Proverbs 31:6
New International Version
Let beer be for those who are perishing, wine for those who are in anguish!

New Living Translation
Alcohol is for the dying, and wine for those in bitter distress.

English Standard Version
Give strong drink to the one who is perishing, and wine to those in bitter distress;

Berean Standard Bible
Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to the bitter in soul.

King James Bible
Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto those that be of heavy hearts.

New King James Version
Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to those who are bitter of heart.

New American Standard Bible
Give intoxicating drink to one who is perishing, And wine to one whose life is bitter.

NASB 1995
Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to him whose life is bitter.

NASB 1977
Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to him whose life is bitter.

Legacy Standard Bible
Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to those whose soul is bitter.

Amplified Bible
Give strong drink [as medicine] to him who is ready to pass away, And wine to him whose life is bitter.

Christian Standard Bible
Give beer to one who is dying and wine to one whose life is bitter.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Give beer to one who is dying and wine to one whose life is bitter.

American Standard Version
Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, And wine unto the bitter in soul:

Contemporary English Version
Beer and wine are only for the dying or for those who have lost all hope.

English Revised Version
Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto the bitter in soul:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Give liquor to a person who is dying and wine to one who feels resentful.

Good News Translation
Alcohol is for people who are dying, for those who are in misery.

International Standard Version
Give liquor to someone who is perishing, and wine to someone who is deeply depressed.

Majority Standard Bible
Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to the bitter in soul.

NET Bible
Give strong drink to the one who is perishing, and wine to those who are bitterly distressed;

New Heart English Bible
Give strong drink to him who is ready to perish; and wine to the bitter in soul:

Webster's Bible Translation
Give strong drink to him that is ready to perish, and wine to those that are of heavy hearts.

World English Bible
Give strong drink to him who is ready to perish, and wine to the bitter in soul.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Give strong drink to the perishing, "" And wine to the bitter in soul,

Young's Literal Translation
Give strong drink to the perishing, And wine to the bitter in soul,

Smith's Literal Translation
Ye shall give strong drink to him perishing, and wine to the bitter of soul.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Give strong drink to them that are sad: and wine to them that are grieved in mind:

Catholic Public Domain Version
Give strong drink to the grieving, and wine to those who are bitter in soul.

New American Bible
Give strong drink to anyone who is perishing, and wine to the embittered;

New Revised Standard Version
Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to those in bitter distress;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Let strong drink be given to those who mourn, and wine to those who are of heavy heart,

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Strong drink is given to mourners and wine to bitter souls,
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, And wine unto the bitter in soul;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Give strong drink to those that are in sorrow, and the wine to drink to those in pain:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Words of King Lemuel
5lest they drink and forget what is decreed, depriving all the oppressed of justice. 6Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to the bitter in soul. 7Let him drink and forget his poverty, and remember his misery no more.…

Cross References
Isaiah 5:22
Woe to those who are heroes in drinking wine and champions in mixing strong drink,

Isaiah 28:7
These also stagger from wine and stumble from strong drink: Priests and prophets reel from strong drink and are befuddled by wine. They stumble because of strong drink, muddled in their visions and stumbling in their judgments.

1 Timothy 5:23
Stop drinking only water and use a little wine instead, because of your stomach and your frequent ailments.

Ephesians 5:18
Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to reckless indiscretion. Instead, be filled with the Spirit.

1 Peter 4:3
For you have spent enough time in the past carrying out the same desires as the Gentiles: living in debauchery, lust, drunkenness, orgies, carousing, and detestable idolatry.

Romans 13:13
Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.

Galatians 5:21
and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I did before, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

Luke 21:34
But watch yourselves, or your hearts will be weighed down by dissipation, drunkenness, and the worries of life—and that day will spring upon you suddenly like a snare.

1 Corinthians 6:10
nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.

Habakkuk 2:15
Woe to him who gives drink to his neighbors, pouring it from the wineskin until they are drunk, in order to gaze at their nakedness!

Hosea 4:11
to promiscuity, wine, and new wine, which take away understanding.

Joel 1:5
Wake up, you drunkards, and weep; wail, all you drinkers of wine, because of the sweet wine, for it has been cut off from your mouth.

Amos 6:6
You drink wine by the bowlful and anoint yourselves with the finest oils, but you fail to grieve over the ruin of Joseph.

Ecclesiastes 10:19
A feast is prepared for laughter, and wine makes life merry, but money is the answer for everything.

Psalm 104:14-15
He makes the grass grow for the livestock and provides crops for man to cultivate, bringing forth food from the earth: / wine that gladdens the heart of man, oil that makes his face to shine, and bread that sustains his heart.


Treasury of Scripture

Give strong drink to him that is ready to perish, and wine to those that be of heavy hearts.

strong

Psalm 104:15
And wine that maketh glad the heart of man, and oil to make his face to shine, and bread which strengtheneth man's heart.

1 Timothy 5:23
Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.

of heavy hearts or bitter of soul

1 Samuel 1:10
And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.

1 Samuel 30:6
And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God.

2 Kings 4:27
And when she came to the man of God to the hill, she caught him by the feet: but Gehazi came near to thrust her away. And the man of God said, Let her alone; for her soul is vexed within her: and the LORD hath hid it from me, and hath not told me.

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Proverbs 31
1. Lemuel's lesson of chastity and temperance
6. The afflicted are to be comforted and defended
10. The praise and properties of a good wife














Give
The Hebrew word for "give" is "תְּנוּ" (tenu), which implies an intentional act of offering or providing. In the context of this verse, it suggests a deliberate and compassionate action. The act of giving here is not random but purposeful, aimed at addressing a specific need or condition. This reflects the biblical principle of generosity and care for those in distress, emphasizing the importance of discernment in our acts of kindness.

strong drink
The term "strong drink" is translated from the Hebrew word "שֵׁכָר" (shekar), which refers to fermented beverages other than wine, often with a higher alcohol content. Historically, such drinks were used for medicinal purposes or to provide relief from pain and suffering. In the ancient Near Eastern context, strong drink was sometimes used to dull the senses of those facing imminent death or severe distress, highlighting a compassionate approach to alleviating human suffering.

to one who is perishing
The phrase "one who is perishing" comes from the Hebrew "לְאוֹבֵד" (le'oved), indicating someone who is in a state of ruin or near death. This could refer to physical death or a metaphorical sense of being in a dire, hopeless situation. The instruction to give strong drink to such a person underscores a recognition of their suffering and a desire to provide comfort in their final moments, reflecting a deep empathy for the human condition.

and wine
"Wine" is translated from the Hebrew "יַיִן" (yayin), a common beverage in biblical times, often associated with joy and celebration but also used for its soothing properties. Wine, in this context, serves as a symbol of solace and relief. The Bible frequently acknowledges the dual nature of wine, capable of both gladdening the heart and providing comfort to those in distress, as seen in its use in various scriptural narratives.

to the bitter in soul
The phrase "bitter in soul" is derived from the Hebrew "לְמָרֵי נָפֶשׁ" (lemarei nefesh), describing someone experiencing deep emotional pain or anguish. This could be due to personal loss, grief, or profound disappointment. The recommendation to offer wine to such individuals suggests an understanding of the therapeutic role of community and compassion in alleviating emotional suffering. It highlights the biblical call to support and uplift those who are emotionally burdened, providing them with comfort and a sense of peace.

(6) Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish.--For this is not waste, but an advantageous use of God's gift. (Comp. St. Paul's advice, 1Timothy 5:23.) It was out of a merciful remembrance of this passage that the pious ladies of Jerusalem used to provide a medicated drink for criminals condemned to be crucified, in order to deaden their pain. This was offered to our Lord (Matthew 27:34), but He would not drink it, as He wished to keep His mind clear to the last, and was willing to drink to the dregs the "cup which His Father had given Him."

Verse 6. - There are cases where strong drink may be properly administered. Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish (Job 29:13; Job 31:19). As a restorative, a cordial, or a medicine, wine may he advantageously used; it has a place in the providential economy of God. "Use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities," was St. Paul's advice to Timothy (1 Timothy 5:23). It is supposed to have been in consideration of the injunction in the text that the ladies of Jerusalem provided for criminals on their way to the place of execution a drink of medicated wine, which might deaden the pain of suffering. This was the draught rejected by Christ, who willed to taste the full bitterness of death (Matthew 27:34; Mark 15:23). The Septuagint has, "to those that are in sorrow;" so the Vulgate, maerentibus, but this makes the two clauses tautological. Wine unto those that be of heavy hearts (Job 3:20). "Wine," says the psalmist, "maketh glad the heart of man" (Psalm 104:15). Says Homer, 'Iliad,' 6:261 -

"Great is the strength
Which generous wine imparts to wearied men."
Wine, says St. Chrysostom ('Hom. in Ephes.,' 19), "has been given us for cheerfulness, not for drunkenness. Wouldest thou know where wine is good? Hear what the Scripture saith, 'Give wine to them, etc. And justly, because it can mitigate asperity and gloominess, and drive away clouds from the brow" (comp. Ecclus. 34 [31]:25, etc.).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Give
תְּנוּ־ (tə·nū-)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

strong drink
שֵׁכָ֣ר (šê·ḵār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7941: An intoxicant, intensely alcoholic liquor

to one who is perishing,
לְאוֹבֵ֑ד (lə·’ō·w·ḇêḏ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 6: To wander away, lose oneself, to perish

and wine
וְ֝יַיִן (wə·ya·yin)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3196: Wine, intoxication

to the bitter
לְמָ֣רֵי (lə·mā·rê)
Preposition-l | Adjective - masculine plural construct
Strong's 4751: Bitter, bitterness, bitterly

in soul.
נָֽפֶשׁ׃ (nā·p̄eš)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5315: A soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, passion, appetite, emotion


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 31:6 Give strong drink to him who (Prov. Pro Pr)
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