Psalm 60:9
New International Version
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

New Living Translation
Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who will bring me victory over Edom?

English Standard Version
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Berean Standard Bible
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

King James Bible
Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom?

New King James Version
Who will bring me to the strong city? Who will lead me to Edom?

New American Standard Bible
Who will bring me into the besieged city? Who will lead me to Edom?

NASB 1995
Who will bring me into the besieged city? Who will lead me to Edom?

NASB 1977
Who will bring me into the besieged city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Legacy Standard Bible
Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Amplified Bible
Who will bring me into the besieged city [of Petra]? Who will lead me to Edom?

Christian Standard Bible
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

American Standard Version
Who will bring me into the strong city? Who hath led me unto Edom?

Contemporary English Version
Our God, who will bring me to the fortress, or lead me to Edom?

English Revised Version
Who will bring me into the strong city? who hath led me unto Edom?

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Good News Translation
Who, O God, will take me into the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

International Standard Version
Who will lead me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Majority Standard Bible
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?

NET Bible
Who will lead me into the fortified city? Who will bring me to Edom?

New Heart English Bible
Who will bring me into the strong city? Who will lead me to Edom?

Webster's Bible Translation
Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom?

World English Bible
Who will bring me into the strong city? Who has led me to Edom?
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Who brings me [to] a city of bulwarks? Who has led me to Edom?

Young's Literal Translation
Who doth bring me to a city of bulwarks? Who hath led me unto Edom?

Smith's Literal Translation
Who will bring me to the city of fortification? who guided me even to Edom?
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom?

Catholic Public Domain Version
Who will lead me into the fortified city? Who will lead me all the way to Idumea?

New American Bible
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me into Edom?

New Revised Standard Version
Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom?
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Who will lead me into Edom? Who will bring me into the strong city?

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Who is going to lead me unto Edom and who will escort me to the mighty city?
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who will lead me unto Edom?

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Who will lead me into the fortified city? who will guide me as far a Idumea?

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Victory Through God
8Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.” 9Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom? 10Have You not rejected us, O God? Will You no longer march out, O God, with our armies?…

Cross References
Joshua 15:15
From there he marched against the inhabitants of Debir (formerly known as Kiriath-sepher).

Judges 1:11-15
From there they marched against the inhabitants of Debir (formerly known as Kiriath-sepher). / And Caleb said, “To the man who strikes down Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give my daughter Acsah in marriage.” / So Othniel son of Caleb’s younger brother Kenaz captured the city, and Caleb gave his daughter Acsah to him in marriage. ...

2 Samuel 5:6-9
Now the king and his men marched to Jerusalem against the Jebusites who inhabited the land. The Jebusites said to David: “You will never get in here. Even the blind and lame can repel you.” For they thought, “David cannot get in here.” / Nevertheless, David captured the fortress of Zion (that is, the City of David). / On that day he said, “Whoever attacks the Jebusites must use the water shaft to reach the lame and blind who are despised by David.” That is why it is said, “The blind and the lame will never enter the palace.” ...

1 Chronicles 11:4-6
Then David and all the Israelites marched to Jerusalem (that is, Jebus), where the Jebusites inhabited the land. / The people of Jebus said to David, “You will never get in here.” Nevertheless, David captured the fortress of Zion (that is, the City of David). / Now David had said, “Whoever is the first to strike down a Jebusite will become chief commander.” And Joab son of Zeruiah went up first, and he became the chief.

Isaiah 28:21
For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim. He will rouse Himself as in the Valley of Gibeon, to do His work, His strange work, and to perform His task, His disturbing task.

Amos 6:2
Cross over to Calneh and see; go from there to the great Hamath; then go down to Gath of the Philistines. Are you better than these kingdoms? Is their territory larger than yours?

2 Kings 14:7
Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. He took Sela in battle and called it Joktheel, which is its name to this very day.

2 Chronicles 25:11-12
Amaziah, however, summoned his strength and led his troops to the Valley of Salt, where he struck down 10,000 men of Seir, / and the army of Judah also captured 10,000 men alive. They took them to the top of a cliff and threw them down so that all were dashed to pieces.

Jeremiah 49:16
The terror you cause and the pride of your heart have deceived you, O dwellers in the clefts of the rocks, O occupiers of the mountain summit. Though you elevate your nest like the eagle, even from there I will bring you down,” declares the LORD.

Obadiah 1:3-4
The pride of your heart has deceived you, O dwellers in the clefts of the rocks whose habitation is the heights, who say in your heart, ‘Who can bring me down to the ground?’ / Though you soar like the eagle and make your nest among the stars, even from there I will bring you down,” declares the LORD.

Matthew 16:18
And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.

Acts 1:8
But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you, and you will be My witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.”

Romans 8:37
No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us.

2 Corinthians 10:4-5
The weapons of our warfare are not the weapons of the flesh. Instead, they have divine power to demolish strongholds. / We demolish arguments and every presumption set up against the knowledge of God; and we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ.

Ephesians 6:10-12
Finally, be strong in the Lord and in His mighty power. / Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes. / For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this world’s darkness, and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.


Treasury of Scripture

Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom?

Who

Judges 1:12,24,25
And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjathsepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife…

1 Chronicles 11:6,17-19
And David said, Whosoever smiteth the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain. So Joab the son of Zeruiah went first up, and was chief…

strong city [heb.

2 Samuel 11:1
And it came to pass, after the year was expired, at the time when kings go forth to battle, that David sent Joab, and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the children of Ammon, and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried still at Jerusalem.

2 Samuel 12:26
And Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and took the royal city.

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Besieged Bulwarks City Edom Fortified Guide Led Strong
Psalm 60
1. David, complaining to God of former judgment
4. now upon better hope, prays for deliverance
6. Comforting himself in God's promises, he craves that help whereon he trusts














Who will bring me to the fortified city?
This phrase reflects a plea for divine assistance in achieving victory over a stronghold. The "fortified city" likely refers to a city with significant defenses, possibly symbolizing a place of great challenge or opposition. In the historical context, fortified cities were common in ancient Near Eastern warfare, serving as strategic military and political centers. The psalmist's question implies a reliance on God for guidance and strength, acknowledging that human efforts alone are insufficient. This reliance on divine intervention is a recurring theme in the Psalms, emphasizing trust in God's sovereignty and power. The fortified city can also be seen as a metaphor for spiritual battles, where believers seek God's help to overcome sin and temptation.

Who will lead me to Edom?
Edom, located southeast of Israel, was historically an adversary of Israel. The Edomites were descendants of Esau, Jacob's brother, and their relationship with Israel was often marked by conflict. The mention of Edom here may symbolize a formidable enemy or a significant challenge that the psalmist faces. In biblical history, Edom was known for its rugged terrain and strong defenses, making it a difficult region to conquer. The question "Who will lead me" underscores the need for divine guidance and leadership in overcoming such obstacles. This reflects a broader biblical theme of God as the ultimate leader and deliverer of His people. The reference to Edom can also be seen as a type of Christ's victory over all spiritual enemies, as Christ leads believers to triumph over sin and death.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The author of the psalm, traditionally believed to be King David, who often sought God's guidance and strength in battles.

2. Fortified City
Represents a place of strength and security, often seen as a military stronghold.

3. Edom
A nation located to the southeast of Israel, often in conflict with Israel. Edom is symbolic of opposition and challenges faced by God's people.

4. Israel
The nation of God's chosen people, often in conflict with surrounding nations, including Edom.

5. God's Deliverance
The overarching theme of the psalm, highlighting the need for divine intervention in overcoming adversaries.
Teaching Points
Dependence on God for Victory
Just as David sought God's guidance to conquer Edom, believers today must rely on God for victory over spiritual battles and life's challenges.

Recognizing Spiritual Strongholds
The "fortified city" can symbolize spiritual strongholds in our lives. Identifying and addressing these areas with God's help is crucial for spiritual growth.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
The mention of Edom reminds us of God's control over nations and history. Trusting in His sovereignty brings peace amidst global uncertainties.

The Role of Prayer in Seeking Guidance
David's inquiry about who will lead him reflects the importance of prayer in seeking God's direction and wisdom in our decisions.

Overcoming Opposition with Faith
The psalm encourages believers to face opposition with faith, knowing that God is our ultimate leader and deliverer.(9) Who will . . .--i.e., how can this ancient Divine oracle be fulfilled now in present circumstances? This is the poet's question. He may be a king himself eager for triumph, or more probably Israel personified. (See the plural in Psalm 60:10-12.) Edom is the particular foe in view, and as the difficulties of the undertaking present themselves, misgivings arise and the assurance gained from the triumphs of olden time turns into prayer, half plaintive, half confident, that the Divine favour and power may be once more on the side of the chosen people.

The strong city.--As in the Hebrew the article is wanting, any strongly fortified city might be intended, were it not for the parallelism. Here it must stand for Selah or Petra, the capital of Edom. For its impregnable position (see Note Obadiah 1:3). The question, "Who will lead me into Petra?" is explained by the fact that there are only two possible approaches to the city, each a long narrow tortuous defile, and that the place itself is so buried in its ravines that it cannot be seen from any spot in its neighbourhood far or near.

Verse 9-12. - Rehearsal of God's promises has raised the psalmist out of despondency, and he can now confidently call God to his assistance. Edom is to be conquered, for so God has premised (ver. 8). But how? Who will lead out Israel's armies? Will God, who has lately "cast Israel off"? If not, it must he man. But "vain is the help of man" (ver. 11). So the call is made that God will give help in the trouble - and with the call comes full confidence - and the triumphant cry goes forth, "Through God we shall do valiantly; for he it is that shall tread down our enemies" (ver. 12). Verse 9. - Who will bring me into the strong city? The "strong city" of Edom was Sela, "The Cliff" - now Petra. And it was a city of enormous strength, rock hewn in the main, and guarded by frightful precipices. Who will conduct me through its strong natural and artificial defences, and give me possession of the place? Who will lead me into Edom? Who will even bring me into the country? The Edomites, flushed with their recent victory, will, of course, dispute my entrance. Who will enable me to overcome their resistance?

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Who
מִ֣י (mî)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

will bring
יֹ֭בִלֵנִי (yō·ḇi·lê·nî)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singular
Strong's 2986: To conduct, bear along

me to the fortified
מָצ֑וֹר (mā·ṣō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4692: Something hemming in, a mound, a siege, distress, a fastness

city?
עִ֣יר (‘îr)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 5892: Excitement

Who
מִ֖י (mî)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

will lead
נָחַ֣נִי (nā·ḥa·nî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | first person common singular
Strong's 5148: To guide, to transport

me to
עַד־ (‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

Edom?
אֱדֽוֹם׃ (’ĕ·ḏō·wm)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 123: The name of a condiment


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OT Poetry: Psalm 60:9 Who will bring me into the strong (Psalm Ps Psa.)
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