Therefore
This word serves as a bridge, connecting the previous discourse to the current exhortation. In the context of Hebrews, "therefore" often signals a logical conclusion drawn from earlier teachings. The author has been discussing the faithlessness of the Israelites in the wilderness and their failure to enter God's rest. This word reminds us that the lessons of the past are relevant to the present, urging us to learn from history and apply its wisdom to our spiritual journey.

while the promise
The "promise" here refers to God's assurance of rest, a theme deeply rooted in the Old Testament. The Greek word "epangelia" signifies a divine pledge, emphasizing the certainty and reliability of God's word. This promise is not just a historical artifact but a living reality, inviting believers to trust in God's faithfulness. It is a reminder that God's promises are enduring and applicable to all generations.

of entering His rest
"His rest" is a profound concept that transcends mere physical rest. In the Greek, "katapausis" implies a cessation from labor, but in a spiritual sense, it represents the peace and fulfillment found in God's presence. This rest is both a present experience and a future hope, symbolizing the ultimate salvation and eternal life with God. It calls believers to strive for a deeper relationship with God, where true rest is found.

still stands
The phrase "still stands" underscores the ongoing availability of God's promise. The Greek word "apoleipetai" suggests something that remains or is left over, indicating that the opportunity to enter God's rest is not limited to the past but is accessible to believers today. This is a call to seize the moment, to recognize that God's invitation is open and active, urging us to respond with faith and obedience.

let us be careful
This exhortation to "be careful" is a call to vigilance and self-examination. The Greek word "phobeomai" can also mean to fear or be cautious, highlighting the seriousness of the matter. It is a warning against complacency and a reminder to diligently pursue God's rest. This phrase encourages believers to be mindful of their spiritual condition, to ensure that they are walking in faith and not drifting away.

that none of you be deemed
The concern that "none of you be deemed" reflects the communal aspect of the Christian faith. The Greek word "dokei" implies judgment or consideration, suggesting that each believer is accountable not only for themselves but also for their brothers and sisters in Christ. This phrase emphasizes the importance of mutual encouragement and accountability within the body of Christ, fostering a community that supports one another in the pursuit of God's rest.

to have fallen short of it
"Fallen short" is a sobering phrase that warns against missing the mark. The Greek word "hystereo" conveys a sense of deficiency or failure to reach a goal. In the context of Hebrews, it serves as a caution against unbelief and disobedience, which prevented the Israelites from entering the Promised Land. This phrase challenges believers to examine their faith and commitment, ensuring that they do not fall short of the glorious rest that God offers.

For we also received the good news
This phrase emphasizes the continuity of God's revelation. The "good news" refers to the Gospel, the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. The Greek word for "good news" is "euangelion," which historically was used to announce a victory or the birth of a king. In the context of Hebrews, it underscores the fulfillment of God's promises through Christ, a message that transcends time and is as relevant to the original audience as it is to us today.

just as they did
The "they" refers to the Israelites in the wilderness, who received God's promises but failed to enter His rest due to unbelief. This comparison serves as a warning and a reminder of the consequences of disbelief. Historically, the Israelites' journey from Egypt to the Promised Land is a powerful narrative of faith and failure, illustrating the importance of trust in God's promises.

but the message they heard was of no value to them
The Greek word for "message" is "logos," which can mean word, reason, or principle. Here, it signifies the divine communication from God. The phrase "of no value" indicates that the message did not benefit them because it was not united with faith. This highlights the necessity of faith in receiving and acting upon God's word. The historical context of the Israelites' unbelief serves as a cautionary tale for the readers of Hebrews.

since they did not share the faith
Faith is the critical element that differentiates those who benefit from the message from those who do not. The Greek word for "faith" is "pistis," which implies trust, belief, and confidence in God. The Israelites' lack of faith resulted in their failure to enter God's rest, serving as a stark warning to the audience of Hebrews and to us today about the importance of faith in God's promises.

of those who comprehended it
The word "comprehended" suggests an understanding and acceptance that goes beyond mere intellectual assent. It involves a deep, personal grasp of the truth that leads to action. The Greek root "syniemi" implies putting together, understanding, or perceiving. This phrase underscores the necessity of not only hearing the word but also internalizing and acting upon it through faith. The historical context of those who did enter God's rest, like Joshua and Caleb, exemplifies the blessings of faith and obedience.

Now we who have believed
This phrase emphasizes the condition of faith as a prerequisite for entering God's rest. The Greek word for "believed" is "πιστεύσαντες" (pisteusantes), which implies a continuous and active trust in God. In the historical context of the early church, this belief was not merely intellectual assent but a deep, transformative faith that aligned with the teachings of Jesus Christ. The early Christians, many of whom were Jewish converts, understood belief as a commitment that involved both heart and mind, leading to a new way of life.

enter that rest
The concept of "rest" here is deeply rooted in the Jewish understanding of the Sabbath and the Promised Land. The Greek word "κατάπαυσιν" (katapausin) refers to a cessation from labor, echoing God's rest on the seventh day of creation. Historically, this rest was symbolized by the Israelites entering Canaan, but the author of Hebrews expands it to mean a spiritual rest available to believers through faith in Christ. This rest is not just a future promise but a present reality for those who trust in Jesus, offering peace and assurance amidst life's struggles.

just as God has said
This phrase underscores the reliability and authority of God's word. The author of Hebrews frequently quotes the Old Testament to demonstrate the continuity of God's plan. Here, the reference is likely to Psalm 95, which warns against unbelief and disobedience. The historical context shows that God's promises are trustworthy, and His declarations are fulfilled in Christ. For the early Christians, this was a powerful reminder that God's word is unchanging and dependable.

So I swore on oath in My anger
This part of the verse reflects God's response to the Israelites' disobedience in the wilderness, as recorded in Psalm 95:11. The Greek word for "swore" is "ὤμοσα" (ōmosa), indicating a solemn and binding promise. God's "anger" (Greek: "ὀργῇ," orgē) is not capricious but a righteous response to persistent unbelief and rebellion. For the original audience, this served as a sobering reminder of the consequences of hardening one's heart against God.

‘They shall never enter My rest.’”
This quotation from Psalm 95:11 serves as a warning and a call to faithfulness. The phrase "shall never enter" (Greek: "εἰσελεύσονται," eiseleusontai) is emphatic, highlighting the finality of God's judgment on those who persist in unbelief. Historically, this was a reference to the generation of Israelites who perished in the wilderness. For the early church, it was a caution against falling away from the faith. The "rest" of God is a profound spiritual reality, symbolizing eternal life and communion with Him, accessible through faith in Jesus Christ.

For somewhere He has spoken
This phrase indicates the author's reference to Scripture, specifically the Old Testament, which was the authoritative text for early Christians. The use of "somewhere" suggests a familiarity with the text that does not require precise citation, reflecting the oral tradition and the deep embedding of Scripture in the community's consciousness. It underscores the belief that all Scripture is God-breathed and authoritative, as seen in 2 Timothy 3:16.

about the seventh day
The "seventh day" refers to the Sabbath, a day of rest instituted by God. This concept originates from Genesis 2:2-3, where God sanctifies the seventh day after creation. The Sabbath is a sign of the covenant between God and Israel (Exodus 31:16-17) and serves as a reminder of God's completed work and His provision for rest. In the New Testament context, it symbolizes the spiritual rest believers find in Christ, who fulfills the law and the prophets.

in this way
This phrase introduces a direct quotation from Scripture, emphasizing the manner in which the truth is conveyed. It highlights the precision and intentionality of God's Word, which is living and active (Hebrews 4:12). The author of Hebrews often uses such phrases to draw attention to the fulfillment of Old Testament promises in the New Testament revelation.

And on the seventh day God rested
The act of God resting is not due to fatigue but signifies the completion and perfection of creation. The Greek word for "rested" (κατέπαυσεν, katapausen) implies cessation from labor, reflecting a state of peace and satisfaction. This rest is a model for humanity, inviting believers to enter into God's rest through faith in Christ, who offers ultimate rest for our souls (Matthew 11:28-30).

from all His works
God's "works" refer to the entirety of creation, which He declared "very good" (Genesis 1:31). The completion of these works signifies God's sovereignty and the order He established in the universe. For believers, this phrase reassures us of God's control and the sufficiency of His provision. It invites us to cease striving in our own strength and to trust in the finished work of Christ, who has accomplished our redemption and secured our eternal rest.

And again in the passage above He says
And again
This phrase indicates a repetition or reinforcement of a previous statement. In the context of Hebrews, the author often revisits Old Testament scriptures to emphasize the continuity and fulfillment of God's promises through Christ. The Greek word used here, "palin," suggests a deliberate return to a significant point, underscoring the importance of the message being conveyed. This repetition serves to remind the readers of the consistency and reliability of God's word.

in the passage above
This refers to a previously mentioned scripture, specifically Psalm 95:11, which is frequently cited in Hebrews to illustrate the theme of rest and disobedience. The author of Hebrews uses this reference to connect the historical context of Israel's unbelief with the present call to faith and obedience. The phrase "in the passage above" serves as a bridge, linking the Old Testament narrative with the New Testament revelation, highlighting the timeless relevance of God's word.

He says
The use of "He" here refers to God as the ultimate speaker of scripture. This attribution emphasizes the divine authority and inspiration of the biblical text. In the context of Hebrews, the author consistently presents scripture as the voice of God, speaking directly to the readers. This underscores the belief in the Bible as the living word of God, relevant and authoritative for all generations. The phrase "He says" invites the reader to listen attentively and respond faithfully to God's message.

Since it remains
The phrase "since it remains" suggests continuity and persistence. In the Greek, the word "apoleipetai" implies something left behind or reserved. This indicates that the promise of entering God's rest is still available and has not been exhausted by previous generations. Historically, this reflects the ongoing nature of God's promises, which are not limited to a specific time or people but extend to all who believe.

for some to enter it
The word "some" here is significant. It implies that not everyone will enter God's rest, but it remains open to those who choose to believe and obey. The Greek word "tinas" is indefinite, suggesting an open invitation rather than a predetermined group. This aligns with the biblical theme of free will and the personal responsibility to respond to God's call.

and those who formerly heard the good news
The phrase "formerly heard the good news" refers to the Israelites who received God's promises through Moses. The Greek word "euangelisthentes" means to be evangelized or to receive good news. This highlights the continuity of God's message throughout history, emphasizing that the gospel is not a new concept but has been proclaimed since ancient times.

did not enter
The phrase "did not enter" is a sobering reminder of the consequences of unbelief and disobedience. The Greek "ouk eiselthon" indicates a failure to achieve or reach a destination. This serves as a warning to the readers of Hebrews, urging them to learn from the past and not repeat the mistakes of their ancestors.

because of their disobedience
The word "disobedience" is translated from the Greek "apeitheia," which denotes a refusal to be persuaded or a willful unbelief. This highlights the root cause of the Israelites' failure to enter God's rest. It serves as a cautionary tale for believers, emphasizing the importance of faith and obedience in the Christian walk. Historically, this reflects the broader biblical narrative of humanity's struggle with sin and the need for redemption through Christ.

God again designated
The phrase highlights God's sovereign initiative in setting a specific time for His purposes. The Greek word for "designated" (ὁρίζω, horizō) implies a determined boundary or limit, emphasizing God's authority and intentionality. Historically, this reflects God's ongoing engagement with humanity, continually offering opportunities for repentance and faith.

a certain day
This phrase underscores the specificity and urgency of God's call. The Greek term for "certain" (τις, tis) suggests a particular, divinely appointed time. In the scriptural context, it points to the immediacy of God's invitation, urging believers to respond without delay.

as 'Today,'
The word "Today" (σήμερον, sēmeron) is pivotal, emphasizing the present moment as the time for action. Biblically, "Today" signifies the current opportunity for salvation and obedience, echoing the urgency found in Psalm 95, which the author of Hebrews references. It serves as a reminder that God's call is always relevant and immediate.

when a long time later
This phrase indicates the passage of time between the original context of Psalm 95 and its application in Hebrews. It highlights God's patience and the enduring relevance of His word. Historically, it reflects the continuity of God's message through different eras, showing that His promises and warnings remain applicable.

He spoke through David
Here, the author attributes the words of Psalm 95 to David, acknowledging the psalmist's role as a prophetic voice. The phrase underscores the divine inspiration of Scripture, with God speaking through human authors. This aligns with the conservative Christian view of the Bible as the authoritative Word of God.

as was stated before
This phrase indicates that the message being conveyed is not new but has been previously declared. It emphasizes the consistency and reliability of God's word. The repetition serves to reinforce the importance of the message and the need for attentive listening and response.

'Today, if you hear His voice
The conditional "if" (ἐάν, ean) introduces a choice, highlighting human responsibility in responding to God's call. The phrase "hear His voice" implies not just auditory reception but active listening and obedience. In the biblical context, hearing God's voice is synonymous with recognizing His authority and responding in faith.

do not harden your hearts.'
The warning against hardening one's heart (σκληρύνω, sklērynō) is a call to remain receptive and responsive to God. In Scripture, a hardened heart signifies resistance and unbelief, often leading to spiritual downfall. The historical context of Israel's rebellion in the wilderness serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of ignoring God's voice. This exhortation encourages believers to maintain a soft, obedient heart, open to God's leading.

For if Joshua
The name "Joshua" in Greek is "Ἰησοῦς" (Iēsous), which is the same name as "Jesus." This can sometimes lead to confusion, but here it clearly refers to Joshua, the successor of Moses. Joshua led the Israelites into the Promised Land, a significant historical event that symbolized entering God's rest. However, the rest Joshua provided was incomplete, pointing to a greater rest to come. This highlights the continuity of God's plan from the Old Testament to the New Testament, where Jesus, the greater Joshua, offers a more profound spiritual rest.

had given them rest
The Greek word for "rest" here is "κατάπαυσιν" (katapausin), which means cessation from labor or a state of tranquility. The rest that Joshua provided was a physical rest in the land of Canaan, a temporary and incomplete rest. This phrase emphasizes that the rest Joshua provided was not the ultimate rest God intended for His people. It serves as a foreshadowing of the spiritual rest found in Christ, which is eternal and complete.

God would not have spoken later
This phrase underscores the divine nature of Scripture, where God is the ultimate author. The reference to God speaking "later" indicates that the promise of rest was not fully realized in Joshua's time. It points to the progressive revelation of God's plan throughout history. The fact that God spoke of another day suggests that His promises are ongoing and that His ultimate rest is still available to believers.

about another day
The "another day" refers to a future time when God's promise of rest would be fully realized. This is a prophetic reference to the rest that believers find in Jesus Christ. The "day" symbolizes a new era inaugurated by Christ's work on the cross and His resurrection. It is a call to enter into the spiritual rest that is available now through faith in Jesus, and it also points to the ultimate rest in the eternal kingdom of God. This phrase encourages believers to look beyond the temporal and seek the eternal rest that God offers through His Son.

So then
This phrase serves as a conclusion or a summation of the preceding arguments. In the context of Hebrews 4, the author has been discussing the concept of rest, drawing from the Old Testament narrative of the Israelites and their journey to the Promised Land. The Greek word used here, "ἄρα" (ara), indicates a logical conclusion, suggesting that what follows is a definitive statement based on the previous discourse. It invites the reader to consider the implications of the preceding verses, which emphasize faith and obedience as keys to entering God's rest.

there remains
The Greek word "ἀπολείπεται" (apoleipetai) implies something that is left over or still available. This suggests that the promise of rest is not just a historical event but an ongoing reality. The use of this term indicates that the opportunity to enter God's rest is still open to believers today. It underscores the continuity of God's promise from the Old Testament to the New Testament era, affirming that God's covenantal promises are enduring and applicable to all who believe.

a Sabbath rest
The term "σαββατισμός" (sabbatismos) is unique to this passage and is not commonly found in other Greek literature. It refers to a special kind of rest, one that is deeply rooted in the concept of the Sabbath as instituted by God in Genesis 2:2-3 and reiterated in the Ten Commandments. This rest is not merely physical cessation from labor but a spiritual rest that signifies peace, fulfillment, and communion with God. It points to the ultimate rest that believers will experience in eternity, a rest that is both a present reality and a future hope.

for the people of God
This phrase identifies the recipients of the Sabbath rest. The "people of God" refers to those who have entered into a covenant relationship with Him through faith in Jesus Christ. Historically, this term was used to describe the Israelites, but in the New Testament context, it expands to include all who believe in Christ, both Jew and Gentile. This inclusive language highlights the universality of God's promise and the unity of believers as one body in Christ. It serves as a reminder of the communal aspect of faith, where the rest promised by God is shared among His people, fostering a sense of belonging and hope.

For whoever enters God’s rest
This phrase invites us to consider the profound promise of entering into "God’s rest." The Greek word for "rest" here is "κατάπαυσις" (katapausis), which implies a cessation from labor and a state of tranquility. Historically, this concept is rooted in the Sabbath rest that God instituted after creation (Genesis 2:2). Theologically, it points to a spiritual rest that believers can experience through faith in Christ, a rest from striving for salvation through works. This rest is not merely physical but deeply spiritual, symbolizing peace with God and assurance of salvation.

also rests from his own work
The phrase "rests from his own work" suggests a parallel between the believer's rest and God's rest. The Greek word for "work" is "ἔργον" (ergon), which refers to deeds or labor. In the context of Hebrews, this rest from work is not about abandoning responsibilities but ceasing from the futile efforts to earn God's favor through human effort. It reflects the core Christian doctrine of salvation by grace through faith, as emphasized in Ephesians 2:8-9. This rest is a call to trust in the completed work of Christ on the cross, allowing believers to cease from their own attempts to achieve righteousness.

just as God did from His
This phrase draws a direct comparison to God's rest after creation, as described in Genesis 2:2-3. The Greek word "καθώς" (kathōs) means "just as" or "in the same way," indicating that the believer's rest mirrors the divine rest. God's rest was not due to fatigue but a completion of His creative work, signifying satisfaction and fulfillment. For believers, resting "just as God did" implies entering into a state of spiritual completeness and contentment, knowing that Christ's redemptive work is finished. This rest is both a present reality and a future hope, pointing to the ultimate rest in the eternal presence of God.

Let us, therefore, make every effort
The phrase "make every effort" is translated from the Greek word "σπουδάσωμεν" (spoudasōmen), which conveys a sense of diligence, eagerness, and earnestness. In the context of Hebrews, this exhortation is a call to action for believers to be proactive in their faith journey. The use of "therefore" connects this verse to the preceding discussion about the rest that God offers, emphasizing that entering God's rest requires intentionality and perseverance. Historically, this reflects the early Christian community's understanding of faith as an active, living commitment rather than a passive belief.

to enter that rest
The "rest" mentioned here is a central theme in Hebrews 4, referring to the spiritual rest that God promises to His people. This rest is not merely physical cessation from labor but a deeper, spiritual peace and fulfillment found in a relationship with God. The concept of rest harkens back to the Sabbath rest in Genesis and the Promised Land rest in the Old Testament, symbolizing ultimate salvation and eternal life. Theologically, it underscores the completeness and sufficiency of Christ's work, inviting believers to cease striving for salvation through works and to trust fully in His grace.

so that no one will fall
The warning here is serious and sobering. The Greek word "πέσῃ" (pesē) means to fall or to fail, suggesting a spiritual downfall or apostasy. This serves as a caution against complacency and unbelief, which can lead to missing out on God's promised rest. Historically, the author of Hebrews is addressing a community that faced persecution and temptation to revert to Judaism, urging them to remain steadfast in their faith in Christ.

by following the same pattern of disobedience
The "pattern of disobedience" refers to the Israelites' rebellion in the wilderness, as recounted in the Old Testament. Despite witnessing God's miracles, they failed to trust Him fully, resulting in their exclusion from the Promised Land. This serves as a powerful reminder and warning to the readers of Hebrews—and to us today—about the consequences of unbelief and disobedience. Theologically, it highlights the importance of faith and obedience in the Christian life, encouraging believers to learn from past mistakes and to remain faithful to God's promises.

For the word of God
The phrase "For the word of God" refers to the divine message and revelation given by God, encapsulated in the Scriptures. The Greek term used here is "logos," which signifies not just spoken words but the ultimate reason and order of the universe, as understood in the context of God's communication to humanity. Historically, the "word of God" has been seen as both the written Scriptures and the living Word, Jesus Christ, who embodies God's ultimate revelation. This dual understanding emphasizes the power and authority of God's message, which is central to Christian faith and practice.

is living
The word "living" comes from the Greek "zōn," indicating that the word of God is not static or dead but active and dynamic. This suggests that Scripture is not merely a historical document but a living force that continues to work in the lives of believers. The living nature of God's word implies that it is relevant and applicable to every generation, capable of speaking into the current context and transforming lives.

and active
The term "active" is translated from the Greek "energēs," meaning effective, powerful, and full of energy. This highlights the idea that the word of God is not passive but is constantly at work, accomplishing God's purposes. It is effective in teaching, rebuking, correcting, and training in righteousness (2 Timothy 3:16), and it has the power to bring about change and growth in the believer's life.

sharper than any double-edged sword
The imagery of a "double-edged sword" underscores the penetrating and discerning power of God's word. In the ancient world, a double-edged sword was a weapon of precision and effectiveness, capable of cutting in multiple directions. This metaphor suggests that the word of God can pierce through the hardest of hearts and discern the deepest thoughts and intentions. It is a tool for spiritual warfare, able to divide truth from falsehood and righteousness from sin.

it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow
This phrase illustrates the depth and precision with which God's word can reach into the human condition. The distinction between "soul and spirit" and "joints and marrow" indicates the ability of Scripture to discern and separate the innermost parts of a person. The soul and spirit represent the immaterial aspects of humanity, while joints and marrow symbolize the physical. This comprehensive reach signifies that God's word addresses every aspect of our being, both spiritual and physical.

it judges the thoughts and intentions of the heart
The word "judges" comes from the Greek "kritikos," meaning able to discern or judge. This highlights the role of Scripture as a divine standard by which human thoughts and intentions are evaluated. The "heart" in biblical terms often refers to the center of one's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. God's word has the authority to reveal and assess the true motivations and desires within us, calling us to align with His will and purpose.

Nothing in all creation
This phrase emphasizes the absolute scope of God's omniscience and omnipresence. The Greek word for "nothing" (οὐδὲν) underscores the totality of what is included—literally, not a single thing. In the context of creation, this includes everything that exists, both visible and invisible. Theologically, this affirms the belief that God is the Creator and Sustainer of all things, as seen in Genesis 1:1 and John 1:3. Historically, this understanding would have been a comfort to early Christians facing persecution, reminding them that God is aware of all circumstances.

is hidden from His sight
The Greek word for "hidden" (ἀφανὴς) suggests something that is concealed or not visible. This phrase assures believers that nothing escapes God's notice. In the ancient world, where gods were often thought to be limited in power and knowledge, the God of the Bible is portrayed as all-seeing. This is consistent with the Hebrew Scriptures, such as Psalm 139:7-12, which speaks of God's inescapable presence. For the early church, this was a reminder of God's intimate involvement in their lives.

Everything is uncovered
The imagery here is vivid, with the Greek word "uncovered" (γυμνός) meaning naked or laid bare. This suggests complete exposure before God, with nothing to shield or hide one's true nature. In a spiritual sense, this calls believers to live transparently before God, acknowledging that He sees beyond outward appearances. Historically, this would have been a call to integrity and authenticity in a world where appearances often mattered more than reality.

and exposed
The Greek term "exposed" (τετραχηλισμένα) carries the idea of being laid open or made manifest. It is a term that could be used in a sacrificial context, where an animal is prepared for offering. This metaphorically suggests that our lives are laid open before God, ready for His examination. In the context of Hebrews, which often draws on sacrificial imagery, this reinforces the idea of living a life of worship and sacrifice to God.

before the eyes of Him
This phrase personalizes the omniscience of God, reminding us that it is not an abstract force but a personal God who sees. The "eyes of Him" is an anthropomorphic expression, attributing human characteristics to God to help us understand His nature. In the Hebrew tradition, God's eyes are often associated with His care and protection, as seen in 2 Chronicles 16:9. For believers, this is a comforting assurance of God's watchful care.

to whom we must give account
The Greek word for "account" (λόγος) can mean word, reason, or account. This phrase underscores the accountability each person has before God. In the context of Hebrews, which emphasizes perseverance and faithfulness, this serves as a sobering reminder of the final judgment. Historically, this would have encouraged believers to live righteously, knowing that their lives would be evaluated by a just and holy God. This accountability is not just punitive but also an invitation to live in a way that honors God, reflecting the transformative power of the Gospel.

Therefore
This word serves as a bridge, connecting the preceding arguments with the exhortation that follows. In the context of Hebrews, it links the discussion of rest and the power of God's word to the role of Jesus as our high priest. The Greek word "oun" indicates a conclusion drawn from previous statements, emphasizing the logical flow of the author's argument.

since we have
This phrase underscores the present possession and continuous relationship believers have with Jesus as their high priest. The Greek "echomen" suggests an ongoing state, highlighting the assurance and confidence Christians can have in their faith.

a great high priest
The term "great" (Greek: "megan") elevates Jesus above the traditional Jewish high priests. In the Jewish tradition, the high priest was the supreme religious leader, but Jesus is described as "great," indicating His superiority and unique role in mediating between God and humanity.

who has passed through the heavens
This phrase signifies Jesus' ascension and His exalted position. The Greek "dielēlythota" implies a completed action with ongoing significance. Unlike earthly high priests who entered the Holy of Holies once a year, Jesus has entered the heavenly realm, signifying His divine authority and eternal priesthood.

Jesus the Son of God
This title affirms both the humanity and divinity of Christ. "Jesus" emphasizes His incarnation and earthly ministry, while "the Son of God" underscores His divine nature and eternal relationship with the Father. This dual identity is central to His role as mediator.

let us hold firmly
The exhortation to "hold firmly" (Greek: "kratōmen") is a call to perseverance and steadfastness in faith. It suggests an active, ongoing effort to maintain one's confession, especially in the face of trials and temptations.

to what we profess
The "profession" or "confession" (Greek: "homologian") refers to the public declaration of faith in Jesus Christ. This confession is not merely verbal but encompasses a lifestyle and commitment to the teachings and example of Christ. The author encourages believers to remain true to their initial commitment, reflecting the transformative power of the gospel in their lives.

For we do not have a high priest
The term "high priest" in the context of Hebrews is deeply rooted in the Jewish tradition, where the high priest served as the mediator between God and the people, especially on the Day of Atonement. The Greek word for "high priest" is "archiereus," which signifies the chief religious leader. In the New Testament, Jesus is portrayed as the ultimate high priest, surpassing the Levitical priesthood. This phrase emphasizes the unique role of Jesus as our mediator, who not only fulfills but transcends the Old Testament priestly system.

who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses
The word "sympathize" comes from the Greek "sympatheo," meaning to suffer with or to have compassion. This highlights the profound truth that Jesus, though divine, fully understands human frailty. The term "weaknesses" refers to human limitations and moral frailty. This phrase assures believers that Jesus is not distant or detached from our struggles; rather, He intimately understands and shares in our human experience.

but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are
The phrase "tempted in every way" uses the Greek word "peirazo," which means to test or try. This indicates that Jesus faced the full spectrum of human temptations. The historical context of Jesus' life, including His time in the wilderness (Matthew 4:1-11), illustrates His encounters with temptation. This phrase reassures believers that Jesus' temptations were real and comprehensive, covering all aspects of human life.

yet was without sin
The phrase "without sin" is crucial, as it underscores the sinless nature of Christ. The Greek word "anamartetos" means blameless or free from sin. This is a foundational doctrine in Christianity, affirming that although Jesus was fully human and experienced temptation, He remained perfectly sinless. This sinlessness is essential for His role as the perfect sacrifice for our sins, fulfilling the requirements of the law and providing a path to reconciliation with God.

Let us then
This phrase serves as a call to action, urging believers to respond to the truths previously discussed in the epistle. The Greek word "ἄρα" (ara) is often used to draw a conclusion or inference. In the context of Hebrews, it connects the reader to the preceding discussion about Jesus as the great high priest. The author is encouraging believers to take the next step in their faith journey, based on the confidence they have in Christ's priesthood.

approach
The Greek word "προσερχώμεθα" (proserchometha) implies drawing near or coming forward. In the Old Testament, only the high priest could approach the Holy of Holies, and that only once a year. However, through Christ, all believers are invited to come near to God. This signifies a radical shift from the old covenant to the new, where access to God is no longer restricted but open to all who believe.

the throne of grace
This phrase is rich with imagery and meaning. In ancient times, a throne was a symbol of authority and power. However, this is not just any throne; it is the "throne of grace." The Greek word for grace, "χάρις" (charis), denotes unmerited favor. This throne is not one of judgment or condemnation but of grace, where believers can find mercy and help. It reflects the character of God as both sovereign and loving, inviting His children to come without fear.

with confidence
The Greek word "παρρησίας" (parrēsias) means boldness or freedom of speech. This confidence is not based on our own merit but on the finished work of Christ. It is a reminder that believers can approach God without hesitation or fear, assured of their acceptance because of Jesus' sacrifice. This boldness is a hallmark of the new covenant, contrasting with the trepidation that characterized the old covenant approach to God.

so that we may receive mercy
Mercy, or "ἔλεος" (eleos) in Greek, is compassion or forgiveness shown towards someone whom it is within one's power to punish or harm. The author of Hebrews emphasizes that God's throne is a place where mercy is abundant. This is a comforting assurance for believers who are aware of their own shortcomings and need for forgiveness. It highlights God's readiness to forgive and restore those who come to Him.

and find grace
The word "εὕρωμεν" (heurōmen) means to discover or obtain. Grace is not only something we receive passively but something we actively find as we approach God. This suggests an ongoing relationship where grace is continually available to meet our needs. It underscores the dynamic nature of God's provision, always sufficient and timely.

to help us in our time of need
The phrase "εἰς εὔκαιρον βοήθειαν" (eis eukairon boētheian) translates to timely help or aid. The word "εὔκαιρον" (eukairon) implies the right or opportune time. This assures believers that God's help is not only available but perfectly timed. It speaks to God's omniscience and His ability to provide exactly what we need, precisely when we need it. This is a profound encouragement for believers facing trials, knowing that God's grace and mercy are perfectly suited to their circumstances.