2 Samuel 8:3 David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.

◄ 2 Samuel 8:3 ►

New International Version
Moreover, David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his monument at the Euphrates River.

New Living Translation
David also destroyed the forces of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when Hadadezer marched out to strengthen his control along the Euphrates River.

English Standard Version
David also defeated Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to restore his power at the river Euphrates.

Berean Standard Bible
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.

King James Bible
David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

New King James Version
David also defeated Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his territory at the River Euphrates.

New American Standard Bible
Then David defeated Hadadezer, the son of Rehob king of Zobah, as he went to restore his power at the Euphrates River.

NASB 1995
Then David defeated Hadadezer, the son of Rehob king of Zobah, as he went to restore his rule at the River.

NASB 1977
Then David defeated Hadadezer, the son of Rehob king of Zobah, as he went to restore his rule at the River.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then David struck Hadadezer, the son of Rehob king of Zobah, as he went to restore his power at the River.

Amplified Bible
Then David defeated Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to restore his power at the River [Euphrates].

Christian Standard Bible
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his control at the Euphrates River.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who went to restore his control at the Euphrates River.

American Standard Version
David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.

Contemporary English Version
David set out for the Euphrates River to build a monument there. On his way, he defeated the king of Zobah, whose name was Hadadezer the son of Rehob.

English Revised Version
David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When David went to restore his control [over the territory] along the Euphrates River, he defeated Zobah's King Hadadezer, son of Rehob.

Good News Translation
Then he defeated the king of the Syrian state of Zobah, Hadadezer son of Rehob, as Hadadezer was on his way to restore his control over the territory by the upper Euphrates River.

International Standard Version
David also attacked King Hadadezer, Rehob's son from Zobah, when he was attempting to restore his hegemony over the Euphrates River.

Majority Standard Bible
David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River.

NET Bible
David defeated King Hadadezer son of Rehob of Zobah when he came to reestablish his authority over the Euphrates River.

New Heart English Bible
David struck also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.

Webster's Bible Translation
David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

World English Bible
David also struck Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
And David strikes Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, in his going to bring back his power by the River [Euphrates];

Young's Literal Translation
And David smiteth Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, in his going to bring back his power by the River Euphrates;

Smith's Literal Translation
And David will strike Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah, in his going to turn back his hand upon the river.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
David defeated also Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba, when he went to extend his dominion over the river Euphrates.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And David struck Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, the king of Zobah, when he set out to rule over the river Euphrates.

New American Bible
David then defeated Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to re-establish his dominion at the River.

New Revised Standard Version
David also struck down King Hadadezer son of Rehob of Zobah, as he went to restore his monument at the river Euphrates.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
Then David defeated Hadarezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to have dominion at the river Euphrates.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And David struck Hedarezar, son of Rakhub, the King of Tsuba, when he went to turn his hand at the River Euphraates

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to establish his dominion at the river Euphrates.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And David smote Adraazar the son of Raab king of Suba, as he went to extend his power to the river Euphrates.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

David's Triumphs
…2David also defeated the Moabites, made them lie down on the ground, and measured them off with a cord. He measured off with two lengths those to be put to death, and with one length those to be spared. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute. 3David also defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, who had marched out to restore his dominion along the Euphrates River. 4David captured from him a thousand chariots, seven thousand charioteers, and twenty thousand foot soldiers, and he hamstrung all the horses except a hundred he kept for the chariots.…

Berean Standard Bible · Download

Cross References

1 Chronicles 18:3
As far as Hamath, David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, who had marched out to establish his dominion along the Euphrates River.

Genesis 15:18
On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your descendants I have given this land—from the river of Egypt to the great River Euphrates—

Deuteronomy 1:7
Resume your journey and go to the hill country of the Amorites; go to all the neighboring peoples in the Arabah, in the hill country, in the foothills, in the Negev, and along the seacoast to the land of the Canaanites and to Lebanon, as far as the great River Euphrates.

Joshua 1:4
Your territory shall extend from the wilderness and Lebanon to the great River Euphrates—all the land of the Hittites—and west as far as the Great Sea.

1 Kings 4:21
And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.

1 Kings 11:23-25
And God raised up against Solomon another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliada, who had fled from his master, Hadadezer king of Zobah, / and had gathered men to himself. When David killed the Zobaites, Rezon captained a band of raiders and went to Damascus, where they settled and gained control. / Rezon was Israel’s enemy throughout the days of Solomon, adding to the trouble caused by Hadad. So Rezon ruled over Aram with hostility toward Israel.

Psalm 60:1
For the choirmaster. To the tune of “The Lily of the Covenant.” A Miktam of David for instruction. When he fought Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, and Joab returned and struck down 12,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. You have rejected us, O God; You have broken us; You have been angry; restore us!

Psalm 60:8
Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”

Isaiah 9:1
Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom for those in distress. In the past He humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, but in the future He will honor the Way of the Sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations:

Isaiah 11:14
They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them.

Jeremiah 49:23-27
Concerning Damascus: “Hamath and Arpad are put to shame, for they have heard a bad report; they are agitated like the sea; their anxiety cannot be calmed. / Damascus has become feeble; she has turned to flee. Panic has gripped her; anguish and pain have seized her like a woman in labor. / How is the city of praise not forsaken, the town that brings Me joy? ...

Ezekiel 47:15-17
This shall be the boundary of the land: On the north side it will extend from the Great Sea by way of Hethlon through Lebo-hamath to Zedad, / Berothah, and Sibraim (which is on the border between Damascus and Hamath), as far as Hazer-hatticon, which is on the border of Hauran. / So the border will run from the Sea to Hazar-enan, along the northern border of Damascus, with the territory of Hamath to the north. This will be the northern boundary.

Acts 9:2
and requested letters to the synagogues in Damascus, so that if he found any men or women belonging to the Way, he could bring them as prisoners to Jerusalem.

Acts 26:12
In this pursuit I was on my way to Damascus with the authority and commission of the chief priests.

Romans 15:19
by the power of signs and wonders, and by the power of the Spirit of God. So from Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ.

Treasury of Scripture

David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.

Hadadezer

1 Chronicles 18:3
And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

Hadarezer

2 Samuel 10:6
And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Bethrehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ishtob twelve thousand men.

1 Samuel 14:47
So Saul took the kingdom over Israel, and fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, and against the children of Ammon, and against Edom, and against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines: and whithersoever he turned himself, he vexed them.

1 Kings 11:23,24
And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah: …

at the river

Genesis 15:18
In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

Exodus 23:31
And I will set thy bounds from the Red sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert unto the river: for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand; and thou shalt drive them out before thee.

Deuteronomy 11:24
Every place whereon the soles of your feet shall tread shall be yours: from the wilderness and Lebanon, from the river, the river Euphrates, even unto the uttermost sea shall your coast be.

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Border Control David Defeated Dominion Establish Euphrates Euphra'tes Fought Hadadezer Hadade'zer Moreover Overcame Power Recover Rehob Restore River Rule Smiteth Smote Struck Zobah

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Border Control David Defeated Dominion Establish Euphrates Euphra'tes Fought Hadadezer Hadade'zer Moreover Overcame Power Recover Rehob Restore River Rule Smiteth Smote Struck Zobah

2 Samuel 8

1. David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites
3. He smites Hadadezer, and the Syrians
9. Toi sends Joram with presents to bless him
11. David dedicates the presents and the spoil to God
14. He puts garrisons in Edom
16. David's officers

Berean Study Bible

David also defeated
The name "David" in Hebrew means "beloved," and he is a central figure in the Old Testament, known for his heart after God. The phrase "also defeated" indicates a continuation of David's military successes, showcasing his role as a warrior king. This victory is part of a series of conquests that establish Israel's dominance in the region, fulfilling God's promise to give Israel the land.

Hadadezer son of Rehob
"Hadadezer" means "Hadad is my help," with Hadad being a storm and rain god worshiped in the region. The mention of "son of Rehob" provides a genealogical context, indicating the lineage and political alliances of the time. This highlights the polytheistic culture surrounding Israel and the spiritual battles accompanying physical warfare.

king of Zobah
Zobah was a significant Aramean kingdom located in modern-day Syria. The title "king" signifies Hadadezer's authority and the political structure of the time. David's victory over Zobah demonstrates the expansion of Israel's influence and the fulfillment of God's covenant promises to Abraham regarding the land.

as he went to restore his control
The phrase "to restore his control" suggests that Hadadezer was attempting to regain territory or influence that had been lost. This reflects the constant power struggles in the ancient Near East, where kings often sought to expand or reclaim their domains. David's intervention here is seen as divinely ordained, ensuring Israel's security and prosperity.

along the Euphrates River
The Euphrates River was one of the great rivers of the ancient world, often considered a boundary of the Promised Land (Genesis 15:18). Its mention here underscores the strategic importance of controlling trade routes and fertile lands. David's campaign to the Euphrates signifies the extent of his kingdom and God's blessing on his reign, as Israel reaches its territorial zenith under his leadership.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(3) Hadadezer . . . king of Zobah.--This name is sometimes (1Chronicles 18:3; 1Chronicles 18:5; 1Chronicles 18:7, &c.) spelt "Hadarezer," the letters d and r being much alike in Hebrew and easily confused; but the form given here is right, Hadad being the chief idol of the Syrians. Zobah (called in the title of Psalms 60 Aram-Zobah) was a kingdom, the position of which cannot be exactly determined, but lying north-east of Israel, and formerly governed by petty kings with whom Saul had wars (1Samuel 14:47). When or by what means it had become united under a single sovereign is unknown, but from 2Samuel 8:4 with 2Samuel 10:6; 2Samuel 10:16, it is plain that he was a monarch of considerable power, and controlled tribes beyond the Euphrates. . . .

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 3. - Hadadezer. The name is spelt Hadarezer in 2 Samuel 10:16 and in 1 Chronicles 18:3, and such is the reading of the versions here and of many Hebrew manuscripts. The other reading has been defended on the ground that Hadad is the name of the Syrian sun-god, but the cuneiform inscriptions show that his real name was Hadar. The King of Syria, mentioned in 1 Kings 20:1, is called in Assyrian Ben-Hidri. Zobah. Ewald identifies Zobah with the "Sabo" mentioned by Ptolemy. This is uncertain, but evidently Zobah lay northeast of Damascus and south of Hamath, in the region between the rivers Orontes and Euphrates. In 1 Samuel 14:47 it appears as a powerless country governed by a multitude of petty kings; but evidently now Hadarezer had made himself supreme, and become a powerful monarch whose authority extended even across the river into Mesopotamia (2 Samuel 10:16). Having crushed his rivals at home, he had next endeavoured to extend his dominion abroad. As he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates. The word "Euphrates" is inserted in the Authorized Version, because the margin says, "Euphrates read but not written." In the Revised Version it is omitted, because the unauthoritative nature of these directions to read something not in the text has been demonstrated. Technically these readings are called K'ri, and the written text K'tib. In 1 Chronicles 18:3 the reading is, "as he went to stablish his dominion by the river" - a change which involves the alteration of only one letter, as the word rendered here "his border," and in 1 Chronicles 18:3 "his dominion," is the same, signifying literally, "his hand." For this reason the Revised Version renders it correctly in both places "his dominion." Now, David never had possessed up to this time any dominion upon the Euphrates, but in the fuller narrative in ch. 10. we learn that these Syrians of Zobah had sent powerful reinforcements to the Ammonites in their war with David; and he might reasonably, therefore, determine to follow up his victory over. them by extending his power up to the river, so as to guard the fords, and prevent all future invasions. And this Hadarezer would resent. As an able and enterprising man, he had succeeded in making Zobah a powerful realm, and was not likely to submit to having a bridle put upon his adventurous spirit by the posting of an Israelitish garrison on the borders. We learn from 2 Samuel 10:19 that David's object was to prevent aid coming to Ammon from Zobah, and that he succeeded in putting a barrier in Hadarezer's way. We can scarcely doubt, therefore, that the reading in the Chronicles is to be preferred. In 1 Samuel 14:47 we read that Saul had waged war with Zobah, and as David had probably served in it, he would have thereby acquired both a knowledge of the country, very useful in this present more serious expedition, and also have learned the necessity of guarding his dominions against perpetual invasions from that quarter.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

David
דָּוִ֔ד (dā·wiḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse

also defeated
וַיַּ֣ךְ (way·yaḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5221: To strike

Hadadezer
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר (hă·ḏaḏ·‘e·zer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1909: Hadadezer -- 'Hadad is help(er)', an Aramean (Syrian) king

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Rehob,
רְחֹ֖ב (rə·ḥōḇ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7340: Rechob

king
מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Zobah,
צוֹבָ֑ה (ṣō·w·ḇāh)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6678: Zobah -- an Aramean (Syrian) kingdom

who had marched out
בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ (bə·leḵ·tōw)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk

to restore
לְהָשִׁ֥יב (lə·hā·šîḇ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again

his dominion
יָד֖וֹ (yā·ḏōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3027: A hand

along the Euphrates
פְּרָֽת׃‪‬ (pə·rāṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6578: Euphrates -- a river of west Asia

River.
בִּֽנְהַר־ (bin·har-)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 5104: A stream, prosperity

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OT History: 2 Samuel 8:3 David struck also Hadadezer the son (2Sa iiSam 2 Sam ii sam)