Ascribe to the LORD
The Hebrew word for "ascribe" is "yahab," which means to give or to attribute. In this context, it is a call to recognize and declare the inherent qualities of God. This phrase sets the tone for the entire psalm, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging God's supreme authority and majesty. The act of ascribing is not merely a verbal acknowledgment but a heartfelt recognition of God's sovereignty and power. It is a call to worship, inviting believers to focus their hearts and minds on the divine attributes of the LORD, the covenant name of God, which signifies His eternal and unchanging nature.

O heavenly beings
The term "heavenly beings" is translated from the Hebrew "bene elim," which can also mean "sons of the mighty" or "sons of God." This phrase is often understood to refer to angelic beings or celestial entities who dwell in the presence of God. The inclusion of heavenly beings in this call to worship underscores the universal scope of God's glory. It suggests that even the most exalted creatures in the spiritual realm are called to recognize and proclaim the greatness of the LORD. This serves as a reminder of the vastness of God's creation and His dominion over all realms, both seen and unseen.

ascribe to the LORD glory
The word "glory" in Hebrew is "kabod," which conveys a sense of weightiness, honor, and splendor. In the biblical context, God's glory is often associated with His manifest presence and the revelation of His divine nature. To ascribe glory to the LORD is to acknowledge His supreme worth and the magnificence of His character. It is an invitation to reflect on the beauty and majesty of God, recognizing that all glory ultimately belongs to Him. This act of ascribing glory is a central aspect of worship, as it aligns the worshiper's heart with the truth of God's unparalleled greatness.

and strength
The Hebrew word for "strength" is "oz," which denotes power, might, and fortitude. In the context of this psalm, ascribing strength to the LORD is an acknowledgment of His omnipotence and His ability to accomplish His purposes. It is a recognition that God is the source of all strength and that His power is unmatched. This phrase serves as a reminder of God's ability to sustain and protect His creation, offering assurance to believers that they can rely on His strength in times of need. By ascribing strength to the LORD, worshipers affirm their trust in His sovereign power and His capacity to uphold the universe by His mighty hand.

Ascribe to the LORD
The Hebrew word for "ascribe" is "yahab," which means to give or to bring. In the context of worship, it implies an intentional act of recognizing and attributing worth to God. This phrase calls believers to acknowledge God's supreme authority and majesty. Historically, this act of ascribing is not just a verbal acknowledgment but a heartfelt recognition of God's sovereignty, a practice deeply rooted in the worship traditions of ancient Israel.

the glory
The term "glory" in Hebrew is "kabod," which signifies weightiness or splendor. It reflects the inherent majesty and honor of God. In the ancient Near Eastern context, glory was often associated with kingship and divine presence. The psalmist here emphasizes that all glory belongs to God, surpassing any earthly ruler or deity. This glory is not just a visible manifestation but an intrinsic attribute of God's nature.

due His name
The phrase "due His name" underscores the worthiness of God's name, which in Hebrew culture encapsulates His character and reputation. The name of God, often represented as "YHWH," is sacred and revered. This phrase calls believers to recognize the holiness and power inherent in God's name, a theme consistently echoed throughout Scripture. It is a reminder that worship is not just about what God does but who He is.

worship the LORD
"Worship" in Hebrew is "shachah," meaning to bow down or prostrate oneself. This act of worship is a physical and spiritual posture of submission and reverence. In the historical context of the psalm, worship involved sacrifices, offerings, and songs, all directed towards honoring God. This call to worship is a call to align one's heart and actions with the acknowledgment of God's ultimate authority and goodness.

in the splendor of His holiness
The word "splendor" translates from the Hebrew "hadarah," indicating beauty or majesty. "Holiness" is "qodesh," signifying set-apartness or purity. Together, these words paint a picture of God's transcendent beauty and moral perfection. The phrase invites believers to approach God with awe and reverence, recognizing that His holiness is both magnificent and unapproachable without His grace. This holiness sets God apart from all creation, inviting worshippers to reflect on His purity and majesty.

The voice of the LORD
The phrase "the voice of the LORD" in Hebrew is "קוֹל יְהוָה" (qol Yahweh). This phrase is a powerful depiction of God's authority and presence. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a king's voice was a symbol of power and command. Similarly, the voice of the LORD signifies His sovereign power over creation. Theologically, it represents God's self-revelation and His active involvement in the world. The voice of the LORD is not just a sound but a dynamic force that accomplishes His will, as seen in the creation narrative where God speaks the world into existence.

is over the waters
The Hebrew word for "waters" is "מַיִם" (mayim), which often symbolizes chaos and disorder in ancient literature. In the context of Psalm 29, the phrase "is over the waters" suggests God's dominion over chaos and His ability to bring order. This imagery is reminiscent of Genesis 1:2, where the Spirit of God hovers over the waters, preparing for creation. Historically, water was a source of life and a symbol of the unknown, and God's control over it reassures believers of His supreme authority and protection.

the God of glory
The term "glory" in Hebrew is "כָּבוֹד" (kabod), which conveys the idea of weightiness or significance. "The God of glory" emphasizes God's majestic and awe-inspiring nature. In the biblical context, God's glory is often associated with His presence, as seen in the tabernacle and the temple. This phrase reminds believers of the transcendence and holiness of God, who is worthy of worship and reverence. It calls us to recognize His splendor and to respond with awe and adoration.

thunders
The Hebrew word for "thunders" is "רָעַם" (ra'am), which can also mean to roar or to make a loud noise. Thunder is a natural phenomenon that evokes fear and respect, symbolizing God's power and might. In the ancient world, thunder was often associated with divine activity. Here, it illustrates the overwhelming and commanding presence of God. This imagery serves to remind us of God's omnipotence and the awe-inspiring nature of His voice, which can shake the very foundations of the earth.

the LORD is heard
The phrase "the LORD is heard" underscores the accessibility and communicative nature of God. Unlike the silent idols of the nations, the God of Israel speaks and is heard by His people. This phrase assures believers that God is not distant or indifferent but actively engages with His creation. It invites us to listen attentively to His voice, which is revealed through Scripture and the Holy Spirit. The hearing of the LORD's voice is a call to obedience and faith, as His words are life-giving and transformative.

The voice of the LORD
The phrase "the voice of the LORD" in Hebrew is "קוֹל יְהוָה" (qol Yahweh). This phrase emphasizes the power and authority inherent in God's spoken word. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a king's voice was a symbol of his power and command. Similarly, the voice of the LORD signifies divine authority and the creative power of God, as seen in Genesis where God speaks creation into existence. Theologically, it reminds believers of the omnipotence of God, whose voice can command nature and history.

is powerful
The Hebrew word for "powerful" is "בַּכֹּחַ" (bakoach), which conveys strength, might, and force. This word is often used in the context of military power or the strength of a warrior. In the context of Psalm 29, it underscores the idea that God's voice is not just authoritative but also dynamic and active, capable of enacting His will in the world. This serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the assurance that His purposes will prevail.

the voice of the LORD
Reiterating "the voice of the LORD" emphasizes its significance and the need for attentive listening. In biblical literature, repetition is a literary device used to stress importance. Here, it calls believers to recognize and respond to God's voice in their lives, acknowledging its role in guiding, correcting, and comforting them.

is full of majesty
The word "majesty" in Hebrew is "הָדָר" (hadar), which denotes splendor, beauty, and grandeur. This term is often associated with royalty and the awe-inspiring presence of a king. In this context, it highlights the glory and magnificence of God's voice, which reflects His divine nature. The majesty of God's voice inspires worship and reverence, reminding believers of the beauty and holiness of God, who is worthy of all praise and adoration.

The voice of the LORD
The phrase "The voice of the LORD" in Psalm 29:5 emphasizes the power and authority of God's spoken word. In Hebrew, "voice" is "qol," which signifies not just sound but a commanding presence. Throughout Scripture, the voice of the LORD is depicted as a force that brings creation into existence (Genesis 1) and commands nature (Psalm 104:7). This phrase reminds us of God's sovereignty and His ability to influence the world with mere words, underscoring His omnipotence and the reverence due to Him.

breaks the cedars
The imagery of breaking the cedars is a powerful metaphor for God's might. Cedars, particularly those of Lebanon, were known for their strength, size, and durability. In ancient times, they were used in the construction of temples and palaces, symbolizing human achievement and pride. The Hebrew word for "breaks" is "shabar," which means to shatter or destroy. This demonstrates that even the most robust and majestic elements of creation are subject to God's will. It serves as a humbling reminder of human limitations and the futility of relying on earthly strength.

the LORD breaks in pieces the cedars of Lebanon
The repetition of "the LORD" in this phrase emphasizes His direct involvement and control over nature. The "cedars of Lebanon" were renowned throughout the ancient Near East, often associated with majesty and resilience. By stating that the LORD "breaks in pieces" these mighty trees, the psalmist highlights God's unparalleled power. The Hebrew word "Lebanon" is "Levanon," which also carries connotations of purity and whiteness, possibly referring to the snow-capped mountains where these trees grew. This phrase serves as a vivid illustration of God's ability to dismantle even the most formidable aspects of creation, reinforcing His supreme authority and the awe He inspires.

He makes them skip like a calf
The imagery of skipping like a calf evokes a sense of youthful exuberance and vitality. In the Hebrew text, the word for "skip" is "רָקַד" (raqad), which conveys a lively, joyful movement. This phrase suggests the power and majesty of God as He commands nature with such authority that even the mighty mountains respond with the playful energy of a young calf. Historically, calves were symbols of strength and potential, representing the future of a herd. This imagery underscores God's ability to invigorate and animate creation, reflecting His dynamic and life-giving presence.

Lebanon and Sirion like a young wild ox
Lebanon and Sirion refer to the majestic mountain ranges in the ancient Near East, known for their grandeur and strength. "Lebanon" is often associated with its famous cedars, which were highly valued in ancient times for construction and artistry. "Sirion" is another name for Mount Hermon, a towering peak that dominates the landscape. The comparison to a "young wild ox" (Hebrew: "רְאֵם" - re'em) emphasizes the untamed power and majesty of these mountains. The wild ox, or aurochs, was a symbol of strength and ferocity in the ancient world. By likening these mountains to a young wild ox, the psalmist highlights the overwhelming power of God's voice, which can move even the most formidable parts of creation. This serves as a reminder of God's supreme authority over all the earth, inspiring awe and reverence in the hearts of believers.

The voice of the LORD
The phrase "The voice of the LORD" is a powerful motif throughout Psalm 29, emphasizing the majesty and authority of God. In Hebrew, "voice" is "qol," which signifies not just sound but a commanding presence. The "voice of the LORD" is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, often associated with creation, revelation, and divine intervention. It is the same voice that spoke the world into existence (Genesis 1) and that called Moses from the burning bush (Exodus 3). This voice is not merely auditory but is a manifestation of God's power and will, reminding believers of His sovereignty and the awe-inspiring nature of His presence.

strikes
The word "strikes" in this context is derived from the Hebrew "chatsab," which means to cut or hew. This verb conveys a sense of forceful action, suggesting that the voice of the LORD is not passive but active and dynamic. It implies a deliberate and powerful intervention in the natural world. This imagery can be seen as a metaphor for God's ability to penetrate and transform the human heart, cutting through the noise of life to bring clarity and conviction.

with flames of fire
The phrase "with flames of fire" evokes imagery of both destruction and purification. Fire in the Bible often symbolizes God's presence and holiness, as seen in the burning bush (Exodus 3) and the pillar of fire that guided the Israelites (Exodus 13:21). The Hebrew word for "flames" is "lahab," which can also mean a blade or a flash, indicating something sharp and intense. Fire is a purifying agent, refining metals and consuming impurities, which can be seen as a metaphor for God's refining work in the lives of believers. It is a reminder of the purifying power of God's word and presence, which can burn away sin and illuminate the path of righteousness.

The voice of the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the power and authority of God's spoken word. In Hebrew, "voice" is "qol," which signifies not just sound but a commanding presence. The "LORD" here is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, highlighting His eternal and unchanging nature. Throughout Scripture, the voice of the LORD is depicted as a force that brings creation into existence (Genesis 1) and commands the elements (Psalm 29:3-9). This phrase reminds believers of the omnipotence of God, whose voice alone can alter the course of nature and history.

shakes the wilderness
The Hebrew word for "shakes" is "yachil," which conveys a sense of trembling or quaking. This is not a gentle stirring but a powerful, earth-shattering movement. The "wilderness" refers to the "midbar," a desolate and uninhabited region, often associated with testing and revelation in the Bible. Historically, the wilderness was a place where the Israelites wandered and where prophets like Elijah encountered God. This phrase illustrates God's dominion over even the most barren and untamed parts of the earth, symbolizing His ability to reach and transform the most desolate areas of our lives.

of Kadesh
Kadesh, or "Qadesh" in Hebrew, is a significant location in biblical history. It was a major encampment for the Israelites during their wilderness wanderings (Numbers 13:26) and a place of both rebellion and divine revelation. The mention of Kadesh here serves as a geographical anchor, reminding readers of God's historical interactions with His people. It underscores the idea that no place is beyond God's reach or influence, and His voice can bring change and renewal even in places associated with past failures or challenges.

The voice of the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the power and authority of God's spoken word. In Hebrew, "voice" is "qol," which signifies not just sound but a commanding presence. The "voice of the LORD" is a recurring theme in Psalm 29, illustrating God's sovereignty over creation. Historically, the Israelites understood God's voice as a force that brought order out of chaos, reminiscent of the creation narrative in Genesis. This voice is not merely auditory but is a manifestation of divine will and power, capable of enacting change and demonstrating God's majesty.

makes the deer give birth
The Hebrew word for "deer" here is "ayyalot," which can also refer to a doe or a hind. This imagery is rich with meaning, as it portrays the natural process of birth as being under God's control. In ancient times, the birth of animals was seen as a mysterious and divine act, and this phrase underscores God's intimate involvement in the natural world. The act of giving birth is a powerful symbol of life and renewal, suggesting that God's voice brings forth life and sustains creation.

and strips the forests bare
The phrase "strips the forests bare" uses the Hebrew word "chashaph," meaning to strip or make bare. This imagery conveys the overwhelming power of God's voice, which can lay bare the mighty forests. In the ancient Near East, forests were often seen as symbols of strength and mystery, and the ability to strip them bare signifies God's unmatched power over even the most formidable aspects of nature. This action reflects God's ability to reveal and expose, leaving nothing hidden from His sight.

And in His temple all cry, Glory!
The temple here refers to the heavenly temple, the dwelling place of God. The Hebrew word for "cry" is "amar," which means to speak or declare. The declaration of "Glory!" is an acknowledgment of God's majesty and holiness. In the context of worship, this cry is a response to witnessing God's power and presence. Historically, the temple was the center of Israelite worship, and this phrase captures the essence of communal praise and reverence for God. The cry of "Glory!" is a spontaneous and heartfelt response to the revelation of God's divine nature, inspiring awe and worship among His people.

The LORD
The Hebrew word used here is "Yahweh," the personal name of God revealed to Moses in the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal existence and His covenant relationship with His people. Yahweh is not a distant deity but one who is intimately involved with His creation and His chosen people. In the context of Psalm 29, Yahweh is portrayed as the sovereign ruler over all creation, emphasizing His supreme authority and power.

sits enthroned
The imagery of God sitting enthroned conveys His kingship and sovereign rule over the universe. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, a king sitting on a throne was a symbol of authority, judgment, and governance. This phrase assures believers of God's unchanging position as the ultimate ruler, who is in control of all circumstances. It is a reminder that despite the chaos and turmoil in the world, God remains sovereign and His purposes will prevail.

over the flood
The Hebrew word for "flood" here is "mabbul," which is used in the Old Testament primarily to refer to the great flood in the time of Noah (Genesis 6-9). This reference to the flood underscores God's power over the most chaotic and destructive forces of nature. It serves as a reminder of God's judgment but also His mercy and salvation, as He preserved Noah and his family. The flood is a symbol of God's ability to bring order out of chaos and to protect His people through the storms of life.

the LORD is King
This phrase reaffirms the central theme of God's kingship. The declaration that "the LORD is King" is a statement of faith and trust in God's ultimate authority. It is a call to recognize His rightful place as the ruler of all creation and to submit to His will. In a world where human rulers often fail, this assurance of God's eternal kingship provides comfort and hope to believers.

forever
The word "forever" emphasizes the eternal nature of God's reign. Unlike earthly kings whose reigns are temporary, God's rule is everlasting. This eternal perspective offers believers a sense of stability and security, knowing that God's kingdom will never end. It is a promise that His justice, love, and righteousness will ultimately prevail, and His purposes will be fulfilled throughout all generations.

The LORD
The term "LORD" in this verse is derived from the Hebrew "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal, self-existent nature. This name is deeply rooted in the history of Israel, signifying God's unchanging faithfulness and His role as the sovereign ruler over all creation. In the context of Psalm 29, which is a psalm of David, the use of "LORD" underscores the majesty and power of God as the one who commands the forces of nature and is worthy of worship and reverence.

gives strength
The Hebrew word for "strength" is "oz," which conveys might, power, and fortitude. This strength is not merely physical but encompasses spiritual and moral fortitude. In the historical context of Israel, strength from the LORD was essential for overcoming enemies and enduring trials. Spiritually, this strength empowers believers to live righteously and to stand firm in faith. The assurance that the LORD gives strength is a profound comfort, reminding believers that they are not left to rely on their own abilities but can draw from the inexhaustible power of God.

to His people
"His people" refers to those who are in a covenant relationship with God. In the Old Testament, this primarily referred to the nation of Israel, chosen by God to be His special possession. However, from a New Testament perspective, "His people" extends to all who have faith in Jesus Christ, encompassing both Jews and Gentiles. This phrase highlights the personal and communal relationship God has with His followers, assuring them of His care and provision.

The LORD blesses
The word "blesses" comes from the Hebrew "barak," which means to kneel, to praise, or to endow with favor. God's blessing is an act of grace, bestowing favor and goodness upon His people. In the biblical narrative, blessings often include prosperity, peace, and protection. This divine blessing is not earned but is a gift from God, reflecting His love and generosity towards His people.

His people with peace
The Hebrew word for "peace" is "shalom," a rich term that encompasses wholeness, completeness, and well-being. It is not merely the absence of conflict but the presence of harmony and fulfillment in all aspects of life. In the ancient Near Eastern context, peace was a rare and precious commodity, often disrupted by war and strife. The promise of peace from the LORD assures His people of His sovereign control and His desire for their ultimate good. In the New Testament, this peace is fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who reconciles humanity to God and brings inner peace to believers.