2 Chronicles 1:2
New International Version
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel—to the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds, to the judges and to all the leaders in Israel, the heads of families—

New Living Translation
Solomon called together all the leaders of Israel—the generals and captains of the army, the judges, and all the political and clan leaders.

English Standard Version
Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to all the leaders in all Israel, the heads of fathers’ houses.

Berean Standard Bible
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel—the heads of the families.

King James Bible
Then Solomon spake unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers.

New King James Version
And Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ houses.

New American Standard Bible
And Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands, of hundreds, and to the judges and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households.

NASB 1995
Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and to the judges and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households.

NASB 1977
And Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and to the judges and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households.

Legacy Standard Bible
And Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and to the judges and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households.

Amplified Bible
Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds and to the judges and to every leader in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ (ancestors’) households.

Christian Standard Bible
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel—the family heads.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel—the heads of the families.

American Standard Version
And Solomon spake unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the fathers' houses.

English Revised Version
And Solomon spake unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the fathers' houses.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Solomon spoke to all Israel-to the commanders of regiments and battalions, judges, every prince, and the heads of Israel's families.

Good News Translation
King Solomon gave an order to all the officers in charge of units of a thousand men and of a hundred men, all the government officials, all the heads of families, and all the rest of the people,

International Standard Version
Solomon addressed the entire nation of Israel, including the commanders of thousands and hundreds, the judges, all the other leaders of Israel, and all of the heads of the ancestral houses of Israel.

Majority Standard Bible
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel?the heads of the families.

NET Bible
Solomon addressed all Israel, including those who commanded units of a thousand and a hundred, the judges, and all the leaders of all Israel who were heads of families.

New Heart English Bible
Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the ancestral houses.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers.

World English Bible
Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Solomon says to all Israel, to heads of the thousands, and of the hundreds, and to the ones judging, and to every honorable one of all Israel, heads of the fathers,

Young's Literal Translation
And Solomon saith to all Israel, to heads of the thousands, and of the hundreds, and to judges, and to every honourable one of all Israel, heads of the fathers,

Smith's Literal Translation
And Solomon will say to all Israel, to the chiefs of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every prince to all Israel, the heads of the fathers.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Solomon gave orders to all Israel, to the captains of thousands, and of hundreds, and to the rulers, and to the judges of all Israel, and the heads of the families:

Catholic Public Domain Version
And Solomon instructed the whole of Israel, the tribunes, and the centurions, and the rulers, and the judges over all of Israel, and the leaders of the families.

New American Bible
Solomon summoned all Israel, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, the judges, the princes of all Israel, and the family heads;

New Revised Standard Version
Solomon summoned all Israel, the commanders of the thousands and of the hundreds, the judges, and all the leaders of all Israel, the heads of families.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to all the princes, the chiefs of the fathers.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Solomon said to all Israel, to the Commanders of thousands and of hundreds and to the Judges and to all the Princes, the Chiefs of the fathers.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Solomon spoke unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the fathers' houses.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands, and to the captains of hundreds, and to the judges, and to all the rulers over Israel, even the heads of the families;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Solomon Worships at Gibeon
1Now Solomon son of David established himself securely over his kingdom, and the LORD his God was with him and highly exalted him. 2Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every leader in all Israel— the heads of the families. 3And Solomon and the whole assembly went to the high place at Gibeon because it was the location of God’s Tent of Meeting, which Moses the servant of the LORD had made in the wilderness.…

Cross References
1 Kings 3:4-15
Now the king went to Gibeon to sacrifice there, for it was the great high place. Solomon offered a thousand burnt offerings on the altar there. / One night at Gibeon the LORD appeared to Solomon in a dream, and God said, “Ask, and I will give it to you!” / Solomon replied, “You have shown much loving devotion to Your servant, my father David, because he walked before You in faithfulness, righteousness, and uprightness of heart. And You have maintained this loving devotion by giving him a son to sit on his throne this very day. ...

1 Kings 4:1-7
So King Solomon ruled over Israel, / and these were his chief officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest; / Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; ...

1 Chronicles 28:1
Now David summoned all the leaders of Israel to Jerusalem: the leaders of the tribes, the leaders of the divisions in the king’s service, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and the officials in charge of all the property and cattle of the king and his sons, along with the court officials and mighty men—every mighty man of valor.

1 Chronicles 29:23-25
So Solomon sat on the throne of the LORD as king in place of his father David. He prospered, and all Israel obeyed him. / All the officials and mighty men, as well as all of King David’s sons, pledged their allegiance to King Solomon. / The LORD highly exalted Solomon in the sight of all Israel and bestowed on him royal majesty such as had not been bestowed on any king in Israel before him.

1 Kings 2:12
So Solomon sat on the throne of his father David, and his kingdom was firmly established.

1 Kings 8:1-5
At that time Solomon assembled before him in Jerusalem the elders of Israel—all the tribal heads and family leaders of the Israelites—to bring up the ark of the covenant of the LORD from Zion, the City of David. / And all the men of Israel came together to King Solomon at the feast in the seventh month, the month of Ethanim. / When all the elders of Israel had arrived, the priests took up the ark, ...

1 Kings 10:23-25
So King Solomon surpassed all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom. / The whole world sought an audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom that God had put in his heart. / Year after year, each visitor would bring his tribute: articles of silver and gold, clothing, weapons, spices, horses, and mules.

1 Kings 11:42-43
Thus the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was forty years. / And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.

1 Kings 12:1
Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king.

1 Chronicles 22:17-19
Then David ordered all the leaders of Israel to help his son Solomon: / “Is not the LORD your God with you, and has He not granted you rest on every side? For He has given the inhabitants of the land into my hand, and the land has been subdued before the LORD and His people. / Now set your heart and soul to seek the LORD your God. Begin building the sanctuary of the LORD God, so that you may bring the ark of the covenant of the LORD and the holy articles of God into the temple that will be built for the Name of the LORD.”

1 Chronicles 23:1-2
When David was old and full of years, he installed his son Solomon as king over Israel. / Then he gathered all the leaders of Israel, as well as the priests and Levites.

1 Chronicles 24:1-5
These were the divisions of the descendants of Aaron. The sons of Aaron were Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. / But Nadab and Abihu died before their father did, and they had no sons; so Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests. / With the help of Eleazar’s descendant Zadok and Ithamar’s descendant Ahimelech, David divided them according to the offices of their service. ...

1 Chronicles 25:1-7
Additionally, David and the commanders of the army set apart some of the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun to prophesy with the accompaniment of lyres, harps, and cymbals. The following is the list of the men who performed this service: / From the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah. These sons of Asaph were under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied under the direction of the king. / From the sons of Jeduthun: Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Shimei, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah—six in all—under the direction of their father Jeduthun, who prophesied with the harp, giving thanks and praise to the LORD. ...

1 Chronicles 26:1-19
These were the divisions of the gatekeepers: From the Korahites: Meshelemiah son of Kore, one of the sons of Asaph. / Meshelemiah had sons: Zechariah the firstborn, Jediael the second, Zebadiah the third, Jathniel the fourth, / Elam the fifth, Jehohanan the sixth, and Eliehoenai the seventh. ...

1 Chronicles 27:1-15
This is the list of the Israelites—the heads of families, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king in every matter concerning the divisions on rotating military duty each month throughout the year. There were 24,000 men in each division: / Jashobeam son of Zabdiel was in charge of the first division, which was assigned the first month. There were 24,000 men in his division. / He was a descendant of Perez and chief of all the army commanders for the first month. ...


Treasury of Scripture

Then Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers.

to the captains

2 Chronicles 29:20
Then Hezekiah the king rose early, and gathered the rulers of the city, and went up to the house of the LORD.

2 Chronicles 30:1
And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the passover unto the LORD God of Israel.

2 Chronicles 34:29,30
Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem…

the chief

1 Chronicles 15:12
And said unto them, Ye are the chief of the fathers of the Levites: sanctify yourselves, both ye and your brethren, that ye may bring up the ark of the LORD God of Israel unto the place that I have prepared for it.

1 Chronicles 24:4,31
And there were more chief men found of the sons of Eleazar than of the sons of Ithamar; and thus were they divided. Among the sons of Eleazar there were sixteen chief men of the house of their fathers, and eight among the sons of Ithamar according to the house of their fathers…

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2 Chronicles 1
1. The solemn offering of Solomon at Gibeon
7. Solomon's choice of wisdom is blessed by God
13. Solomon's forces and wealth














Then Solomon spoke
The phrase marks the beginning of Solomon's active leadership and communication with the people of Israel. The Hebrew root for "spoke" is "דָּבַר" (dabar), which implies not just speaking but conveying a message with authority and purpose. Solomon, as the newly anointed king, is stepping into his role with a sense of divine mission, echoing the wisdom and leadership qualities that God endowed him with. This moment is pivotal as it sets the tone for his reign, emphasizing the importance of communication and leadership in accordance with God's will.

to all Israel
This phrase underscores the unity and inclusivity of Solomon's address. "All Israel" signifies the entire nation, encompassing all tribes and regions. Historically, this reflects the united kingdom under Solomon, a period of peace and prosperity. Theologically, it highlights the covenant relationship between God and His chosen people, Israel. Solomon's address to "all Israel" is a reminder of the collective identity and shared destiny of the people under God's sovereign plan.

to the commanders of thousands and of hundreds
This phrase refers to the military leaders, indicating the structured and hierarchical nature of Israel's army. The mention of "thousands and of hundreds" suggests an organized and well-prepared military force, essential for the security and stability of the nation. In a spiritual sense, it reflects the need for order and discipline within the community of believers, as well as the importance of leadership that is both strategic and God-fearing.

to the judges
The judges were responsible for maintaining justice and righteousness in the land. The Hebrew word for judge, "שָׁפַט" (shaphat), implies not only legal judgment but also governance and leadership. This highlights the biblical principle that justice is foundational to a godly society. Solomon's address to the judges underscores his commitment to uphold justice, a key aspect of his wisdom and reign, as seen in his famous judgment involving two women and a baby.

and to every leader in all Israel
This phrase broadens the scope of Solomon's address to include all forms of leadership within the nation. The Hebrew term for leader, "נָשִׂיא" (nasi), can mean prince, chief, or captain, indicating a person of influence and responsibility. By addressing every leader, Solomon acknowledges the diverse roles and contributions necessary for the functioning of a healthy society. It also reflects the biblical model of shared leadership and the importance of each member's role in the body of Christ.

the heads of the families
This phrase emphasizes the importance of family units within the nation of Israel. The "heads of the families" were responsible for the welfare and spiritual guidance of their households. In the Hebrew context, the family is the basic unit of society, and its leaders play a crucial role in passing down faith and values. Solomon's inclusion of family heads in his address highlights the significance of strong, godly families as the foundation of a strong, godly nation. It serves as a reminder of the biblical mandate for parents to teach their children the ways of the Lord, ensuring the continuity of faith across generations.

(2-6) Solomon and the national assembly repair to the Mosaic tabernacle at Gibeon, and sacrifice upon the great altar of burnt offering. (Comp. 1Kings 3:4, which the present section supplements and explains.)

(2) Then Solomon spake unto all Israel.--Or, commanded all Israel (1Chronicles 21:17; 2Samuel 16:11; 2Kings 1:11; Vulg., pr?cepit).

To the captains of thousands . . . chief of the fathers.--This is an apposition, explaining what is meant by "all Israel" in the first clause, viz., the national representatives. The account in Kings allows only one verse for the sacrifice, and so omits to mention that the princes took part in it (1Kings 3:4). The fact, however, is likely in itself. (Comp. the similar assemblies under David, 1Chronicles 13:1; 1Chronicles 23:2; 1Chronicles 28:1.) . . .

Verse 2. - This verse and the following four supersede the one verse, 1 Kings 3:4; and the five together give us, of course, a much fuller view of the events of the sacrifice. Our present verse purports to show the representative components of "all Israel" in a fourfold classification. Captains of thousands and of hundreds (see first 1 Chronicles 13:1; 1 Chronicles 27:1; 1 Chronicles 28:1; and then Exodus 18:21, 25; Numbers 31:14, 48, 52, 54; Deuteronomy 1:15; 1 Samuel 8:12; 1 Samuel 17:18; 1 Samuel 18:13; 1 Samuel 22:7; 2 Samuel 18:1; 2 Kings 11:9, 15, 19). The judges. The office and the person of the judge were held in high honour among the Jewish people from the first, and perhaps, also, with a noteworthy uniformity, even in the more degenerate periods of their history. Their commencement in patriarchal simplicity can be easily imagined, and receives illustration from such passages as Job 29:7, 8, 9; Job 32:9. Their more formal development may be considered to date from the crisis related in Exodus 18:14-24. And the allusions to the judge and his office thenceforward sustain our impression of the honour in which they were held, arising, no doubt, largely from the deep-felt necessity for them, the more society crystallized (Numbers 25:5; Deuteronomy 16:18; Deuteronomy 19:17; Deuteronomy 21:2; Joshua 8:33; 1 Chronicles 23:24; 1 Chronicles 26:29; 2 Chronicles 19:8-10). In 1 Chronicles 23:24 we are told how David set apart "six thousand Levites" to be "officers and judges." Every governor. The word employed here (נָשִׂיא) is rendered by five different words in our Authorized Version: "prince" (Genesis 17:20, passim), "ruler" (Exodus 16:22, passim), "captain" (Numbers 2:3, passim), "chief" Numbers 3:24, passim), and "governor" in the present passage only. It is evidently a term of generic signification, used of a king (1 Kings 11:34; Ezekiel 12:10); of leaders of the Ishmaelites (Genesis 17:20); of the captains of the tribes of Israel (Numbers 7:11); of the chiefs of families (Numbers 3:24); while the use of it (Genesis 23:6) to set forth the position of Abraham as one raised to eminence so high and undisputed that it might be clearly said to be God's doing, is sufficient to determine its central signification. The chief of the fathers; i.e. the heads of the fathers. The first occurrence of the expression, "the heads of their fathers' houses" (Exodus 6:14), and of "the heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their families" (Exodus 6:25), sufficiently explains the original and perfectly natural meaning of the phrase. The great importance and significance of the position of the heads "of families" and "of houses" and" of fathers" in early patriarchal times must necessarily have declined by the time of Solomon, when the nation had received so much more of civil form and system. But the name remained, and the family and social position did not fail to make themselves felt, and finally the official recognition of them in David's time is evidenced by 1 Chronicles 27:1, and in Solomon's time both by the present passage and 2 Chronicles 5:2 with its parallel 1 Kings 8:1. Our present use of the expression ought probably to show it, in close apposition with the foregoing words, "to all Israel" (wrongly translated "in all Israel" in the Authorized Version), and which itself is a repetition of the "to all Israel" in the beginning of the verse. Although the existing Hebrew pointing of the verse does not favour the supposition, it may be that the writer means to emphasize Solomon's summons as made both to the kingdom as such, and to the people also as a united people. We are not, indeed, told here, in so many words, what it was that Solomon said "to all Israel." But there can be no doubt as to his object, as betrayed in the first clause of the following verse.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Then Solomon
שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה (šə·lō·mōh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8010: Solomon -- David's son and successor to his throne

spoke
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

to all
לְכָל־ (lə·ḵāl)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

Israel,
יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

to the commanders
לְשָׂרֵי֩ (lə·śā·rê)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince

of thousands
הָאֲלָפִ֨ים (hā·’ă·lā·p̄îm)
Article | Number - masculine plural
Strong's 505: A thousand

and of hundreds,
וְהַמֵּא֜וֹת (wə·ham·mê·’ō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Number - feminine plural
Strong's 3967: A hundred

to the judges,
וְלַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים (wə·laš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 8199: To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate

and to every
וּלְכֹ֛ל (ū·lə·ḵōl)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

leader
נָשִׂ֥יא (nā·śî)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5387: An exalted one, a king, sheik, a rising mist

in all
לְכָל־ (lə·ḵāl)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

Israel—
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

the heads
רָאשֵׁ֥י (rā·šê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7218: The head

of the families.
הָאָבֽוֹת׃ (hā·’ā·ḇō·wṯ)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1: Father


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OT History: 2 Chronicles 1:2 Solomon spoke to all Israel to (2 Chron. 2Ch iiCh ii ch 2 chr 2chr)
2 Chronicles 1:1
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