Deuteronomy 29:3
New International Version
With your own eyes you saw those great trials, those signs and great wonders.

New Living Translation
all the great tests of strength, the miraculous signs, and the amazing wonders.

English Standard Version
the great trials that your eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders.

Berean Standard Bible
You saw with your own eyes the great trials, and those miraculous signs and wonders.

King James Bible
The great temptations which thine eyes have seen, the signs, and those great miracles:

New King James Version
the great trials which your eyes have seen, the signs, and those great wonders.

New American Standard Bible
the great trials which your eyes have seen, those great signs and wonders.

NASB 1995
the great trials which your eyes have seen, those great signs and wonders.

NASB 1977
the great trials which your eyes have seen, those great signs and wonders.

Legacy Standard Bible
the great trials which your eyes have seen, those great signs and wonders.

Amplified Bible
the great trials [of Pharaoh] which your eyes have seen, the signs and those great wonders.

Christian Standard Bible
You saw with your own eyes the great trials and those great signs and wonders.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
You saw with your own eyes the great trials and those great signs and wonders.

American Standard Version
the great trials which thine eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders:

English Revised Version
the great temptations which thine eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
You also saw those terrible plagues, those miraculous signs, and those spectacular, amazing things.

Good News Translation
You saw the terrible plagues, the miracles, and the great wonders that the LORD performed.

International Standard Version
Those great feats that you saw with your own eyes are signs and great wonders.

Majority Standard Bible
You saw with your own eyes the great trials, and those miraculous signs and wonders.

NET Bible
Your eyes have seen the great judgments, those signs and mighty wonders.

New Heart English Bible
the great trials which your eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders:

Webster's Bible Translation
The great temptations which thy eyes have seen, the signs, and those great miracles:

World English Bible
the great trials which your eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
the great trials which your eyes have seen, the signs, and those great wonders.

Young's Literal Translation
the great trials which thine eyes have seen, the signs, and those great wonders;

Smith's Literal Translation
The great temptations which thine eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The great temptations, which thy eyes have seen, those mighty signs and wonders,

Catholic Public Domain Version
the great trials, which your eyes have seen, those immense signs and wonders.

New American Bible
the great testings your own eyes have seen, and those great signs and wonders.

New Revised Standard Version
the great trials that your eyes saw, the signs, and those great wonders.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The great trials which your eyes have seen, the signs, and those great marvels which you saw;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Great trials that your eyes have seen, these signs and wonders that you saw:
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the great trials which thine eyes saw, the signs and those great wonders;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
the great temptations which thine eyes have seen, the signs, and those great wonders.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Covenant in Moab
2Moses summoned all Israel and proclaimed to them, “You have seen with your own eyes everything the LORD did in Egypt to Pharaoh, to all his officials, and to all his land. 3You saw with your own eyes the great trials, and those miraculous signs and wonders. 4Yet to this day the LORD has not given you a mind to understand, eyes to see, or ears to hear.…

Cross References
Exodus 7:3
But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,

Exodus 10:1-2
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them, / and that you may tell your children and grandchildren how severely I dealt with the Egyptians when I performed miraculous signs among them, so that all of you may know that I am the LORD.”

Psalm 78:43-51
when He performed His signs in Egypt and His wonders in the fields of Zoan. / He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink. / He sent swarms of flies that devoured them, and frogs that devastated them. ...

Psalm 105:27-36
They performed His miraculous signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham. / He sent darkness, and it became dark—yet they defied His words. / He turned their waters to blood and caused their fish to die. ...

Isaiah 63:12-14
who sent His glorious arm to lead them by the right hand of Moses, who divided the waters before them to gain for Himself everlasting renown, / who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble? / Like cattle going down to the valley, the Spirit of the LORD gave them rest. You led Your people this way to make for Yourself a glorious name.

Jeremiah 32:20-21
You performed signs and wonders in the land of Egypt, and You do so to this very day, both in Israel and among all mankind. And You have made a name for Yourself, as is the case to this day. / You brought Your people Israel out of the land of Egypt with signs and wonders, with a strong hand and an outstretched arm, and with great terror.

Nehemiah 9:10
You performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh, all his officials, and all the people of his land, for You knew they had acted with arrogance against our fathers. You made a name for Yourself that endures to this day.

Acts 7:36
He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness.

Romans 9:17
For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”

1 Corinthians 10:1-2
I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our forefathers were all under the cloud, and that they all passed through the sea. / They were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea.

Hebrews 3:9
where your fathers tested and tried Me, and for forty years saw My works.

John 12:37
Although Jesus had performed so many signs in their presence, they still did not believe in Him.

Matthew 13:13-15
This is why I speak to them in parables: ‘Though seeing, they do not see; though hearing, they do not hear or understand.’ / In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled: ‘You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving. / For this people’s heart has grown callous; they hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn, and I would heal them.’

Mark 8:18
‘Having eyes, do you not see? And having ears, do you not hear?’ And do you not remember?

Luke 8:10
He replied, “The knowledge of the mysteries of the kingdom of God has been given to you, but to others I speak in parables, so that, ‘though seeing, they may not see; though hearing, they may not understand.’


Treasury of Scripture

The great temptations which your eyes have seen, the signs, and those great miracles:

Deuteronomy 4:32-35
For ask now of the days that are past, which were before thee, since the day that God created man upon the earth, and ask from the one side of heaven unto the other, whether there hath been any such thing as this great thing is, or hath been heard like it? …

Deuteronomy 7:18,19
Thou shalt not be afraid of them: but shalt well remember what the LORD thy God did unto Pharaoh, and unto all Egypt; …

Nehemiah 9:9-11
And didst see the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and heardest their cry by the Red sea; …

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Deuteronomy 29
1. Moses exhorts them to obedience, reminding of the works they had seen
10. All are presented before the Lord to enter into his covenant
18. The great wrath on him who flatters himself in his wickedness
29. Secret things belong unto God














You saw with your own eyes
This phrase emphasizes the direct experience and personal witness of the Israelites. In Hebrew, the word for "saw" is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which implies not just physical sight but also understanding and perception. The Israelites were not relying on second-hand accounts; they had firsthand knowledge of God's mighty acts. This personal witness is crucial in the biblical narrative, as it establishes a foundation for faith and obedience. The emphasis on "your own eyes" serves as a reminder of the authenticity and undeniability of God's interventions in their history.

the great trials
The Hebrew word for "trials" is "מַסּוֹת" (massot), which can also be translated as "testings" or "challenges." These trials refer to the various hardships and tests the Israelites faced during their journey from Egypt to the Promised Land. Historically, these trials included the plagues in Egypt, the crossing of the Red Sea, and the challenges in the wilderness. Each trial was an opportunity for the Israelites to trust in God's provision and power. The "great trials" underscore the magnitude of God's deliverance and the faithfulness required from His people.

and those miraculous signs
The term "miraculous signs" in Hebrew is "אוֹתוֹת" (otot), which refers to signs or tokens that signify divine intervention. These signs were not mere spectacles but were meant to convey God's presence and authority. In the context of Deuteronomy, these signs included the plagues in Egypt, the parting of the Red Sea, and the provision of manna. Archaeologically, while direct evidence of these events is scarce, the consistent biblical narrative and the cultural memory of these signs have been preserved through generations, reinforcing their significance in Israel's history.

and wonders
The Hebrew word for "wonders" is "מוֹפְתִים" (mofetim), which denotes extraordinary events that inspire awe and reveal God's power. These wonders were acts that defied natural explanation, serving as a testament to God's sovereignty over creation. Scripturally, wonders are often paired with signs to emphasize their role in demonstrating God's covenantal relationship with His people. Historically, these wonders were pivotal in establishing Israel's identity as a nation chosen and protected by God. The combination of signs and wonders in this verse highlights the comprehensive nature of God's miraculous works, which were both visible and awe-inspiring.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
You saw
רָא֖וּ (rā·’ū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 7200: To see

with your own eyes
עֵינֶ֑יךָ (‘ê·ne·ḵā)
Noun - cdc | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5869: An eye, a fountain

the great
הַגְּדֹלֹ֔ת (hag·gə·ḏō·lōṯ)
Article | Adjective - feminine plural
Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent

trials,
הַמַּסּוֹת֙ (ham·mas·sō·wṯ)
Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 4531: A testing, of men, of God

and those
הָהֵֽם׃ (hā·hêm)
Article | Pronoun - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1992: They

miraculous
הַגְּדֹלִ֖ים (hag·gə·ḏō·lîm)
Article | Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 1419: Great, older, insolent

signs
הָאֹתֹ֧ת (hā·’ō·ṯōṯ)
Article | Noun - common plural
Strong's 226: A signal, as a, flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence

and wonders.
וְהַמֹּפְתִ֛ים (wə·ham·mō·p̄ə·ṯîm)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 4159: A miracle, a token, omen


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 29:3 The great trials which your eyes saw (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 29:2
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