Numbers 14:18
New International Version
The LORD is slow to anger, abounding in love and forgiving sin and rebellion. Yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished; he punishes the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation.’

New Living Translation
‘The LORD is slow to anger and filled with unfailing love, forgiving every kind of sin and rebellion. But he does not excuse the guilty. He lays the sins of the parents upon their children; the entire family is affected—even children in the third and fourth generations.’

English Standard Version
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love, forgiving iniquity and transgression, but he will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, to the third and the fourth generation.’

Berean Standard Bible
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

King James Bible
The LORD is longsuffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation.

New King James Version
‘The LORD is longsuffering and abundant in mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression; but He by no means clears the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation.

New American Standard Bible
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abundant in mercy, forgiving wrongdoing and violation of His Law; but He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished, inflicting the punishment of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generations.

NASB 1995
The LORD is slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; but He will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generations.’

NASB 1977
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; but He will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generations.

Legacy Standard Bible
‘Yahweh is slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; but He will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generations.’

Amplified Bible
‘The LORD is slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving wickedness and transgression; but He will by no means clear the guilty, visiting (avenging) the wickedness and guilt of the fathers on the children, to the third and fourth generations [that is, calling the children to account for the sins of their fathers].’

Christian Standard Bible
The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in faithful love, forgiving iniquity and rebellion. But he will not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children to the third and fourth generation.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The LORD is slow to anger and rich in faithful love, forgiving wrongdoing and rebellion. But He will not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ wrongdoing on the children to the third and fourth generation.

American Standard Version
Jehovah is slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; and that will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation.

Contemporary English Version
that you love to show mercy and kindness. And you said that you are very patient, but that you will punish everyone guilty of doing wrong--not only them but their children and grandchildren as well.

English Revised Version
The LORD is slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
'The LORD...patient, forever loving.... He forgives wrongdoing and disobedience.... He never lets the guilty go unpunished, punishing children... for their parents' sins to the third and fourth generation....'

Good News Translation
'I, the LORD, am not easily angered, and I show great love and faithfulness and forgive sin and rebellion. Yet I will not fail to punish children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation for the sins of their parents.'

International Standard Version
The LORD is slow to anger and abundant in faithful love, forgiving iniquity and transgression, but he won't acquit the guilty. He recalls the iniquity of fathers to the third and fourth generation.'

Majority Standard Bible
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

NET Bible
The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loyal love, forgiving iniquity and transgression, but by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children until the third and fourth generations.'

New Heart English Bible
The LORD is slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, forgiving iniquity and disobedience; and that will by no means clear [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, and upon the children's children, on the third and on the fourth [generation].'

Webster's Bible Translation
The LORD is long-suffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generation.

World English Bible
‘Yahweh is slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, forgiving iniquity and disobedience; and he will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation.’
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
YHWH [is] slow to anger and of great kindness, bearing away iniquity and transgression, and not entirely acquitting, charging iniquity of fathers on sons, on a third and on a fourth [generation]—

Young's Literal Translation
Jehovah is slow to anger, and of great kindness; bearing away iniquity and transgression, and not entirely acquitting, charging iniquity of fathers on sons, on a third generation, and on a fourth; --

Smith's Literal Translation
Jehovah, slow to anger and of great kindness, lifting up iniquity and transgression and cleansing, will not cleanse; striking the iniquity of the fathers upon the sons, upon the third, and upon the fourth.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The Lord is patient and full of mercy, taking away iniquity and wickedness, and leaving no man clear, who visitest the sins of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation.

Catholic Public Domain Version
‘The Lord is patient and full of mercy, taking away iniquity and wickedness, and forsaking no one who is harmless. He visits the sins of the fathers upon the sons, to the third and fourth generation.’

New American Bible
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in kindness, forgiving iniquity and rebellion; yet certainly not declaring the guilty guiltless, but punishing children to the third and fourth generation for their parents’ iniquity.’

New Revised Standard Version
‘The LORD is slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love, forgiving iniquity and transgression, but by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the parents upon the children to the third and the fourth generation.’
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The LORD is longsuffering and of great mercy, and thou forgivest iniquity and transgression, by no means clearing the guilty, but visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children and upon their children's children to the third and fourth generation.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
LORD JEHOVAH, your Spirit is patient and your kindness abundant, and you forgive evil and sin and you do not justify to justify; you order the lovedebts of the fathers on the children and upon the children of the children, upon three and upon four generations.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The LORD is slow to anger, and plenteous in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The Lord is long-suffering and merciful, and true, removing transgressions and iniquities and sins, and he will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the sins of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generation.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Moses Intercedes for the People
17So now I pray, may the power of my Lord be magnified, just as You have declared: 18‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’ 19Pardon, I pray, the iniquity of this people, in keeping with the greatness of Your loving devotion, just as You have forgiven them ever since they left Egypt.”…

Cross References
Exodus 34:6-7
Then the LORD passed in front of Moses and called out: “The LORD, the LORD God, is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion and faithfulness, / maintaining loving devotion to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers on their children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generations.”

Psalm 103:8-10
The LORD is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion. / He will not always accuse us, nor harbor His anger forever. / He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.

Joel 2:13
So rend your hearts and not your garments, and return to the LORD your God. For He is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion. And He relents from sending disaster.

Nehemiah 9:17
They refused to listen and failed to remember the wonders You performed among them. They stiffened their necks and appointed a leader to return them to their bondage in Egypt. But You are a forgiving God, gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in loving devotion, and You did not forsake them.

Psalm 86:15
But You, O Lord, are a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion and faithfulness.

Psalm 145:8
The LORD is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion.

Jonah 4:2
So he prayed to the LORD, saying, “O LORD, is this not what I said while I was still in my own country? This is why I was so quick to flee toward Tarshish. I knew that You are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion—One who relents from sending disaster.

Micah 7:18-19
Who is a God like You, who pardons iniquity and passes over the transgression of the remnant of His inheritance—who does not retain His anger forever, because He delights in loving devotion? / He will again have compassion on us; He will vanquish our iniquities. You will cast out all our sins into the depths of the sea.

Lamentations 3:32-33
Even if He causes grief, He will show compassion according to His abundant loving devotion. / For He does not willingly afflict or grieve the sons of men.

Isaiah 55:7
Let the wicked man forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts; let him return to the LORD, that He may have compassion, and to our God, for He will freely pardon.

Jeremiah 32:18-19
You show loving devotion to thousands but lay the iniquity of the fathers into the laps of their children after them, O great and mighty God whose name is the LORD of Hosts, / the One great in counsel and mighty in deed, whose eyes are on all the ways of the sons of men, to reward each one according to his ways and according to the fruit of his deeds.

Daniel 9:9
To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness, even though we have rebelled against Him

Matthew 18:21-22
Then Peter came to Jesus and asked, “Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother who sins against me? Up to seven times?” / Jesus answered, “I tell you, not just seven times, but seventy-seven times!

Luke 6:36
Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful.

Ephesians 4:32
Be kind and tenderhearted to one another, forgiving each other just as in Christ God forgave you.


Treasury of Scripture

The LORD is long-suffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation.

long-suffering

Exodus 34:6,7
And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed, The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, …

Psalm 103:8
The LORD is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy.

Psalm 145:8
The LORD is gracious, and full of compassion; slow to anger, and of great mercy.

visiting

Exodus 20:5
Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;

Exodus 34:7
Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation.

Jeremiah 23:2
Therefore thus saith the LORD God of Israel against the pastors that feed my people; Ye have scattered my flock, and driven them away, and have not visited them: behold, I will visit upon you the evil of your doings, saith the LORD.

Jump to Previous
Abounding Abundant Anger Children Clear Clearing Disobedience Iniquity Kindness Plenteous Punishes Rebellion Sin Slow Steadfast Third Transgression Unpunished Visiting
Jump to Next
Abounding Abundant Anger Children Clear Clearing Disobedience Iniquity Kindness Plenteous Punishes Rebellion Sin Slow Steadfast Third Transgression Unpunished Visiting
Numbers 14
1. The people murmur at the news
6. Joshua and Caleb labor to still them
11. God threatens them
13. Moses intercedes with God, and obtains pardon
26. The Murmurers are debarred from entering into the land
36. The men who raised the evil report die by a plague
40. The people that would invade the land against the will of God are smitten














The LORD
The Hebrew word for "LORD" here is "YHWH," often vocalized as Yahweh. This is the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal existence and unchanging nature. In the context of Numbers, it reminds the Israelites of God's faithfulness and His personal relationship with them. This name is a constant reminder of His sovereignty and His role as the ultimate authority and protector of His people.

is slow to anger
The phrase "slow to anger" comes from the Hebrew "erek apayim," which literally means "long of nostrils." This idiom reflects the idea of patience and restraint. In the ancient Near Eastern context, this characteristic of God contrasts with the often capricious and quick-tempered deities of surrounding cultures. It highlights God's patience and willingness to give people time to repent and turn back to Him.

and abounding in loving devotion
"Loving devotion" is translated from the Hebrew word "chesed," which encompasses love, kindness, mercy, and faithfulness. This word is central to understanding God's covenantal love for Israel. It is a steadfast, loyal love that is not dependent on the actions of the people but on God's own character. This phrase reassures believers of God's unwavering commitment to His promises.

forgiving iniquity and transgression
The Hebrew words for "iniquity" (avon) and "transgression" (pesha) cover a range of sins, from moral failings to outright rebellion. God's willingness to forgive these indicates His grace and mercy. In the historical context, this forgiveness is crucial for the Israelites, who repeatedly fall short of God's standards. It points to the future work of Christ, who provides ultimate forgiveness for all sin.

yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished
This phrase underscores God's justice. The Hebrew word for "guilty" (asham) refers to those who are culpable and deserving of punishment. God's justice is as much a part of His character as His mercy. This balance ensures that while God is forgiving, He also upholds righteousness and holds individuals accountable for their actions.

He visits the iniquity of the fathers on their children
The concept of "visiting" iniquity (paqad) involves a careful accounting or reckoning. This phrase reflects the communal and generational nature of sin in the ancient world, where the actions of one generation could impact the next. It serves as a warning of the consequences of sin, emphasizing the importance of living righteously.

to the third and fourth generation
This expression indicates the far-reaching consequences of sin, not a deterministic curse. In the cultural context, it serves as a deterrent against sin, encouraging individuals to consider the long-term impact of their actions. It also highlights the need for each generation to seek God and break the cycle of sin through repentance and obedience.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
‘The LORD
יְהוָ֗ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

is slow
אֶ֤רֶךְ (’e·reḵ)
Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 750: Long

to anger
אַפַּ֙יִם֙ (’ap·pa·yim)
Noun - md
Strong's 639: The nose, nostril, the face, a person, ire

and abounding
וְרַב־ (wə·raḇ-)
Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7227: Much, many, great

in loving devotion,
חֶ֔סֶד (ḥe·seḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2617: Kindness, piety, reproof, beauty

forgiving
נֹשֵׂ֥א (nō·śê)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5375: To lift, carry, take

wrongdoing
עָוֺ֖ן (‘ā·wōn)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 5771: Iniquity, guilt, punishment for iniquity

and rebellion.
וָפָ֑שַׁע (wā·p̄ā·ša‘)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6588: Transgression

But He will by no means
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

leave the guilty unpunished;
וְנַקֵּה֙ (wə·naq·qêh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Infinitive absolute
Strong's 5352: To be, clean, to be bare, extirpated

He visits
פֹּקֵ֞ד (pō·qêḏ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 6485: To visit, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit

the iniquity
עֲוֺ֤ן (‘ă·wōn)
Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 5771: Iniquity, guilt, punishment for iniquity

of the fathers
אָבוֹת֙ (’ā·ḇō·wṯ)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1: Father

upon
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

their children
בָּנִ֔ים (bā·nîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1121: A son

to
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the third
שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים (šil·lê·šîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 8029: Pertaining to the third

and fourth generation.’
רִבֵּעִֽים׃ (rib·bê·‘îm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 7256: Pertaining to the fourth


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OT Law: Numbers 14:18 Yahweh is slow to anger and abundant (Nu Num.)
Numbers 14:17
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