

those
οἱ (hoi)
Article - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

from
ἐκ (ek)
Preposition
Strong's 1537: From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.

the
τῆς (tēs)
Article - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

household
οἰκίας (oikias)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 3614: From oikos; properly, residence, but usually an abode; by implication, a family.

of Caesar.
Καίσαρος (Kaisaros)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2541: Of Latin origin; Caesar, a title of the Roman emperor.


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NT Letters: Philippians 4:22 All the saints greet you especially those (Philipp. Phil. Php.)
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