Genesis 4:10
New International Version
The LORD said, “What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground.

New Living Translation
But the LORD said, “What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground!

English Standard Version
And the LORD said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to me from the ground.

Berean Standard Bible
“What have you done?” replied the LORD. “The voice of your brother’s blood cries out to Me from the ground.

King James Bible
And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.

New King James Version
And He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood cries out to Me from the ground.

New American Standard Bible
Then He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying out to Me from the ground.

NASB 1995
He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to Me from the ground.

NASB 1977
And He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to Me from the ground.

Legacy Standard Bible
And He said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying out to Me from the ground.

Amplified Bible
The LORD said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s [innocent] blood is crying out to Me from the ground [for justice].

Christian Standard Bible
Then he said, “What have you done? Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground!

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then He said, “What have you done? Your brother’s blood cries out to Me from the ground!

American Standard Version
And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.

Contemporary English Version
Then the LORD said: Why have you done this terrible thing? You killed your own brother, and his blood flowed onto the ground. Now his blood is calling out for me to punish you.

English Revised Version
And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The LORD asked, "What have you done? Your brother's blood is crying out to me from the ground.

Good News Translation
Then the LORD said, "Why have you done this terrible thing? Your brother's blood is crying out to me from the ground, like a voice calling for revenge.

International Standard Version
"What did you do?" God asked. "Your brother's blood cries out to me from the ground.

Majority Standard Bible
?What have you done?? replied the LORD. ?The voice of your brother?s blood cries out to Me from the ground.

NET Bible
But the LORD said, "What have you done? The voice of your brother's blood is crying out to me from the ground!

New Heart English Bible
And God said, "What have you done? The voice of your brother's blood cries out to me from the ground.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth to me from the ground.

World English Bible
Yahweh said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood cries to me from the ground.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And He says, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying to Me from the ground;

Young's Literal Translation
And He saith, 'What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood is crying unto Me from the ground;

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will say, What didst thou? the voice of thy brother's bloods, crying out to me from the earth.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he said to him: What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth to me from the earth.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he said to him: “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood cries out to me from the land.

New American Bible
God then said: What have you done? Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground!

New Revised Standard Version
And the LORD said, “What have you done? Listen; your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground!
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the LORD said, What have you done? The voice of your brother's blood cries to me from the ground.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And LORD JEHOVAH said to him, “What have you done? The voice of the blood of your brother cries to me from the Earth.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And He said: 'What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto Me from the ground.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the Lord said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood cries to me out of the ground.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Cain Murders Abel
9And the LORD said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” “I do not know!” he answered. “Am I my brother’s keeper?” 10“What have you done?” replied the LORD. “The voice of your brother’s blood cries out to Me from the ground. 11Now you are cursed and banished from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.…

Cross References
Hebrews 12:24
to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.

Matthew 23:35
And so upon you will come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Berechiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.

Revelation 6:9-10
And when the Lamb opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God and for the testimony they had upheld. / And they cried out in a loud voice, “How long, O Lord, holy and true, until You judge those who dwell upon the earth and avenge our blood?”

Isaiah 26:21
For behold, the LORD is coming out of His dwelling to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity. The earth will reveal her bloodshed and will no longer conceal her slain.

Numbers 35:33
Do not pollute the land where you live, for bloodshed pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land on which the blood is shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it.

Job 16:18
O earth, do not cover my blood; may my cry for help never be laid to rest.

Luke 11:50-51
As a result, this generation will be charged with the blood of all the prophets that has been shed since the foundation of the world, / from the blood of Abel to the blood of Zechariah, who was killed between the altar and the sanctuary. Yes, I tell you, all of it will be charged to this generation.

Psalm 9:12
For the Avenger of bloodshed remembers; He does not ignore the cry of the afflicted.

Deuteronomy 21:1-9
If one is found slain, lying in a field in the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess, and it is not known who killed him, / your elders and judges must come out and measure the distance from the victim to the neighboring cities. / Then the elders of the city nearest the victim shall take a heifer that has never been yoked or used for work, ...

1 John 3:12
Do not be like Cain, who belonged to the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did Cain slay him? Because his own deeds were evil, while those of his brother were righteous.

Romans 12:19
Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.”

James 5:4
Look, the wages you withheld from the workmen who mowed your fields are crying out against you. The cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of Hosts.

Psalm 72:14
He will redeem them from oppression and violence, for their blood is precious in his sight.

Jeremiah 2:34
Moreover, your skirts are stained with the blood of the innocent poor, though you did not find them breaking in. But in spite of all these things

Isaiah 59:3
For your hands are stained with blood, and your fingers with iniquity; your lips have spoken lies, and your tongue mutters injustice.


Treasury of Scripture

And he said, What have you done? the voice of your brother's blood cries to me from the ground.

What.

Genesis 3:13
And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.

Joshua 7:19
And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to the LORD God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide it not from me.

Psalm 50:21
These things hast thou done, and I kept silence; thou thoughtest that I was altogether such an one as thyself: but I will reprove thee, and set them in order before thine eyes.

blood.

Genesis 18:20
And the LORD said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous;

Exodus 3:7
And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;

2 Kings 9:26
Surely I have seen yesterday the blood of Naboth, and the blood of his sons, saith the LORD; and I will requite thee in this plat, saith the LORD. Now therefore take and cast him into the plat of ground, according to the word of the LORD.

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Blood Brother's Cries Crieth Crying Earth Ground Voice
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Blood Brother's Cries Crieth Crying Earth Ground Voice
Genesis 4
1. The birth, occupation, and offerings of Cain and Abel.
8. Cain murders his brother Abel.
11. The curse of Cain.
17. Has a son called Enoch, and builds a city, which he calls after his name.
18. His descendants, with Lamech and his two wives.
25. The birth of Seth,
26. and Enos.














What have you done?
This phrase is a direct question from God to Cain, following the murder of his brother Abel. In Hebrew, the phrase is "מֶה עָשִׂיתָ" (meh asita). This question is not for God's benefit, as He is omniscient, but serves to confront Cain with the gravity of his sin. It echoes God's question to Adam and Eve in Genesis 3:13, "What is this you have done?" This parallel highlights the recurring theme of human disobedience and the need for accountability before God. The question invites self-reflection and acknowledgment of wrongdoing, a crucial step in the process of repentance and redemption.

replied the LORD
The use of "LORD" here, translated from the Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH), emphasizes the covenantal relationship between God and humanity. This is the personal name of God, often associated with His mercy and relational attributes. God's reply is not just a judicial pronouncement but a personal engagement with Cain, underscoring the seriousness of sin and the divine desire for restoration.

The voice of your brother’s blood
The phrase "voice of your brother’s blood" is rich in imagery and meaning. In Hebrew, "קוֹל דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ" (qol demei achikha) suggests that Abel's blood cries out for justice. The word "voice" (קוֹל, qol) implies that the blood has a testimony, a witness to the crime committed. This anthropomorphic expression indicates that innocent bloodshed demands a response from God, who is just and righteous. It also foreshadows the biblical principle that life is sacred and that God is the avenger of innocent blood.

cries out to Me
The verb "cries out" (צֹעֲקִים, tzo'akim) conveys a sense of urgency and distress. It is often used in the context of a plea for help or justice. This cry reaches God, indicating His attentiveness to human suffering and injustice. The phrase underscores God's role as the ultimate judge who hears and responds to the cries of the oppressed and wronged. It reassures believers that no act of injustice escapes God's notice and that He will act in His perfect timing.

from the ground
The ground (אֲדָמָה, adamah) is significant in the biblical narrative, as it is from the ground that God formed man (Genesis 2:7). The ground, now tainted by Abel's blood, symbolizes the corruption of creation due to sin. This imagery reflects the broader biblical theme of creation groaning under the weight of human sinfulness (Romans 8:22). It also serves as a reminder of the consequences of sin, not only for individuals but for the entire created order. The ground, which was meant to be a source of life and sustenance, becomes a witness to the first murder, highlighting the tragic impact of sin on God's good creation.

(10) Thy brother's blood crieth unto me.--The sight he has seen of death cleaves to him, and grows into a terror; and from above the voice of Jehovah tells him that the blood he has shed calls aloud for vengeance. Thus with the first shedding of human blood that ominous thought sprang up, divinely bestowed, that the earth will grant no peace to the wretch who has stained her fair face with the life stream of man. But "the blood of Jesus speaketh better things than that of Abel" (Hebrews 12:24). The voice of one cried for justice and retribution: the other for reconciliation and peace.

Verse 10. - Satisfied that the guilty fratricide is resolved to make no acknowledgment of his deed, the omniscient Judge proceeds to charge him with his sin. And he - i.e. Jehovah - said, What hast thou done? Thus intimating his perfect cognizance of the fact which his prisoner was attempting to deny. What a revelation it must have been to the inwardly trembling culprit of the impossibility of eluding the besetting God! (Psalm 139:5). The voice of thy brother's blood (literally, bloods, i.e. of this and all subsequent martyrs - Chald. Par.) crieth unto me. A common Scriptural expression concerning murder and other crimes (Genesis 18:20, 21; Genesis 19:13; Exodus 3:9; Hebrews 12:24; James 5:4). The blood crying is a symbol of the soul crying for its right to live (Lange). In this instance the cry was a demand for the punishment of the murderer; and that cry has reverberated through all lands and down through all ages, proclaiming vengeance against the shedder of innocent blood (cf. Genesis 9:5). "Hence the prayer that the earth may net drink in the blood shed upon it, in order that it may not thereby become invisible and inaudible" (Knobel). Cf. Job 16:18; Isaiah 26:21; Ezekiel 24:7; also Eschylus, 'Chaephorae,' 310, 398 (quoted by T. Lewis in Lange). From the ground. Into which it had disappeared, but not, as the murderer hoped, to become for. gotten.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
“What
מֶ֣ה (meh)
Interrogative
Strong's 4100: What?, what!, indefinitely what

have you done?”
עָשִׂ֑יתָ (‘ā·śî·ṯā)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

replied [the LORD].
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“The voice
ק֚וֹל (qō·wl)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6963: A voice, sound

of your brother’s
אָחִ֔יךָ (’ā·ḥî·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

blood
דְּמֵ֣י (də·mê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed

cries out
צֹעֲקִ֥ים (ṣō·‘ă·qîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 6817: To shriek, to proclaim

to Me
אֵלַ֖י (’ê·lay)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

from
מִן־ (min-)
Preposition
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

the ground.
הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃ (hā·’ă·ḏā·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 127: Ground, land


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OT Law: Genesis 4:10 Yahweh said What have you done? (Gen. Ge Gn)
Genesis 4:9
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