Exodus 6:14
New International Version
These were the heads of their families: The sons of Reuben the firstborn son of Israel were Hanok and Pallu, Hezron and Karmi. These were the clans of Reuben.

New Living Translation
These are the ancestors of some of the clans of Israel: The sons of Reuben, Israel’s oldest son, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. Their descendants became the clans of Reuben.

English Standard Version
These are the heads of their fathers’ houses: the sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the clans of Reuben.

Berean Standard Bible
These were the heads of their fathers’ houses: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel, were Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These were the clans of Reuben.

King James Bible
These be the heads of their fathers' houses: The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these be the families of Reuben.

New King James Version
These are the heads of their fathers’ houses: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. These are the families of Reuben.

New American Standard Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ households. The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

NASB 1995
These are the heads of their fathers’ households. The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

NASB 1977
These are the heads of their fathers’ households. The sons of Reuben, Israel’s first-born: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Legacy Standard Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ households. The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Amplified Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ households. The sons of Reuben, Israel’s (Jacob’s) firstborn: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Christian Standard Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ families: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These are the clans of Reuben.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ families: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These are the clans of Reuben.

American Standard Version
These are the heads of their fathers' houses. The sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Contemporary English Version
The following men were the heads of their ancestral clans: The sons of Reuben, Jacob's oldest son, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.

English Revised Version
These are the heads of their fathers' houses: the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these are the families of Reuben.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
These were the heads of the families: The sons of [Reuben], Israel's firstborn, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. These were the families descended from Reuben.

Good News Translation
Reuben, Jacob's first-born, had four sons: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; they were the ancestors of the clans that bear their names.

International Standard Version
These are the heads of their ancestors' households: the sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch and Pallu; Hezron and Carmi. These are the families of Reuben, including

Majority Standard Bible
These were the heads of their fathers? houses: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel, were Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These were the clans of Reuben.

NET Bible
These are the heads of their fathers' households: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn son of Israel, were Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These were the clans of Reuben.

New Heart English Bible
These are the heads of their fathers' houses. The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Webster's Bible Translation
These are the heads of their father's houses: The sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these are the families of Reuben.

World English Bible
These are the heads of their fathers’ houses. The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
These [are] heads of the house of their fathers. Sons of Reuben firstborn of Israel: Enoch, and Phallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these [are] families of Reuben.

Young's Literal Translation
These are heads of the house of their fathers: Sons of Reuben first-born of Israel are Hanoch, and Phallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these are families of Reuben.

Smith's Literal Translation
These the heads of the house of their father: the sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi: these the tribes of Reuben.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
These are the heads of their house by their families. The sons of Rubel the firstborn of Israel: Henoch and Phallu, Hesron and Charmi.

Catholic Public Domain Version
These are the leaders of the houses by their families. The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi.

New American Bible
These are the heads of their ancestral houses. The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron and Carmi; these are the clans of Reuben.

New Revised Standard Version
The following are the heads of their ancestral houses: the sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
These are the heads of their fathers' houses: the sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And these are the heads of the house their fathers, the children of Rubil, firstborn of Israel: Henok and Palu and Khetsron and Karmi; these are the generations of Rubil.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
These are the heads of their fathers' houses: the sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. These are the families of Reuben.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And these are the heads of the houses of their families: the sons of Ruben the first-born of Israel; Enoch and Phallus, Asron, and Charmi, this is the kindred of Ruben.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Genealogies of Moses and Aaron
14These were the heads of their fathers’ houses: The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel, were Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These were the clans of Reuben. 15The sons of Simeon were Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman. These were the clans of Simeon.…

Cross References
Genesis 46:9
The sons of Reuben: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.

Numbers 26:5-9
Reuben was the firstborn of Israel. These were the descendants of Reuben: The Hanochite clan from Hanoch, the Palluite clan from Pallu, / the Hezronite clan from Hezron, and the Carmite clan from Carmi. / These were the clans of Reuben, and their registration numbered 43,730. ...

1 Chronicles 5:1-3
These were the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel. Though he was the firstborn, his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel, because Reuben defiled his father’s bed. So he is not reckoned according to birthright. / And though Judah prevailed over his brothers and a ruler came from him, the birthright belonged to Joseph. / The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.

Genesis 29:32
And Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she named him Reuben, for she said, “The LORD has seen my affliction. Surely my husband will love me now.”

Genesis 35:23
The sons of Leah were Reuben the firstborn of Jacob, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.

Genesis 49:3-4
Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, excelling in honor, excelling in power. / Uncontrolled as the waters, you will no longer excel, because you went up to your father’s bed, onto my couch, and defiled it.

Deuteronomy 33:6
Let Reuben live and not die, nor his men be few.”

1 Chronicles 2:1-2
These were the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, / Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.

Genesis 37:21-22
When Reuben heard this, he tried to rescue Joseph from their hands. “Let us not take his life,” he said. / “Do not shed his blood. Throw him into this pit in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him.” Reuben said this so that he could rescue Joseph from their hands and return him to his father.

Genesis 42:22
And Reuben responded, “Didn’t I tell you not to sin against the boy? But you would not listen. Now we must account for his blood!”

Genesis 44:18-34
Then Judah approached Joseph and said, “Sir, please let your servant speak personally to my lord. Do not be angry with your servant, for you are equal to Pharaoh himself. / My lord asked his servants, ‘Do you have a father or a brother?’ / And we answered, ‘We have an elderly father and a younger brother, the child of his old age. The boy’s brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother’s sons left, and his father loves him.’ ...

Matthew 1:2-3
Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. / Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

Luke 3:33-34
the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, / the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,

Hebrews 7:14
For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah, a tribe as to which Moses said nothing about priests.

Revelation 5:5
Then one of the elders said to me, “Do not weep! Behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has triumphed to open the scroll and its seven seals.”


Treasury of Scripture

These be the heads of their fathers' houses: The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these be the families of Reuben.

the heads

Exodus 6:25
And Eleazar Aaron's son took him one of the daughters of Putiel to wife; and she bare him Phinehas: these are the heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their families.

Joshua 14:1
And these are the countries which the children of Israel inherited in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed for inheritance to them.

Joshua 19:51
These are the inheritances, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Israel, divided for an inheritance by lot in Shiloh before the LORD, at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. So they made an end of dividing the country.

the sons

Genesis 46:9
And the sons of Reuben; Hanoch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and Carmi.

Genesis 49:3,4
Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power: …

Numbers 26:5,6
Reuben, the eldest son of Israel: the children of Reuben; Hanoch, of whom cometh the family of the Hanochites: of Pallu, the family of the Palluites: …

these be

Numbers 26:7
These are the families of the Reubenites: and they that were numbered of them were forty and three thousand and seven hundred and thirty.

Joshua 13:15,23
And Moses gave unto the tribe of the children of Reuben inheritance according to their families…

Jump to Previous
Carmi Clans Enoch Families Fathers Father's Firstborn First-Born Hanoch Heads Hezron House Households Houses Israel Israel's Oldest Pallu Phallu Reuben
Jump to Next
Carmi Clans Enoch Families Fathers Father's Firstborn First-Born Hanoch Heads Hezron House Households Houses Israel Israel's Oldest Pallu Phallu Reuben
Exodus 6
1. God renews his promise by his name JEHOVAH
9. Moses vainly attempts to encourage the Israelites
10. He and Aaron are again sent to Pharaoh
14. Genealogies of Reuben, Simeon and Levi, of whom came Moses and Aaron
26. The history resumed














These were the heads of their fathers’ houses
This phrase introduces a genealogical record, emphasizing the importance of family lineage in Israelite society. The term "heads" refers to leaders or chiefs, indicating a patriarchal structure where family heads held authority and responsibility. In Hebrew, "heads" is "רָאשִׁים" (roshim), which can also mean "chiefs" or "leaders." This reflects the cultural and religious significance of maintaining tribal and familial identities, which were crucial for inheritance rights and social organization.

The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel
Reuben, as the firstborn of Jacob (Israel), held a position of prominence, though his actions led to a loss of his birthright (Genesis 49:3-4). The Hebrew name "Reuben" (רְאוּבֵן) means "behold, a son," signifying the joy and expectation of a firstborn. Despite his fall from grace, Reuben's descendants maintained a distinct tribal identity. This highlights the theme of redemption and the enduring nature of God's promises to the tribes of Israel, even when individuals falter.

Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi
These names represent the sons of Reuben and the foundational families of the Reubenite clan. Each name carries its own meaning and significance. "Hanoch" (חֲנוֹךְ) means "dedicated," suggesting a life set apart for a purpose. "Pallu" (פַּלּוּא) means "distinguished" or "separated," indicating a notable lineage. "Hezron" (חֶצְרוֹן) means "enclosed" or "surrounded by a wall," symbolizing protection and strength. "Carmi" (כַּרְמִי) means "my vineyard," evoking images of fruitfulness and divine blessing. These names reflect the hopes and aspirations of the tribe, as well as God's providential care.

These were the clans of Reuben
The term "clans" (מִשְׁפָּחוֹת, mishpachot) refers to extended family groups within the tribe, each with its own leadership and responsibilities. This structure was essential for maintaining order and identity within the larger community of Israel. The mention of Reuben's clans underscores the continuity of God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as it is passed down through generations. It also serves as a reminder of the collective identity and unity of the Israelites, bound together by shared ancestry and divine purpose.

THE FAMILY OF MOSES.

(14) These be the heads of their fathers' houses.--Genealogies have always had a special interest for the Semitic races. They occupy quite as prominent a position in Arabian as in Jewish history. The descent of a man who aspired to be a leader would be a subject of curiosity, with a Semitic people, to all those who submitted themselves to his guidance; and Moses naturally inserts his at the point where, fully accepting the post of leader, he came forward and commenced his struggle with Pharaoh for the emancipation of his nation. A "father's house" is a family. (See Numbers 1:2; Numbers 1:18.)

(14, 15) Reuben . . . Simeon.--It fixes the position of the family of Levi in the house of Jacob to commence the genealogy with a mention of the two elder brothers. As, however, the writer is really concerned only with the Levites, the families of Reuben and Simeon are dismissed with the briefest possible notice. Nothing new is rocorded of them. (See Genesis 46:9-10.)

Verse 14. - These be the heads of their fathers' houses. By "fathers' houses" are meant families (see 1 Chronicles 4:38; 1 Chronicles 5:13; 1 Chronicles 7:40; 1 Chronicles 9:9, etc.); and "the heads of fathers' houses" are simply the acknowledged chiefs and founders of families. The main families of the tribe of Reuben were those of Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carrel, actual sons of the patriarch (See Genesis 46:9; and compare 1 Chronicles 5:3.)

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
These
אֵ֖לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

were the heads
רָאשֵׁ֣י (rā·šê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 7218: The head

of their fathers’
אֲבֹתָ֑ם (’ă·ḇō·ṯām)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 1: Father

houses:
בֵית־ (ḇêṯ-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1004: A house

The sons
בְּנֵ֨י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Reuben,
רְאוּבֵ֜ן (rə·’ū·ḇên)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7205: Reuben -- 'behold a son!' oldest son of Jacob, also his desc

the firstborn
בְּכֹ֣ר (bə·ḵōr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1060: Firstborn, chief

of Israel, [were]
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

Hanoch
חֲנ֤וֹךְ (ḥă·nō·wḵ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2585: Enoch -- four Israelites, sons of Cain, Jered, Midian and Reuben

and Pallu,
וּפַלּוּא֙ (ū·p̄al·lū)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6396: Pallu -- a son of Reuben

Hezron
חֶצְר֣וֹן (ḥeṣ·rō·wn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2696: Hezron -- two Israelites, also two places in Judah

and Carmi.
וְכַרְמִ֔י (wə·ḵar·mî)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3756: Carmi -- two Israelites

These
אֵ֖לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

were the clans
מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת (miš·pə·ḥōṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4940: A family, circle of relatives, a class, a species, sort, a tribe, people

of Reuben.
רְאוּבֵֽן׃ (rə·’ū·ḇên)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7205: Reuben -- 'behold a son!' oldest son of Jacob, also his desc


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