Luke 20:29
New International Version
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died childless.

New Living Translation
Well, suppose there were seven brothers. The oldest one married and then died without children.

English Standard Version
Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died without children.

Berean Standard Bible
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a wife, but died childless.

Berean Literal Bible
Therefore there were seven brothers. And the first, having taken a wife, died childless;

King James Bible
There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

New King James Version
Now there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and died without children.

New American Standard Bible
So then, there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless;

NASB 1995
“Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless;

NASB 1977
“Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife, and died childless;

Legacy Standard Bible
Now there were seven brothers; and the first married a wife and died childless,

Amplified Bible
Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless.

Christian Standard Bible
Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife and died without children.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife and died without children.

American Standard Version
There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died childless;

Contemporary English Version
There were once seven brothers. The first one married, but died without having any children.

English Revised Version
There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died childless;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
There were seven brothers. The first got married and died without having children.

Good News Translation
Once there were seven brothers; the oldest got married and died without having children.

International Standard Version
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died childless.

Majority Standard Bible
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a wife, but died childless.

NET Bible
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died without children.

New Heart English Bible
There were therefore seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died childless.

Webster's Bible Translation
There were therefore seven brothers: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

Weymouth New Testament
Now there were seven brothers. The first of them took a wife and died childless.

World English Bible
There were therefore seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died childless.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
There were, then, seven brothers, and the first having taken a wife, died childless,

Berean Literal Bible
Therefore there were seven brothers. And the first, having taken a wife, died childless;

Young's Literal Translation
'There were, then, seven brothers, and the first having taken a wife, died childless,

Smith's Literal Translation
Therefore were there seven brethren: and the first having taken a wife, died without children.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And so there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and he died without sons.

New American Bible
Now there were seven brothers; the first married a woman but died childless.

New Revised Standard Version
Now there were seven brothers; the first married, and died childless;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Now there were seven brothers; the first married and died without children.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
“But there were seven brothers and the first took a wife and he died without sons.”
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
There were, therefore, seven brothers; and the first took a wife, and died without children;

Godbey New Testament
Then there were seven brothers; and the first receiving a wife died childless.

Haweis New Testament
Now there were seven brothers: and the first taking a wife, died childless.

Mace New Testament
now there were seven brothers, the first of which marry'd, and died without children.

Weymouth New Testament
Now there were seven brothers. The first of them took a wife and died childless.

Worrell New Testament
There were, therefore, seven brothers; and the first, taking a wife, died childless.

Worsley New Testament
Now there were seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died childless; and the second took the wife, and he died childless;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Sadducees and the Resurrection
28“Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man is to marry his brother’s widow and raise up offspring for him. 29Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a wife, but died childless. 30Then the second…

Cross References
Matthew 22:24-28
“Teacher,” they said, “Moses declared that if a man dies without having children, his brother is to marry the widow and raise up offspring for him. / Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died without having children. So he left his wife to his brother. / The same thing happened to the second and third brothers, down to the seventh. ...

Mark 12:19-23
“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man is to marry his brother’s widow and raise up offspring for him. / Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died, leaving no children. / Then the second one married the widow, but he also died and left no children. And the third did likewise. ...

Deuteronomy 25:5-6
When brothers dwell together and one of them dies without a son, the widow must not marry outside the family. Her husband’s brother is to take her as his wife and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law for her. / The first son she bears will carry on the name of the dead brother, so that his name will not be blotted out from Israel.

Ruth 4:5-10
Then Boaz said, “On the day you buy the land from Naomi and also from Ruth the Moabitess, you must also acquire the widow of the deceased in order to raise up the name of the deceased on his inheritance.” / The kinsman-redeemer replied, “I cannot redeem it myself, or I would jeopardize my own inheritance. Take my right of redemption, because I cannot redeem it.” / Now in former times in Israel, concerning the redemption or exchange of property, to make any matter legally binding a man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party, and this was a confirmation in Israel. ...

Genesis 38:8
Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and raise up offspring for your brother.”

Numbers 27:8-11
Furthermore, you shall say to the Israelites, ‘If a man dies and leaves no son, you are to transfer his inheritance to his daughter. / If he has no daughter, give his inheritance to his brothers. / If he has no brothers, give his inheritance to his father’s brothers. ...

1 Corinthians 7:39
A wife is bound to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is free to marry anyone she wishes, as long as he belongs to the Lord.

Romans 7:2-3
For instance, a married woman is bound by law to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is released from the law of marriage. / So then, if she is joined to another man while her husband is still alive, she is called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from that law and is not an adulteress if she marries another man.

1 Timothy 5:14
So I advise the younger widows to marry, have children, and manage their households, denying the adversary occasion for slander.

1 Corinthians 15:42-44
So will it be with the resurrection of the dead: What is sown is perishable; it is raised imperishable. / It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. / It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.

Exodus 3:6
Then He said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God.

Acts 23:8
For the Sadducees say that there is neither a resurrection nor angels nor spirits, but the Pharisees acknowledge them all.

Hebrews 11:35
Women received back their dead, raised to life again. Others were tortured and refused their release, so that they might gain a better resurrection.

Job 19:25-27
But I know that my Redeemer lives, and in the end He will stand upon the earth. / Even after my skin has been destroyed, yet in my flesh I will see God. / I will see Him for myself; my eyes will behold Him, and not as a stranger. How my heart yearns within me!

Isaiah 26:19
Your dead will live; their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust! For your dew is like the dew of the morning, and the earth will bring forth her dead.


Treasury of Scripture

There were therefore seven brothers: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

and died.

Leviticus 20:20
And if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's nakedness: they shall bear their sin; they shall die childless.

Jeremiah 22:30
Thus saith the LORD, Write ye this man childless, a man that shall not prosper in his days: for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling any more in Judah.

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Childless Children Died End First Married Seven Wife
Luke 20
1. Jesus confirms his authority by a question of John's baptism.
9. The parable of the vineyard.
19. Of giving tribute to Caesar.
27. He instructs the Sadducees, who denied the resurrection.
41. How Jesus is the Son of David.
45. He warns his disciples to beware of the scribes.














Now there were seven brothers
This phrase introduces a hypothetical scenario presented by the Sadducees to Jesus. The number "seven" is significant in biblical literature, often symbolizing completeness or perfection. In this context, it sets the stage for a complete cycle of events that the Sadducees use to challenge Jesus. The Greek word for "brothers" (ἀδελφοί) emphasizes familial bonds and responsibilities, which were deeply rooted in Jewish culture and law. The Sadducees, who did not believe in the resurrection, used this scenario to question the concept of life after death, highlighting their reliance on the Torah, where the Levirate marriage law is found (Deuteronomy 25:5-10).

The first one married a wife
Marriage in Jewish tradition was not only a personal union but also a social and religious duty. The Greek word for "married" (ἔλαβεν γυναῖκα) implies taking a wife, which was a legal and covenantal act. This reflects the cultural importance of marriage as a means of preserving family lineage and inheritance. The mention of "the first one" underscores the beginning of the sequence of events that the Sadducees use to construct their argument, setting the stage for the unfolding narrative.

but died childless
The phrase "died childless" (ἀτεκνος) is crucial in understanding the dilemma presented. In ancient Jewish society, having children was seen as a blessing and a means of continuing one's legacy. The Levirate marriage law was designed to ensure that a deceased brother's name and property would not be lost. The absence of children in this scenario creates a theological and legal problem that the Sadducees exploit to question the resurrection. This reflects the deep-seated belief in the importance of progeny and the continuation of one's name, which was a significant concern in the patriarchal society of the time.

Verses 29-33. - There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children. And the second took her to wife, and he died childless. And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died. Last of all the woman died also. Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife. The question here put to the Master was a well-known materialistic objection to the resurrection, and had on several occasions Been asked by these shallow Epicureans - as the Talmud calls them - to the great rabbis of the schools of the Pharisees. Their usual answer was that the woman in question would be the wife of the first husband.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
Now
οὖν (oun)
Conjunction
Strong's 3767: Therefore, then. Apparently a primary word; certainly, or accordingly.

there were
ἦσαν (ēsan)
Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

seven
ἑπτὰ (hepta)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 2033: Seven. A primary number; seven.

brothers.
ἀδελφοὶ (adelphoi)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 80: A brother, member of the same religious community, especially a fellow-Christian. A brother near or remote.

The
(ho)
Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

first [one]
πρῶτος (prōtos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 4413: First, before, principal, most important. Contracted superlative of pro; foremost.

married
λαβὼν (labōn)
Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2983: (a) I receive, get, (b) I take, lay hold of.

a wife,
γυναῖκα (gynaika)
Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 1135: A woman, wife, my lady. Probably from the base of ginomai; a woman; specially, a wife.

[but] died
ἀπέθανεν (apethanen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 599: To be dying, be about to die, wither, decay. From apo and thnesko; to die off.

childless.
ἄτεκνος (ateknos)
Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 815: Childless. Childless.


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Luke 20:28
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