When the whole nation
This phrase emphasizes the collective unity and identity of the Israelites as a single people under God. The Hebrew word for "nation" here is "goy," which often refers to a distinct group of people with a shared heritage and purpose. The crossing of the Jordan marks a pivotal moment in their journey, symbolizing a transition from wandering to possessing the Promised Land. This collective action underscores the importance of community and shared faith in achieving God's promises.

had finished crossing
The completion of the crossing signifies a moment of fulfillment and divine intervention. The Hebrew root "avar" means to pass over or through, indicating not just a physical crossing but a spiritual passage from one state of existence to another. This act is reminiscent of the Israelites' crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's continuous guidance and protection. It serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the importance of obedience and trust in His timing.

the Jordan
The Jordan River is a significant geographical and spiritual landmark in the Bible. It represents a boundary between the wilderness and the Promised Land. Historically, the Jordan has been a site of many important biblical events, including the baptism of Jesus. Its crossing by the Israelites is a testament to God's miraculous power, as He stopped its waters to allow safe passage. This event foreshadows the spiritual crossings and transformations that believers experience through faith.

the LORD said
The phrase highlights the direct communication between God and Joshua, emphasizing the divine authority and guidance in the leadership of Israel. The Hebrew name for God used here is "Yahweh," which denotes His eternal presence and covenant relationship with His people. This communication underscores the importance of listening to God's voice and following His instructions, as He is the ultimate source of wisdom and direction.

to Joshua
Joshua, whose name means "The LORD is salvation," is a central figure in this narrative. As Moses' successor, he is tasked with leading the Israelites into the Promised Land. His leadership is characterized by faithfulness and courage, qualities that are essential for fulfilling God's purposes. Joshua's role is a foreshadowing of Jesus (Yeshua in Hebrew), who leads believers into the ultimate Promised Land of eternal life. This connection highlights the continuity of God's salvation plan throughout the Scriptures.

Choose twelve men
In this phrase, the number twelve is significant throughout the Bible, often symbolizing completeness or the people of God, as seen in the twelve tribes of Israel and the twelve apostles. The Hebrew root for "choose" (בָּחַר, bachar) implies a deliberate selection, indicating that these men were not randomly picked but were chosen for a specific purpose. This reflects God's intentionality in His plans and His desire for order and representation among His people.

from among the people
This phrase emphasizes the communal aspect of the Israelites' journey. The men were not outsiders but were selected from within the community, highlighting the importance of unity and shared identity. Historically, this underscores the collective experience of the Israelites as they entered the Promised Land, a journey that required the participation and cooperation of the entire nation.

one from each tribe
The instruction to select one man from each tribe ensures that all tribes are represented equally, reinforcing the unity and equality among the tribes of Israel. This inclusivity is crucial in maintaining harmony and preventing division. It also serves as a reminder that each tribe, regardless of size or status, has a role in the fulfillment of God's promises. Theologically, this can be seen as a precursor to the New Testament teaching that all members of the body of Christ are important and have unique roles to play.

and command them
This phrase indicates a directive given with authority. In the Hebrew context, the word for "command" is "tsavah," which implies a charge or an order that is to be followed with obedience. This reflects the hierarchical structure of leadership established by God, where Joshua, as the leader, is to instruct the people according to God's will. It underscores the importance of divine authority and the need for the Israelites to follow God's commands precisely as they enter the Promised Land.

Take up for yourselves
The act of taking up signifies personal responsibility and participation in God's plan. The Hebrew root "laqach" means to take, receive, or acquire. This action is not passive; it requires the Israelites to actively engage in the fulfillment of God's promises. It is a reminder that while God provides, His people must also take steps of faith and obedience to receive His blessings.

twelve stones
The number twelve is significant in biblical numerology, often representing completeness or the people of God, as seen in the twelve tribes of Israel. The stones serve as a physical and spiritual memorial, symbolizing the unity and collective identity of the tribes. Archaeologically, stones were commonly used in ancient times to mark significant events or covenants, serving as a lasting testimony to future generations.

from this place
This phrase emphasizes the specific location where God performed a miraculous act. The Jordan River was a boundary between the wilderness and the Promised Land, and the crossing marked a pivotal moment in Israel's history. The stones taken from this place would serve as a tangible reminder of God's faithfulness and power at a critical juncture in their journey.

in the middle of the Jordan
The middle of the Jordan River was where the priests stood with the Ark of the Covenant, symbolizing God's presence among His people. This location highlights the miraculous nature of the crossing, as the waters were held back by divine intervention. It serves as a testament to God's ability to make a way where there seems to be none, reinforcing His sovereignty and the importance of His presence in overcoming obstacles.

where the priests’ feet stood firm
The priests standing firm in the riverbed signifies stability and faith amidst uncertainty. The Hebrew word "kun" for "stood firm" conveys the idea of being established or secure. This imagery reflects the steadfastness required of God's people when facing challenges. The priests' role as intermediaries between God and the people underscores the necessity of spiritual leadership grounded in faith.

and carry them over with you
The act of carrying the stones over the Jordan signifies the transition from one phase of life to another. It represents the movement from wandering to settling, from promise to fulfillment. This transition requires effort and commitment, symbolizing the journey of faith that each believer must undertake. It is a call to remember and carry forward the lessons and testimonies of God's faithfulness.

and set them down
Setting the stones down is an act of establishing a memorial. The Hebrew root "yanach" means to place or set, indicating a deliberate action to create a lasting reminder. This act of setting down the stones is a way to honor and remember God's intervention and to teach future generations about His mighty works. It serves as a physical representation of spiritual truths and divine faithfulness.

in the place where you spend the night
The place where the Israelites would spend the night is significant as it marks the first encampment in the Promised Land. It is a place of rest and reflection after a significant journey. This location becomes a sacred space where the community can pause to acknowledge God's provision and prepare for the next steps in their journey. It highlights the importance of remembering God's past faithfulness as a foundation for future trust and obedience.

So Joshua summoned
The name "Joshua" is derived from the Hebrew "Yehoshua," meaning "Yahweh is salvation." Joshua, as the leader of Israel, is a type of Christ, leading God's people into the Promised Land. The act of summoning indicates authority and purpose. Joshua's leadership is divinely appointed, and his actions are directed by God. This summoning is a call to action, reflecting the obedience and readiness required of God's people.

the twelve men
The number twelve is significant throughout Scripture, symbolizing completeness and God's covenant people, Israel. These twelve men represent the twelve tribes, emphasizing unity and collective responsibility. In the New Testament, Jesus also chose twelve apostles, drawing a parallel to the foundational role these men play in God's redemptive plan.

he had appointed
The Hebrew root for "appointed" is "paqad," which can mean to assign, visit, or muster. This conveys a sense of divine selection and purpose. Joshua's appointment of these men is not arbitrary but is guided by God's instructions, highlighting the importance of divine order and structure in fulfilling God's promises.

from the Israelites
The term "Israelites" refers to the descendants of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel, meaning "he struggles with God." This identity is central to their covenant relationship with God. The Israelites are God's chosen people, set apart to demonstrate His power and faithfulness to the nations.

one from each tribe
This phrase underscores the importance of representation and unity among the tribes of Israel. Each tribe has a unique role and contribution to the nation as a whole. The inclusion of one man from each tribe signifies that the memorial stones they are about to set up are a collective testimony of God's faithfulness to all of Israel, not just a select few. This unity is essential for the strength and identity of God's people.

and said to them
This phrase indicates a direct command from Joshua, who is acting under divine instruction. The Hebrew root for "said" is "אָמַר" (amar), which often conveys not just speaking but declaring or commanding with authority. Joshua, as the leader appointed by God, is fulfilling his role as a mediator of God's will to the people. This highlights the importance of obedience to divinely appointed leadership within the community of faith.

Cross over
The Hebrew word for "cross over" is "עָבַר" (avar), which means to pass through or go over. This action is symbolic of transition and transformation, representing the movement from the wilderness into the Promised Land. It signifies a step of faith and obedience, as the Israelites are called to trust in God's provision and guidance.

before the ark of the LORD your God
The "ark of the LORD" is central to Israel's worship and represents God's presence among His people. The Hebrew word for "ark" is "אֲרוֹן" (aron), which refers to a chest or box, specifically the sacred chest containing the tablets of the covenant. The phrase underscores the necessity of God's presence and guidance in the journey of faith. The ark going before them signifies that God leads His people and that their actions should be in alignment with His divine will.

into the middle of the Jordan
The Jordan River is a significant geographical and spiritual boundary. The Hebrew word for "middle" is "תָּוֶךְ" (tavek), meaning the midst or center. This command to go into the middle of the Jordan emphasizes the miraculous nature of the crossing, as the river was at flood stage. It is a testament to God's power to make a way where there seems to be none, reinforcing the theme of divine intervention and faith.

Each of you is to take up a stone on his shoulder
The act of taking up a stone is both a physical and symbolic gesture. The Hebrew word for "stone" is "אֶבֶן" (eben), which often represents strength and permanence. Carrying the stone on the shoulder indicates the weight and significance of the task. This action serves as a memorial of God's faithfulness and a tangible reminder of the miraculous crossing, intended to inspire future generations to remember and trust in God's promises.

according to the number of the tribes of Israel
This phrase highlights the unity and collective identity of the twelve tribes of Israel. The number twelve is significant in biblical numerology, often representing completeness and divine order. Each tribe's participation in this act of remembrance underscores the communal aspect of God's covenant with Israel. It serves as a reminder that God's promises and blessings are for the entire community, not just individuals, and that each tribe has a role in the unfolding of God's plan.

This will be a sign
The Hebrew word for "sign" is "אוֹת" (oth), which often denotes a visible marker or symbol that conveys a deeper spiritual truth or covenant. In the context of Joshua 4:6, the stones taken from the Jordan River serve as a tangible reminder of God's miraculous intervention. Throughout the Bible, signs are used by God to communicate His promises and faithfulness to His people, such as the rainbow after the flood or the blood on the doorposts during Passover. This sign is meant to be a perpetual reminder of God's power and presence with Israel.

among you
The phrase "among you" emphasizes the communal aspect of the sign. It is not just for individual reflection but is meant to be shared and remembered collectively by the people of Israel. This communal memory strengthens the identity and faith of the nation as a whole. In the broader biblical narrative, God often acts within the context of community, underscoring the importance of unity and shared faith experiences.

so that when your children ask
This phrase highlights the importance of intergenerational teaching and the transmission of faith. The Hebrew culture placed a strong emphasis on oral tradition and storytelling as a means of preserving history and faith. By preparing for the questions of future generations, the Israelites ensure that the mighty acts of God are not forgotten. This reflects a biblical principle seen in Deuteronomy 6:7, where parents are instructed to diligently teach their children about God's commandments and deeds.

in times to come
The phrase "in times to come" points to the future-oriented nature of God's works and the enduring relevance of His actions. It suggests that the events of the past have implications for future generations, encouraging them to trust in God's continued faithfulness. This forward-looking perspective is a recurring theme in Scripture, where God's past actions are a foundation for future hope and trust.

What do these stones mean to you?
This question is designed to provoke reflection and discussion, ensuring that the significance of the stones is not lost over time. It invites personal engagement with the account of God's deliverance and challenges each generation to find their place within God's ongoing narrative. The stones serve as a catalyst for storytelling, allowing each generation to recount the mighty works of God and reaffirm their identity as His chosen people. This practice of remembrance is crucial for maintaining a vibrant and living faith.

you are to tell them
This phrase emphasizes the importance of oral tradition and the transmission of faith from one generation to the next. In the Hebrew context, the act of telling or recounting is not merely about relaying information but is a sacred duty to ensure that the mighty acts of God are remembered and revered. The Hebrew word for "tell" (נָגַד, nagad) implies a declaration or making something known, often with a sense of authority and purpose. This underscores the responsibility of the Israelites to pass down their history and experiences with God to their children, ensuring that the covenant relationship with God is maintained.

that the waters of the Jordan
The Jordan River holds significant historical and spiritual symbolism in the Bible. It represents a boundary and a crossing point, a place of transition from the wilderness into the Promised Land. The mention of the "waters of the Jordan" here is a reminder of God's miraculous intervention. The Jordan River, which was a formidable barrier, was parted by God, allowing the Israelites to cross on dry ground. This miracle echoes the earlier crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's power and faithfulness. The Hebrew word for "waters" (מַיִם, mayim) often symbolizes chaos and danger, which God overcomes to deliver His people.

were cut off
The phrase "were cut off" signifies a divine intervention where the natural order is suspended. The Hebrew word used here (כָּרַת, karat) can mean to cut or to make a covenant. In this context, it highlights God's sovereign power to alter creation for the sake of His people. This miraculous event serves as a testament to God's ability to remove obstacles and fulfill His promises. It also symbolizes the cutting off of the old life of wandering and the beginning of a new chapter in the Promised Land.

before the ark of the covenant of the LORD
The "ark of the covenant" is central to Israel's identity and worship. It represents God's presence among His people and His covenant with them. The ark leading the way into the Jordan signifies that it is God Himself who goes before His people, ensuring their safe passage. The Hebrew word for "ark" (אֲרוֹן, aron) is associated with a chest or container, but in this sacred context, it is the throne of God on earth. The presence of the ark in this miracle underscores the holiness and authority of God, who is faithful to His covenant promises.

When it crossed the Jordan
This phrase marks the moment of transition and fulfillment of God's promise to bring His people into the land He swore to their ancestors. The crossing of the Jordan is not just a physical act but a spiritual milestone. It signifies the end of the Israelites' wilderness journey and the beginning of their life in the land flowing with milk and honey. The act of crossing is a step of faith, trusting in God's provision and guidance. It is a reminder that God is faithful to lead His people through challenges and into His promises.

the waters of the Jordan were cut off
Reiterating the miraculous nature of the event, this phrase emphasizes the power of God to control nature. The repetition serves to reinforce the significance of the miracle and its impact on the Israelites' faith. It is a call to remember and testify to God's mighty works. The cutting off of the waters is a divine act that sets the stage for the Israelites' conquest of Canaan, demonstrating that nothing is impossible for God.

These stones are to be a memorial
The stones taken from the Jordan and set up as a memorial serve as a tangible reminder of God's faithfulness and power. In the Hebrew tradition, memorials are significant as they provide a physical representation of spiritual truths. The Hebrew word for "memorial" (זִכָּרוֹן, zikaron) implies remembrance and commemoration. These stones are meant to provoke questions and storytelling, ensuring that future generations understand and appreciate the mighty acts of God. They serve as a perpetual reminder of God's deliverance and the importance of faith and obedience.

Thus the Israelites did as Joshua had commanded
This phrase underscores the obedience of the Israelites to Joshua's leadership. The Hebrew root for "commanded" is צָוָה (tsavah), which implies a directive given with authority. This reflects the hierarchical structure established by God, where Joshua, as the appointed leader, acts as a mediator of God's will. Historically, this obedience is crucial as it demonstrates the unity and faith of the Israelites in following God's appointed leader, which is essential for their success in the Promised Land.

They took up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan
The "twelve stones" symbolize the twelve tribes of Israel, representing the unity and collective identity of the nation. The act of taking these stones from the "middle of the Jordan" is significant because it marks a miraculous event where the waters were held back, allowing the Israelites to cross on dry ground. This serves as a tangible reminder of God's power and faithfulness. Archaeologically, such stone memorials were common in ancient cultures as markers of significant events.

according to the number of the tribes of Israel
This phrase reiterates the importance of each tribe's representation in the memorial. The number twelve is significant throughout Scripture, often symbolizing completeness and divine order. By ensuring each tribe is represented, the memorial serves as a testament to the collective journey and covenant relationship between God and all of Israel.

just as the LORD had told Joshua
This highlights the divine origin of the command. The phrase "just as the LORD had told" emphasizes the importance of divine instruction and the faithfulness of Joshua in executing God's commands. It reflects the biblical principle that true leadership is rooted in obedience to God. The Hebrew word for "told" is דָּבַר (dabar), which can also mean "to speak" or "to declare," indicating the authoritative nature of God's communication.

And they carried them to the camp where they set them down
The act of carrying the stones to the camp and setting them down signifies the completion of a task ordained by God. The camp represents the community of Israel, and placing the stones there serves as a perpetual reminder of God's deliverance and the people's covenantal relationship with Him. This action is not just a physical task but a spiritual act of remembrance and worship, ensuring that future generations would know of God's mighty works.

Joshua also set up
The act of setting up stones is a significant biblical motif, often symbolizing remembrance and covenant. The Hebrew root for "set up" is "קוּם" (qum), which means to establish or raise. This action by Joshua is not merely physical but deeply spiritual, signifying the establishment of a memorial to God's faithfulness. It reflects the importance of creating tangible reminders of divine intervention and guidance in the lives of the Israelites.

twelve stones
The number twelve is symbolic throughout Scripture, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. These stones serve as a collective memorial for the entire nation, emphasizing unity and shared heritage. The stones are a physical representation of the covenant between God and His people, reminding them of their identity and God's promises. The use of stones as memorials is consistent with ancient Near Eastern practices, where stones often marked significant events or covenants.

in the middle of the Jordan
The location "in the middle of the Jordan" is crucial. The Jordan River was a formidable barrier to the Israelites entering the Promised Land, and its crossing was a miraculous event. By placing the stones in the river's midst, Joshua ensures that the memorial is directly associated with God's miraculous intervention. This act signifies that God's presence and power are central to Israel's journey and success.

where the priests who carried the ark of the covenant stood
The "priests who carried the ark of the covenant" represent the spiritual leadership and the presence of God among His people. The Ark was the most sacred object in Israel, symbolizing God's throne and His covenant with Israel. The priests standing in the river with the Ark signifies God's direct involvement and leadership in the crossing. The stones mark the exact spot where God's presence was manifest, serving as a perpetual reminder of His guidance and protection.

And they are there to this day
This phrase underscores the enduring nature of the memorial. The stones' continued presence serves as a lasting testimony to future generations of God's faithfulness and the historical reality of the event. It invites reflection on the importance of remembering and teaching God's mighty acts to subsequent generations. The phrase suggests that the memorial's significance transcends time, continually pointing back to God's unchanging nature and His covenantal promises.

Now the priests carrying the ark
The priests, chosen from the tribe of Levi, were tasked with the sacred duty of carrying the Ark of the Covenant. The Ark, a symbol of God's presence and covenant with Israel, was central to the Israelites' worship and identity. The Hebrew word for "ark" (אָרוֹן, aron) signifies a chest or box, but in this context, it represents the divine throne of God among His people. The priests' role underscores the importance of spiritual leadership and obedience in fulfilling God's commands.

remained standing in the middle of the Jordan
The act of standing in the middle of the Jordan River is significant both physically and spiritually. The Hebrew word for "standing" (עָמַד, amad) implies a firm, resolute position. This steadfastness symbolizes faith and trust in God's power to hold back the waters, allowing the Israelites to cross on dry ground. The Jordan River, often a symbol of transition and change, marks a pivotal moment in Israel's journey to the Promised Land.

until everything the LORD had commanded Joshua was done by the people
This phrase highlights the importance of complete obedience to God's commands. The Hebrew word for "commanded" (צִוָּה, tzavah) conveys a sense of authoritative instruction. Joshua, as Moses' successor, was entrusted with leading the people according to God's directives. The people's compliance reflects their trust in Joshua's leadership and their commitment to the covenant relationship with God.

just as Moses had directed Joshua
Moses, the great leader and prophet, had prepared Joshua for this moment. The continuity of leadership from Moses to Joshua is crucial, as it ensures the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel. The Hebrew word for "directed" (צִוָּה, tzavah) is the same as "commanded," emphasizing the divine authority behind Moses' instructions. This transition of leadership underscores the importance of mentorship and the passing on of faith and responsibility to the next generation.

The people hurried across
The urgency with which the people crossed the Jordan reflects their eagerness to enter the Promised Land and their faith in God's provision. The Hebrew word for "hurried" (מָהַר, mahar) suggests a swift, eager movement. This haste is not born of fear but of anticipation and trust in God's promises. The crossing of the Jordan is a fulfillment of God's covenant and a testament to His faithfulness, encouraging believers to move forward in faith and obedience.

And when all the people had finished crossing
This phrase marks the completion of a significant event in Israel's history—the crossing of the Jordan River. The Hebrew root for "finished" (תָּמַם, tamam) implies a sense of completeness and fulfillment. This crossing signifies the fulfillment of God's promise to bring the Israelites into the Promised Land. Historically, this moment echoes the crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's faithfulness and power in delivering His people.

the ark of the LORD and the priests returned
The "ark of the LORD" is central to this narrative, symbolizing God's presence among His people. The Hebrew word for "ark" (אֲרוֹן, aron) is the same used for the Ark of the Covenant, which contained the tablets of the Law. The priests carrying the ark underscore the sacredness of this event. Their return signifies the completion of their divinely appointed task, highlighting the importance of obedience and reverence in the service of God.

to the people
This phrase emphasizes the communal aspect of Israel's journey. The ark and the priests returning "to the people" signifies God's presence and guidance being restored to the entire community. It reflects the unity and collective identity of the Israelites as God's chosen people. This moment serves as a reminder of the importance of community in the life of faith, where God's presence is experienced and celebrated together.

The Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh
This phrase identifies the specific tribes of Israel that are being discussed in this passage. The Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh were part of the twelve tribes of Israel, descendants of Jacob's sons. Historically, these tribes had chosen to settle on the eastern side of the Jordan River, in the land of Gilead, which was rich and suitable for their large flocks and herds. This decision is recorded in Numbers 32, where they request to remain in the land they had already conquered, rather than crossing the Jordan into Canaan. Their choice reflects a practical decision based on their immediate needs, but it also required a commitment to support their fellow Israelites in the conquest of the Promised Land. This highlights the importance of unity and collective responsibility within the community of God's people.

had crossed over
The phrase "had crossed over" refers to the physical act of moving from one side of the Jordan River to the other. In the Hebrew context, the word used here is "עָבַר" (avar), which means to pass over, to go through, or to traverse. This crossing is not just a geographical movement but a significant spiritual and covenantal act. It symbolizes a transition from the wilderness wanderings to entering the Promised Land, fulfilling God's promise to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The crossing over is a testament to God's faithfulness and the obedience of the tribes to His command. It serves as a reminder that faith often requires action and stepping into the unknown, trusting in God's provision and guidance.

armed
The term "armed" indicates that these tribes were prepared for battle. In the Hebrew, the word used is "חֲלוּץ" (chalutz), which means equipped or ready for war. This preparation underscores the reality that entering the Promised Land involved not just spiritual readiness but also physical preparedness to face the challenges ahead. It reflects the biblical principle that while God fights for His people, they are also called to be active participants in His plans. The image of being armed also serves as a metaphor for spiritual readiness, reminding believers to put on the full armor of God (Ephesians 6:10-18) as they face spiritual battles in their own lives.

in front of the Israelites
This phrase indicates the position of the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh as they crossed the Jordan. Being "in front of the Israelites" suggests a leadership role, setting an example of courage and commitment. It highlights the importance of leading by example and the responsibility of those who are strong in faith to encourage and support others. Historically, this positioning also served a strategic military purpose, as these tribes were experienced warriors who could provide protection and strength to the rest of the Israelites. Spiritually, it reminds believers of the call to be leaders in faith, guiding others towards God's promises with courage and integrity.

About forty thousand
This phrase indicates a significant number of warriors, emphasizing the strength and preparedness of the Israelites as they enter the Promised Land. The number "forty" often symbolizes a period of testing or trial in the Bible, such as the forty years in the wilderness. Here, it underscores the readiness and divine preparation of the people for the conquest of Canaan.

armed for battle
The Hebrew root for "armed" suggests being equipped or girded, indicating that these men were not only physically prepared but also spiritually ready for the task ahead. This preparation reflects the obedience and faith of the Israelites in following God's commands, as they trust in His promise to deliver the land into their hands.

crossed over
This phrase signifies a pivotal moment of transition and fulfillment of God's promise. The crossing over the Jordan River is a powerful symbol of moving from the old life of wandering into a new life of promise and purpose. It echoes the earlier crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's faithfulness and miraculous provision.

before the LORD
The presence of the LORD is central to this event, highlighting that the crossing is not merely a military maneuver but a sacred act of obedience and worship. The phrase underscores the idea that the LORD is the true leader and commander of Israel, guiding and empowering them in their conquest.

to the plains of Jericho
Jericho represents the first major challenge in the conquest of Canaan. The plains of Jericho are strategically significant, serving as a gateway into the heart of the Promised Land. This location sets the stage for the miraculous victory that will follow, demonstrating God's power and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel.

On that day
This phrase marks a specific moment in time, indicating a significant event in the narrative of Israel's history. The context here is the miraculous crossing of the Jordan River, a pivotal moment for the Israelites as they enter the Promised Land. The phrase "on that day" underscores the immediacy and importance of God's actions and timing. It reminds us that God operates within His divine timeline, orchestrating events for His purposes.

the LORD
The use of "the LORD" here refers to Yahweh, the covenant name of God, emphasizing His faithfulness and sovereignty. This name is deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition, signifying the eternal, self-existent nature of God. It is a reminder of His unchanging character and His commitment to His promises. In the context of Joshua, it highlights God's active role in leading and establishing His people.

exalted Joshua
The exaltation of Joshua is a divine act, signifying God's approval and empowerment of Joshua as the leader of Israel. The Hebrew root for "exalted" conveys the idea of lifting up or elevating. This act of exaltation is not merely for Joshua's benefit but serves to establish his authority among the people, ensuring that they recognize him as God's chosen leader, much like Moses before him.

in the sight of all Israel
This phrase indicates that Joshua's exaltation was a public event, witnessed by the entire nation. It was important for the people to see and acknowledge Joshua's leadership, ensuring unity and obedience as they embarked on the conquest of Canaan. The public nature of this event underscores the communal aspect of Israel's journey and the importance of collective faith and obedience.

and they revered him
The reverence shown to Joshua by the Israelites is a response to God's exaltation of him. The Hebrew word for "revered" can also be translated as "feared" or "respected," indicating a deep sense of awe and recognition of authority. This reverence is not just for Joshua as a man but for the God who appointed him. It reflects the proper attitude of the people towards their divinely appointed leader.

as they had revered Moses
This comparison to Moses is significant, as Moses was the quintessential leader and prophet in Israel's history. By stating that the people revered Joshua as they had revered Moses, the text emphasizes the continuity of leadership and God's ongoing guidance. It reassures the Israelites that just as God was with Moses, He is now with Joshua, providing stability and confidence as they face new challenges.

all the days of his life
This phrase highlights the enduring nature of Joshua's leadership and the people's respect for him. It suggests that Joshua's influence and authority were not fleeting but lasted throughout his lifetime. This enduring respect is a testament to Joshua's faithfulness and the effectiveness of his leadership, as well as God's continued presence and blessing upon him and the nation of Israel.

Then
The word "Then" serves as a temporal marker, indicating a sequence of events. It suggests that what follows is a direct continuation of the preceding narrative. In the context of Joshua 4, this word connects the miraculous crossing of the Jordan River with the subsequent divine instructions. It emphasizes the immediacy and continuity of God's guidance in the life of Joshua and the Israelites. This continuity is a reminder of God's constant presence and active involvement in the unfolding of His divine plan.

the LORD
The term "the LORD" is a translation of the Hebrew name Yahweh, which is the covenant name of God revealed to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. In the context of Joshua, it underscores the divine authority and power behind the instructions given to Joshua. It is a reminder of the covenant relationship between God and Israel, highlighting that the events occurring are not merely historical but are deeply rooted in the divine promises and purposes.

said
The word "said" indicates direct communication from God to Joshua. This divine speech is a hallmark of the prophetic and leadership role that Joshua holds. In the Hebrew tradition, God speaking to His chosen leaders is a sign of His guidance and approval. This communication is not just a historical record but serves as an assurance to believers that God is actively involved in guiding His people. It reflects the personal nature of God's relationship with His leaders and, by extension, His people.

to Joshua
The phrase "to Joshua" identifies the recipient of God's message. Joshua, whose name means "The LORD is salvation," is the appointed leader of Israel after Moses. His leadership is characterized by obedience and faithfulness to God's commands. This phrase highlights the personal nature of God's communication, emphasizing that God chooses specific individuals to carry out His will. Joshua's role as a leader is both a fulfillment of God's promise to Moses and a continuation of the divine mission to lead the Israelites into the Promised Land. This serves as an inspiration for believers to recognize and respond to God's calling in their own lives.

Command the priests
In this phrase, the word "command" signifies a direct order or instruction, reflecting the authority of God conveyed through Joshua. The Hebrew root for "command" is "tsavah," which implies a charge or commission. This highlights the divine authority and the importance of obedience to God's instructions. The priests, as spiritual leaders, are to act in accordance with God's will, demonstrating the importance of leadership that is aligned with divine guidance.

carrying the ark of the Testimony
The "ark of the Testimony" refers to the Ark of the Covenant, which held the tablets of the Law given to Moses. The Hebrew word for "Testimony" is "edut," signifying a witness or evidence. The Ark symbolizes God's presence and covenant with Israel. It serves as a physical reminder of God's promises and faithfulness. The priests carrying the Ark underscore the sacred duty of bearing God's presence and the responsibility of upholding His covenant.

to come up
The phrase "to come up" indicates movement and transition. In the context of crossing the Jordan River, it signifies the completion of a miraculous event. The Hebrew root "alah" means to ascend or rise, suggesting not only a physical movement but also a spiritual elevation. This act of coming up from the riverbed symbolizes the Israelites' transition from the wilderness into the Promised Land, marking a new chapter in their journey with God.

from the Jordan
The Jordan River holds significant historical and spiritual importance in the Bible. It represents a boundary and a place of transition. Crossing the Jordan is symbolic of entering into the promises of God. The river itself is a testament to God's power, as He miraculously parted its waters for the Israelites. This event echoes the earlier crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's continual provision and faithfulness to His people. The Jordan serves as a reminder of God's ability to make a way where there seems to be none, encouraging believers to trust in His guidance and provision.

So Joshua commanded
The phrase begins with "So," indicating a continuation or conclusion of previous instructions. "Joshua" is the central figure, a leader chosen by God to succeed Moses. His name in Hebrew, "Yehoshua," means "Yahweh is salvation," reflecting his role in leading Israel into the Promised Land. "Commanded" signifies authority and obedience, a recurring theme in Joshua's leadership. This command is not merely a suggestion but a directive from a divinely appointed leader, emphasizing the importance of following God's ordained leadership.

the priests
The priests were from the tribe of Levi, set apart for sacred duties. Their role in carrying the Ark of the Covenant underscores their spiritual significance. The Ark represented God's presence, and the priests' involvement highlights the necessity of spiritual leadership in guiding the people. Historically, the priests were mediators between God and Israel, and their obedience to Joshua's command reflects their submission to God's will.

Come up
This phrase indicates movement and transition. The priests were to ascend from the riverbed, symbolizing a shift from one state to another. In a broader spiritual sense, "come up" can be seen as a call to rise from a place of trial or testing into a new phase of promise and fulfillment. It is a call to action, reflecting faith and trust in God's provision and timing.

out of the Jordan
The Jordan River is significant in Israel's history, representing a boundary and a place of miraculous events. Crossing the Jordan was a pivotal moment for the Israelites, marking their entry into the Promised Land. The river itself symbolizes barriers and challenges that must be overcome through faith. Historically, the Jordan has been a site of divine intervention, and coming "out of the Jordan" signifies emerging from a place of dependence on God's miraculous power into a new reality of His promises fulfilled.

When the priests
The role of the priests in Israel was significant, serving as mediators between God and the people. In Hebrew, the word for priest is "kohen," which denotes someone who is set apart for sacred duties. The priests' involvement in this miraculous event underscores their role as leaders in spiritual matters and as instruments through whom God often chose to manifest His power.

carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD
The Ark of the Covenant was the most sacred object in Israel, symbolizing God's presence among His people. The Hebrew word for "ark" is "aron," meaning a chest or box, and it contained the tablets of the Law, Aaron's rod, and manna. The Ark's presence in the Jordan signifies God's direct involvement and guidance in Israel's journey, emphasizing His faithfulness to His covenant promises.

came up from the middle of the Jordan
The Jordan River was a significant geographical and spiritual boundary for Israel. The Hebrew word "yarden" means "descender," reflecting the river's descent from the mountains to the Dead Sea. The priests standing in the middle of the Jordan symbolizes God's control over nature and His ability to make a way where there seems to be none, reinforcing His sovereignty and the miraculous nature of Israel's crossing.

and their feet touched the dry ground
The phrase "dry ground" is significant, as it echoes the miraculous crossing of the Red Sea. The Hebrew word "charabah" means dry or parched land, highlighting the complete removal of water, allowing safe passage. This miracle serves as a reminder of God's past deliverance and His continued provision and protection for His people.

the waters of the Jordan returned to their place
The return of the waters signifies the end of the miracle and the restoration of natural order. The Hebrew word "shub" means to return or restore, indicating God's control over creation. This act reaffirms God's power and the temporary suspension of natural laws to fulfill His purposes for Israel.

and ran at flood stage as before
The Jordan River was at flood stage during the harvest, making the crossing even more miraculous. The Hebrew word "male" means full or overflowing, emphasizing the impossibility of crossing without divine intervention. This detail highlights God's timing and the magnitude of the miracle, serving as a testament to His might and the fulfillment of His promises to lead His people into the Promised Land.

On the tenth day of the first month
This phrase marks a significant time in the Hebrew calendar, aligning with the preparation for Passover, which commemorates the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt. The "tenth day" is reminiscent of the day when the Israelites were instructed to select the Passover lamb (Exodus 12:3). This timing underscores God's providential timing and faithfulness, as the crossing of the Jordan into the Promised Land is a continuation of the deliverance that began in Egypt. The "first month," known as Nisan or Abib, is a time of new beginnings, symbolizing renewal and the fulfillment of God's promises.

the people went up from the Jordan
The phrase "went up" indicates a movement from a lower to a higher elevation, both physically and spiritually. The Jordan River, a significant geographical and spiritual boundary, represents a transition from the wilderness wanderings to the inheritance of the Promised Land. This ascent is symbolic of the Israelites' journey of faith and obedience, as they leave behind the old and step into the new life God has prepared for them. The crossing of the Jordan is a miraculous event, echoing the crossing of the Red Sea, and serves as a testament to God's power and presence with His people.

and camped at Gilgal
"Gilgal" becomes a significant location in Israel's history. The name itself is derived from the Hebrew root "galal," meaning "to roll." In Joshua 5:9, the Lord declares, "Today I have rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you," linking the name Gilgal to the removal of shame and the beginning of a new chapter for the Israelites. Gilgal serves as a base of operations for the conquest of Canaan and a place of remembrance, where the twelve stones taken from the Jordan were set up as a memorial. It is a place of consecration and renewal of the covenant relationship with God.

on the eastern border of Jericho
This geographical detail situates the Israelites strategically for the upcoming conquest of Jericho, the first major city in the Promised Land they are to encounter. The "eastern border" signifies the direction from which they approach, highlighting the anticipation and preparation for the battles ahead. Jericho, known for its formidable walls, represents the challenges and obstacles that lie before them. Yet, the positioning of the Israelites at Gilgal, under God's guidance, assures them of His continued presence and victory over their enemies. This phrase emphasizes the importance of divine strategy and trust in God's plan as they embark on the conquest of Canaan.

And there at Gilgal
The word "Gilgal" is derived from the Hebrew root "galal," meaning "to roll." This location holds significant historical and spiritual importance as it represents the place where the Israelites camped after crossing the Jordan River. Gilgal becomes a symbol of new beginnings and the rolling away of the past, particularly the reproach of Egypt (Joshua 5:9). It is a place of consecration and renewal, where the Israelites reaffirm their covenant with God. Archaeologically, Gilgal is identified with several sites, but its exact location remains debated. Spiritually, it serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the transition from wilderness wandering to the Promised Land.

Joshua set up
The act of setting up the stones is deliberate and purposeful. The Hebrew verb "qum" implies establishing or making something stand. Joshua's action is not merely physical but deeply symbolic, serving as a memorial for future generations. It underscores the importance of remembering God's mighty acts and the leadership role Joshua plays in guiding the Israelites. This act of setting up stones is a common biblical motif for creating memorials, seen also in Genesis 28:18 with Jacob's stone at Bethel.

the twelve stones
The number twelve is significant throughout Scripture, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. These stones are not just random rocks but are carefully chosen to symbolize the unity and collective identity of the nation. Each stone represents a tribe, emphasizing that all of Israel participated in the crossing and shares in the covenant promises. The stones serve as a tangible reminder of God's provision and the fulfillment of His promises to the patriarchs.

they had taken from the Jordan
The Jordan River is a critical geographical and spiritual boundary. The stones taken from its midst signify a miraculous event—the stopping of the river's flow to allow the Israelites to cross on dry ground. This act echoes the parting of the Red Sea and reinforces God's power and presence with His people. The Jordan represents a transition from the old life of slavery and wandering to a new life in the Promised Land. The stones, therefore, are not just historical markers but spiritual testimonies of God's deliverance and faithfulness.

He said to the Israelites
This phrase introduces a direct communication from Joshua to the people of Israel. The Hebrew root for "said" is אָמַר (amar), which is often used in the Old Testament to denote not just speaking, but conveying a message of importance or command. This highlights the authoritative role of Joshua as the leader appointed by God after Moses. Historically, this moment is significant as it occurs after the Israelites have crossed the Jordan River, a pivotal event marking their entrance into the Promised Land. Joshua's leadership is crucial here, as he is guiding the people in establishing their identity and faithfulness to God's covenant.

In the future
The phrase "in the future" points to the forward-looking nature of God's promises and the continuity of His covenant with Israel. The Hebrew word used here is מָחָר (machar), which can mean "tomorrow" or "in time to come." This indicates that the actions and events of the present have implications for future generations. It underscores the importance of remembering and teaching God's mighty works to ensure that faith is passed down and that the people remain committed to God's laws and promises.

when your children ask their fathers
This phrase emphasizes the role of family and generational teaching in the faith journey of the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "children" is בָּנִים (banim), which can also mean "sons," highlighting the patriarchal structure of ancient Israelite society. The act of children asking their fathers signifies a tradition of inquiry and learning, where the older generation is responsible for imparting knowledge and faith to the younger. This reflects the biblical principle found in Deuteronomy 6:7, where parents are instructed to teach God's commandments diligently to their children.

What do these stones mean?
The stones referred to here are the twelve stones taken from the Jordan River, set up as a memorial by the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "stones" is אֲבָנִים (avanim), which in this context serves as a physical reminder of God's miraculous intervention in stopping the river's flow for the Israelites to cross. This question from the children is crucial as it opens the door for recounting God's faithfulness and power. The stones are not just historical artifacts but are imbued with spiritual significance, serving as a tangible link to the divine acts that shaped the identity and faith of the Israelite community. This practice of setting up memorials is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, serving as a means to remember and celebrate God's covenantal relationship with His people.

you are to let your children know
This phrase emphasizes the importance of passing down the knowledge of God's mighty works to future generations. The Hebrew root for "know" is יָדַע (yada), which implies an intimate understanding and experiential knowledge. This is not merely about intellectual awareness but involves a deep, personal connection with the events and their significance. Historically, the Israelites were commanded to teach their children about God's faithfulness and deliverance, ensuring that His mighty acts were not forgotten. This practice of storytelling and remembrance is crucial in maintaining a living faith that is vibrant and active across generations. It underscores the responsibility of parents and elders to instill a sense of identity and continuity in their children, rooted in the divine narrative of God's interaction with His people.

Israel crossed the Jordan
The crossing of the Jordan River is a pivotal event in Israel's history, marking the transition from the wilderness wanderings to the conquest of the Promised Land. The Hebrew word for "crossed" is עָבַר (avar), which can also mean to pass over or through. This crossing is symbolic of a new beginning and a fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Archaeologically, the Jordan River has been a significant geographical boundary, and its crossing would have been a formidable task without divine intervention. This miraculous event parallels the crossing of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's power and faithfulness. It serves as a testament to God's ability to make a way where there seems to be no way, encouraging believers to trust in His provision and guidance in their own lives.

on dry ground
The phrase "on dry ground" highlights the miraculous nature of the crossing. The Hebrew term for "dry" is חָרָבָה (charavah), which indicates a completely dry and firm surface, not muddy or damp. This detail underscores the supernatural intervention of God, as the Jordan River was at flood stage during the time of crossing (Joshua 3:15). The drying up of the riverbed allowed the entire nation of Israel to cross safely, demonstrating God's control over nature and His commitment to His covenant promises. This miracle would have served as a powerful reminder to the Israelites of God's presence and power, encouraging them to trust Him as they faced the challenges of conquering the land. For contemporary believers, it serves as a reminder of God's ability to remove obstacles and provide a path forward in seemingly impossible situations.

For the LORD your God
This phrase emphasizes the personal relationship between the Israelites and God. The use of "LORD" in all caps signifies the Hebrew name YHWH, which is the covenant name of God, highlighting His eternal, self-existent nature. The phrase "your God" underscores the personal and covenantal relationship God has with His people, reminding them of His faithfulness and their identity as His chosen people. This relationship is foundational to the Israelites' identity and mission, and it serves as a reminder of God's promises and His active role in their history.

dried up the waters of the Jordan
The miraculous drying up of the Jordan River is a testament to God's power over creation. The Hebrew word for "dried up" (יָבֵשׁ, yabesh) conveys the complete removal of water, symbolizing God's ability to make a way where there seems to be none. This event parallels the parting of the Red Sea, reinforcing God's consistent deliverance and provision for His people. Archaeologically, the Jordan River's significance as a boundary and life source in the region underscores the magnitude of this miracle, as it allowed the Israelites to enter the Promised Land.

before you until you had crossed over
This phrase highlights God's direct intervention and guidance in the Israelites' journey. The act of crossing over the Jordan signifies a transition from the wilderness into the Promised Land, a fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham. The phrase "before you" indicates God's leadership and protection, ensuring the safe passage of His people. Historically, this crossing marks a pivotal moment in Israel's history, as they move from a nomadic existence to establishing a nation in the land God promised them.

just as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea
By referencing the Red Sea, this phrase draws a parallel between the two miraculous events, reinforcing God's consistent faithfulness and power. The parting of the Red Sea is one of the most significant acts of deliverance in Israel's history, symbolizing salvation and liberation from bondage. This comparison serves to remind the Israelites of God's past faithfulness and to encourage trust in His continued provision. Scripturally, it connects the Exodus narrative with the conquest of Canaan, showing the continuity of God's plan for His people.

which He dried up before us until we had crossed over
This repetition of the miracle's description emphasizes its importance and the personal experience of God's deliverance. The phrase "before us" personalizes the narrative, inviting the Israelites to remember their collective experience of God's power. The act of crossing over is not just a physical journey but a spiritual one, symbolizing a transition from slavery to freedom, from promise to fulfillment. This historical event is a testament to God's unwavering commitment to His covenant and His ability to overcome any obstacle for His people.

He did this
This phrase refers to the actions of God, emphasizing His direct involvement in the events described. In the context of Joshua 4, God is the one orchestrating the miraculous crossing of the Jordan River. The Hebrew root for "did" is "עָשָׂה" (asah), which means to make, do, or accomplish. This highlights God's active role in the history of Israel, reminding us that He is not a distant deity but one who intervenes in the lives of His people to fulfill His promises.

so that all the peoples of the earth
This phrase expands the scope of God's actions beyond Israel to include all nations. The Hebrew word for "peoples" is "עַמִּים" (amim), which often refers to nations or ethnic groups. This underscores the universal nature of God's power and His desire for all humanity to recognize His sovereignty. Historically, Israel was meant to be a light to the nations, demonstrating God's character and inviting others to know Him.

may know
The Hebrew word "יָדַע" (yada) means to know, perceive, or understand. This is not merely intellectual knowledge but an experiential understanding. God's actions are intended to lead to a deep, personal recognition of His power and authority. This knowledge is transformative, calling for a response of reverence and worship.

that the hand of the LORD
The "hand of the LORD" is a metaphor for God's power and intervention. In Hebrew, "יָד" (yad) signifies strength and capability. This imagery is used throughout Scripture to depict God's mighty acts, such as delivering Israel from Egypt. It reassures believers of God's ability to act decisively in history and in their personal lives.

is mighty
The word "mighty" in Hebrew is "חָזָק" (chazaq), meaning strong or powerful. This emphasizes the overwhelming strength of God, which is unmatched by any earthly power. The crossing of the Jordan River is a testament to this might, as God controls nature itself to fulfill His purposes. This serves as a reminder of God's omnipotence and His ability to overcome any obstacle.

and so that you may always fear the LORD your God
The phrase "fear the LORD" involves reverence, awe, and respect for God. The Hebrew word "יָרֵא" (yare) conveys a sense of awe and worshipful submission. This fear is not about being afraid but about recognizing God's holiness and responding with obedience and devotion. The historical context of Israel's journey shows that their success depended on their faithfulness to God, and this fear was meant to guide their relationship with Him continually.