Strong's Lexicon sunedrion: Sanhedrin, council, assembly Original Word: συνέδριον Word Origin: From σύν (sun, "together") and ἕδρα (hedra, "seat" or "sitting") Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The Hebrew equivalent is סַנְהֶדְרִין (Sanhedrin), though not directly found in the Old Testament, it is related to the concept of the "elders" or "assembly" (e.g., זָקֵן, zaqen, Strong's H2205). Usage: The term "sunedrion" refers to a council or assembly, particularly the Jewish Sanhedrin, which was the highest court and legislative body in ancient Israel. It was composed of chief priests, elders, and scribes, and it held significant religious, legal, and political authority. In the New Testament, "sunedrion" is often used to describe the body that tried Jesus and the apostles. Cultural and Historical Background: The Sanhedrin was a central institution in Jewish society during the Second Temple period. It was believed to have originated from the seventy elders appointed by Moses (Numbers 11:16-17). The Sanhedrin had jurisdiction over religious and civil matters and was located in Jerusalem. It played a crucial role in maintaining Jewish law and tradition, especially under Roman rule, where it was granted limited autonomy. HELPS Word-studies 4892 synédrion (from 4862 /sýn, "identified with" and hedra, "a convening, sitting together") – "a council of leading Jews (Mk 13:9, Mt 10:17), or the Jewish council at Jerusalem, the Sanhedrin (Aramaic form of synedrion), the High Court, the Senate, composed of 71 members comprising members of: high-priestly families, Pharisees learned in the law, and a lay element of Elders" (Souter). 4892 (synédrion) is also used of the smaller councils ("lower courts") throughout Israel which consisted of 23 members (cf. Mt 5:21,22). [The Great Sanhedrin met in Jerusalem and basically lacked jurisdiction in Galilee and Samaria (Dr. Maclean, Hasting's Dict. of Ap. Ch.). Local synagogues however exercised considerable authority (see C. Bigg, St. Peter and Jude, 25).] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom sun and the same as hedraios Definition a sitting together, hence a council, spec. the Sanhedrin NASB Translation council (19), courts (2), supreme court (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4892: συνέδριονσυνέδριον, συνεδρίου, τό (σύν and ἕδρα; hence, properly, 'a sitting together'), in Greek authors from Herodotus down, any assembly (especially of magistrates, judges, ambassadors), whether convened to deliberate or to pass judgment; Vulg.concilium; in the Scriptures 1. any session or assembly of persons deliberating or adjudicating (Proverbs 22:10; Psalm 25:4 2. specifically, a. the Sanhedrin, the great council at Jerusalem (Talmud, סַנְהֵדְרִין), consisting of seventy-one members, viz. scribes (see γραμματεύς, 2), elders, prominent members of the high priestly families (hence, called ἀρχιερεῖς; see ἀρχειρευς, 2), and the high priest, the president of the body. The fullest periphrasis for Sanhedrin is found in Matthew 26:3 R G; Mark 14:43, 53 (viz. οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καί οἱ γραμματεῖς καί οἱ πρεσβύτεροι). The more important causes were brought before this tribunal, inasmuch as the Roman rulers of Judaea had left to it the power of trying such cases, and also of pronouncing sentence of death, with the limitation that a capital sentence pronounced by the Sanhedrin was not valid unless it were confirmed by the Roman procurator (cf. John 18:31; Josephus, Antiquities 20, 9, 1). The Jews trace the origin of the Sanhedrin to Numbers 11:16f. The Sanhedrin (A. V. council) is mentioned in Matthew 5:22; Matthew 26:59; Mark 14:55; Mark 15:1; Luke 22:66;. Acts 4:15; Acts 5:21, 27, 34, 41; Acts 6:12, 15; Acts 22:30; Acts 23:1, 6, 15, 20, 28; Acts 24:20; used ((as in classical Greek)) of the place of meeting in Acts 4:15. b. the smaller tribunal or council (so A. V.) which every Jewish town had for the decision of the less important cases (see κρίσις, 4): Matthew 10:17; Mark 13:9. Cf. Winers RWB under the word Synedrium; Leyrer in Herzog edition 1 under the word Synedrium (Strack in edition 2); Schürer, Neutest. Zeitgesch. 2te Aufl. § 23, II., III. (and in Riehm, p. 1595ff); Holtzmann in Schenkel see, p. 446ff; (BB. DD., under the word Neuter of a presumed derivative of a compound of sun and the base of hedraios; a joint session, i.e. (specially), the Jewish Sanhedrin; by analogy, a subordinate tribunal -- council. see GREEK sun see GREEK hedraios Englishman's Concordance Matthew 5:22 N-DNSGRK: ἔσται τῷ συνεδρίῳ ὃς δ' NAS: shall be guilty before the supreme court; and whoever KJV: in danger of the council: but INT: will be to the Sanhedrin whoever moreover Matthew 10:17 N-ANP Matthew 26:59 N-NNS Mark 13:9 N-ANP Mark 14:55 N-NNS Mark 15:1 N-NNS Luke 22:66 N-ANS John 11:47 N-ANS Acts 4:15 N-GNS Acts 5:21 N-ANS Acts 5:27 N-DNS Acts 5:34 N-DNS Acts 5:41 N-GNS Acts 6:12 N-ANS Acts 6:15 N-DNS Acts 22:30 N-ANS Acts 23:1 N-DNS Acts 23:6 N-DNS Acts 23:15 N-DNS Acts 23:20 N-ANS Acts 23:28 N-ANS Acts 24:20 N-GNS Strong's Greek 4892 |
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