Genesis 21:32
New International Version
After the treaty had been made at Beersheba, Abimelek and Phicol the commander of his forces returned to the land of the Philistines.

New Living Translation
After making their covenant at Beersheba, Abimelech left with Phicol, the commander of his army, and they returned home to the land of the Philistines.

English Standard Version
So they made a covenant at Beersheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army rose up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Berean Standard Bible
After they had made the covenant at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army got up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

King James Bible
Thus they made a covenant at Beersheba: then Abimelech rose up, and Phichol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

New King James Version
Thus they made a covenant at Beersheba. So Abimelech rose with Phichol, the commander of his army, and they returned to the land of the Philistines.

New American Standard Bible
So they made a covenant at Beersheba; and Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, got up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

NASB 1995
So they made a covenant at Beersheba; and Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, arose and returned to the land of the Philistines.

NASB 1977
So they made a covenant at Beersheba; and Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, arose and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Legacy Standard Bible
So they cut a covenant at Beersheba; and Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, arose and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Amplified Bible
So they made a covenant at Beersheba; then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, got up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Christian Standard Bible
After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.

American Standard Version
So they made a covenant at Beer-sheba: and Abimelech rose up, and Phicol the captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

Contemporary English Version
When the treaty was completed, Abimelech and his army commander Phicol went back to the land of the Philistines.

English Revised Version
So they made a covenant at Beer-sheba: and Abimelech rose up, and Phicol the captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
After they made the treaty at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and went back to the land of the Philistines.

Good News Translation
After they had made this agreement at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol went back to Philistia.

International Standard Version
So after they had made a covenant in Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to Philistine territory.

Majority Standard Bible
After they had made the covenant at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army got up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

NET Bible
So they made a treaty at Beer Sheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, returned to the land of the Philistines.

New Heart English Bible
So they made a covenant at Beersheba. Abimelech rose up with Phicol, the commander of his army, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

Webster's Bible Translation
Thus they made a covenant at Beer-sheba: Then Abimelech arose, and Phichol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

World English Bible
So they made a covenant at Beersheba. Abimelech rose up with Phicol, the captain of his army, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And they make a covenant in Beer-Sheba, and Abimelech rises—Phichol also, head of his host—and they return to the land of the Philistines;

Young's Literal Translation
And they make a covenant in Beer-Sheba, and Abimelech riseth -- Phichol also, head of his host -- and they turn back unto the land of the Philistines;

Smith's Literal Translation
And they will make a covenant, at the well of the oath, and Abimelech will rise up, and Phicol, the leader of his army, and they will turn back to the land of the Philistines,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And they made a league for the well of oath.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And they initiated a pact on behalf of the well of oath.

New American Bible
When they had thus made the covenant in Beer-sheba, Abimelech, along with Phicol, the commander of his army, left to return to the land of the Philistines.

New Revised Standard Version
When they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech, with Phicol the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Thus they made a covenant at Beer-sheba; then Abimeleck and Phichol, the general of the army, rose up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they made a covenant in Beersheba; Abimelek and Phikol the Captain of his army rose up and they returned to the land of the Philistines.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
So they made a covenant at Beer-sheba; and Abimelech rose up, and Phicol the captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And they made a covenant at the well of the oath. And there rose up Abimelech, Ochozath his friend, and Phichol the commander-in-chief of his army, and they returned to the land of the Phylistines.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Covenant at Beersheba
31So that place was called Beersheba, because it was there that the two of them swore an oath. 32After they had made the covenant at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army got up and returned to the land of the Philistines. 33And Abraham planted a tamarisk tree in Beersheba, and there he called upon the name of the LORD, the Eternal God.…

Cross References
Genesis 26:26-31
Later, Abimelech came to Isaac from Gerar, with Ahuzzath his adviser and Phicol the commander of his army. / “Why have you come to me?” Isaac asked them. “You hated me and sent me away.” / “We can plainly see that the LORD has been with you,” they replied. “We recommend that there should now be an oath between us and you. Let us make a covenant with you ...

Genesis 31:44-54
Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.” / So Jacob picked out a stone and set it up as a pillar, / and he said to his relatives, “Gather some stones.” So they took stones and made a mound, and there by the mound they ate. ...

Joshua 9:15
And Joshua made a treaty of peace with them to let them live, and the leaders of the congregation swore an oath to them.

1 Samuel 20:42
And Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, for the two of us have sworn in the name of the LORD, saying, ‘May the LORD be a witness between you and me, and between your descendants and mine forever.’” Then David got up and departed, and Jonathan went back into the city.

1 Kings 5:12
And the LORD gave Solomon wisdom, as He had promised him. There was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and the two of them made a treaty.

2 Samuel 21:2
At this, David summoned the Gibeonites and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not Israelites, but a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had taken an oath concerning them, but in his zeal for Israel and Judah, Saul had sought to kill them.)

Judges 2:2
and you are not to make a covenant with the people of this land, but you shall tear down their altars.’ Yet you have not obeyed My voice. What is this you have done?

Exodus 23:32
You shall make no covenant with them or with their gods.

Deuteronomy 7:2
and when the LORD your God has delivered them over to you to defeat them, then you must devote them to complete destruction. Make no treaty with them and show them no mercy.

Psalm 105:8-10
He remembers His covenant forever, the word He ordained for a thousand generations— / the covenant He made with Abraham, and the oath He swore to Isaac. / He confirmed it to Jacob as a decree, to Israel as an everlasting covenant:

Isaiah 33:8
The highways are deserted; travel has ceased. The treaty has been broken, the witnesses are despised, and human life is disregarded.

Ezekiel 17:13-16
He took a member of the royal family and made a covenant with him, putting him under oath. Then he carried away the leading men of the land, / so that the kingdom would be brought low, unable to lift itself up, surviving only by keeping his covenant. / But this king rebelled against Babylon by sending his envoys to Egypt to ask for horses and a large army. Will he flourish? Will the one who does such things escape? Can he break a covenant and yet escape?’ ...

Matthew 5:37
Simply let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’ Anything more comes from the evil one.

Hebrews 6:16
Men swear by someone greater than themselves, and their oath serves as a confirmation to end all argument.

Galatians 3:15
Brothers, let me put this in human terms. Even a human covenant, once it is ratified, cannot be canceled or amended.


Treasury of Scripture

Thus they made a covenant at Beersheba: then Abimelech rose up, and Phichol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines.

Genesis 21:27
And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant.

Genesis 14:13
And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.

Genesis 31:53
The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob sware by the fear of his father Isaac.

the Philistines.

Genesis 10:14
And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (out of whom came Philistim,) and Caphtorim.

Genesis 26:8,14
And it came to pass, when he had been there a long time, that Abimelech king of the Philistines looked out at a window, and saw, and, behold, Isaac was sporting with Rebekah his wife…

Exodus 13:17
And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said, Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt:

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Abimelech Abim'elech Army Beersheba Beer-Sheba Captain Chief Commander Covenant Forces Head Host Phichol Phicol Philistines Riseth Rose Turn
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Abimelech Abim'elech Army Beersheba Beer-Sheba Captain Chief Commander Covenant Forces Head Host Phichol Phicol Philistines Riseth Rose Turn
Genesis 21
1. Isaac is born, and circumcised.
6. Sarah's joy.
8. Isaac is weaned.
9. Hagar and Ishmael sent away.
15. Hagar in distress.
17. The angel relieves and comforts her.
23. Abimelech's covenant with Abraham at Beersheba.














So they made a covenant
The phrase "made a covenant" is rooted in the Hebrew word "karath," which means "to cut." This reflects the ancient practice of cutting animals in two and passing between the pieces to signify a binding agreement. Covenants in the biblical context are solemn and sacred, often involving God as a witness. This act at Beersheba signifies a formal and serious agreement between Abraham and Abimelech, highlighting the importance of peace and mutual respect in relationships.

at Beersheba
Beersheba, meaning "well of the oath" or "well of seven," is a significant location in biblical history. It becomes a central place for the patriarchs, symbolizing God's provision and faithfulness. Archaeological evidence suggests Beersheba was a well-established settlement, underscoring its importance as a site of sustenance and survival in the arid Negev region. The naming of Beersheba here marks it as a place of divine encounter and human agreement.

and Abimelech
Abimelech, meaning "my father is king," is a title rather than a personal name, often used for Philistine rulers. His presence in this narrative indicates the political and social interactions between the patriarchs and surrounding nations. Abimelech's willingness to enter into a covenant with Abraham shows a recognition of Abraham's growing influence and the need for peaceful coexistence.

and Phicol the commander of his army
Phicol, whose name means "strong," represents the military strength and authority of Abimelech's rule. His inclusion in the covenant-making process emphasizes the seriousness of the agreement and the desire for security and stability. It reflects the practice of involving military leaders in political treaties to ensure enforcement and protection.

got up and returned
The act of getting up and returning signifies the completion of the covenant process and the return to normalcy. It indicates a successful negotiation and the establishment of peace. This movement also symbolizes the transition from conflict to harmony, a theme prevalent throughout the biblical narrative.

to the land of the Philistines
The Philistines were a significant people group in the ancient Near East, often depicted as adversaries of Israel. Their land, located along the coastal regions of Canaan, was strategically important. This reference situates the narrative within a broader geopolitical context, highlighting the interactions between God's chosen people and the surrounding nations. The peaceful return to Philistine territory underscores the effectiveness of the covenant in maintaining regional stability.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
After they had made
וַיִּכְרְת֥וּ (way·yiḵ·rə·ṯū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3772: To cut, to destroy, consume, to covenant

the covenant
בְרִ֖ית (ḇə·rîṯ)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1285: A covenant

at Beersheba,
שָׁ֑בַע (šā·ḇa‘)
Preposition | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 884: Beersheba -- 'well of seven', a place in the Negev

Abimelech
אֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ (’ă·ḇî·me·leḵ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 40: Abimelech -- 'father is king', a Philistine name, also an Israelite name

and Phicol
וּפִיכֹל֙ (ū·p̄î·ḵōl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6369: Phicol -- commander of Abimelech's army

the commander
שַׂר־ (śar-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince

of his army
צְבָא֔וֹ (ṣə·ḇā·’ōw)
Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6635: A mass of persons, reg, organized for, war, a campaign

got up
וַיָּ֣קָם (way·yā·qām)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

and returned
וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ (way·yā·šu·ḇū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again

to
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

the land
אֶ֥רֶץ (’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776: Earth, land

of the Philistines.
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ (pə·liš·tîm)
Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 6430: Philistines -- inhabitants of Philistia


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OT Law: Genesis 21:32 So they made a covenant at Beersheba (Gen. Ge Gn)
Genesis 21:31
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