1 Chronicles 3:9
New International Version
All these were the sons of David, besides his sons by his concubines. And Tamar was their sister.

New Living Translation
These were the sons of David, not including his sons born to his concubines. Their sister was named Tamar.

English Standard Version
All these were David’s sons, besides the sons of the concubines, and Tamar was their sister.

Berean Standard Bible
These were all the sons of David, besides the sons by his concubines. And Tamar was their sister.

King James Bible
These were all the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

New King James Version
These were all the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

New American Standard Bible
All of these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

NASB 1995
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

NASB 1977
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

Legacy Standard Bible
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

Amplified Bible
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

Christian Standard Bible
These were all David’s sons, with their sister Tamar, in addition to the sons by his concubines.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
These were all David’s sons, with their sister Tamar, in addition to the sons by his concubines.

American Standard Version
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

Contemporary English Version
David's other wives also gave birth to sons. Tamar was his daughter.

English Revised Version
All these were the sons of David; beside the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
All of these were David's sons. Besides these, there were the sons of the concubines. Tamar was their sister.

Good News Translation
In addition to all these sons, David had sons by his concubines. He also had a daughter, Tamar.

International Standard Version
All these were David's sons, besides children born to his mistresses. Tamar was their sister.

Majority Standard Bible
These were all the sons of David, besides the sons by his concubines. And Tamar was their sister.

NET Bible
These were all the sons of David, not counting the sons of his concubines. Tamar was their sister.

New Heart English Bible
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the secondary wives; and Tamar was their sister.

Webster's Bible Translation
These were all the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

World English Bible
All these were the sons of David, in addition to the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
All [are] sons of David, apart from sons of the concubines, and their sister Tamar.

Young's Literal Translation
All are sons of David, apart from sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

Smith's Literal Translation
All the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
All these the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines: and they had a sister Thamar.

Catholic Public Domain Version
All these were sons of David, aside from the sons of the concubines. And they had a sister, Tamar.

New American Bible
All these were sons of David, in addition to other sons by concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

New Revised Standard Version
All these were David’s sons, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
These were all the sons of David, and Tamar was their sister.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
These are all the sons of David, and Tamar was their sister.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
All these were the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines, and there was also Themar their sister.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Descendants of David
8Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet—nine in all. 9These were all the sons of David, besides the sons by his concubines. And Tamar was their sister.

Cross References
2 Samuel 5:13-16
After he had arrived from Hebron, David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, and more sons and daughters were born to him. / These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, / Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, ...

1 Kings 11:1-3
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women. / These women were from the nations about which the LORD had told the Israelites, “You must not intermarry with them, for surely they will turn your hearts after their gods.” Yet Solomon clung to these women in love. / He had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines—and his wives turned his heart away.

2 Samuel 3:2-5
And sons were born to David in Hebron: His firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam of Jezreel; / his second was Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel; his third was Absalom, the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur; / his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital; ...

1 Kings 1:5-6
At that time Adonijah, David’s son by Haggith, began to exalt himself, saying, “I will be king!” And he acquired chariots and horsemen and fifty men to run ahead of him. / (His father had never once reprimanded him by saying, “Why do you act this way?” Adonijah was also very handsome, born next after Absalom.)

2 Samuel 12:24-25
Then David comforted his wife Bathsheba, and he went to her and lay with her. So she gave birth to a son, and they named him Solomon. Now the LORD loved the child / and sent word through Nathan the prophet to name him Jedidiah because the LORD loved him.

1 Kings 2:15
“You know that the kingship was mine,” he said. “All Israel expected that I should reign, but the kingship has turned to my brother, for it has come to him from the LORD.

2 Samuel 13:1-2
After some time, David’s son Amnon fell in love with Tamar, the beautiful sister of David’s son Absalom. / Amnon was sick with frustration over his sister Tamar, for she was a virgin, and it seemed implausible for him to do anything to her.

1 Kings 11:43
And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place.

2 Samuel 14:27
Three sons were born to Absalom, and a daughter named Tamar, who was a beautiful woman.

1 Kings 1:11-14
Then Nathan said to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon, “Have you not heard that Adonijah son of Haggith has become king, and our lord David does not know it? / Now please, come and let me advise you. Save your own life and the life of your son Solomon. / Go at once to King David and say, ‘My lord the king, did you not swear to your maidservant, “Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne”? Why then has Adonijah become king?’ ...

Matthew 1:6-16
and Jesse the father of David the king. Next: David was the father of Solomon by Uriah’s wife, / Solomon the father of Rehoboam, Rehoboam the father of Abijah, and Abijah the father of Asa. / Asa was the father of Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat the father of Joram, and Joram the father of Uzziah. ...

2 Samuel 5:4-5
David was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned forty years. / In Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six months, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years over all Israel and Judah.

1 Kings 1:28-30
Then King David said, “Call in Bathsheba for me.” So she came into the king’s presence and stood before him. / And the king swore an oath, saying, “As surely as the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from all distress, / I will carry out this very day exactly what I swore to you by the LORD, the God of Israel: Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne in my place.”

2 Samuel 7:12-16
And when your days are fulfilled and you rest with your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you, who will come from your own body, and I will establish his kingdom. / He will build a house for My Name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. / I will be his Father, and he will be My son. When he does wrong, I will discipline him with the rod of men and with the blows of the sons of men. ...

1 Kings 2:22
King Solomon answered his mother, “Why do you request Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah? Since he is my older brother, you might as well request the kingdom for him and for Abiathar the priest and for Joab son of Zeruiah!”


Treasury of Scripture

These were all the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

of the concubines.

2 Samuel 5:13
And David took him more concubines and wives out of Jerusalem, after he was come from Hebron: and there were yet sons and daughters born to David.

Tamar.

2 Samuel 13:1-20
And it came to pass after this, that Absalom the son of David had a fair sister, whose name was Tamar; and Amnon the son of David loved her…

Jump to Previous
Addition Apart Besides Concubines David David's Servant-Wives Sister Tamar
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Addition Apart Besides Concubines David David's Servant-Wives Sister Tamar
1 Chronicles 3
1. The sons of David.
10. His line to Zedekiah.
17. The successors of Jeconiah.














These were all the sons of David
David, the second king of Israel, had many sons, reflecting his numerous marriages and concubines. His sons played significant roles in the history of Israel, with some becoming prominent figures in biblical narratives. The listing of David's sons in 1 Chronicles 3 provides a genealogical record that underscores the fulfillment of God's promise to David regarding his lineage, which is central to the messianic prophecy (2 Samuel 7:12-16).

besides the sons by his concubines
Concubinage was a common practice in ancient Near Eastern cultures, including Israel. Concubines were women who had a recognized relationship with a man but held a lower status than wives. David's concubines bore him additional sons, who are not always named in the biblical text, indicating their lesser status in the royal lineage. This distinction highlights the complex family dynamics and potential for conflict, as seen in the narratives of Absalom and Adonijah, who were sons of David by different mothers.

And Tamar was their sister
Tamar, the daughter of David, is a significant figure due to the tragic events surrounding her life. Her story is detailed in 2 Samuel 13, where she is raped by her half-brother Amnon, leading to familial strife and Absalom's rebellion. Tamar's mention here emphasizes her importance in the narrative and the impact of her story on David's family. Her plight reflects the broader themes of justice and the consequences of sin within the royal household.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The second king of Israel, a man after God's own heart, and a central figure in the lineage of Jesus Christ. His life is marked by both great faith and significant moral failures.

2. Sons of David
This passage refers to the sons born to David, highlighting the complexity of his family dynamics, including those born to his concubines.

3. Concubines
Women who had a recognized relationship with David but were not his wives. Their children were considered legitimate but often had different social standings.

4. Tamar
The daughter of David and sister to his sons, known for her tragic account involving her brother Amnon, which is detailed in 2 Samuel 13.
Teaching Points
The Complexity of Family Dynamics
David's family, like many, was complex and fraught with challenges. This reminds us that God works through imperfect people and situations to fulfill His purposes.

The Consequences of Sin
David's relationships with multiple women led to family strife and tragedy, illustrating the long-term consequences of sin and disobedience to God's design for marriage.

God's Sovereignty in Imperfection
Despite the moral failures and dysfunction in David's family, God sovereignly worked through these circumstances to bring about His redemptive plan, culminating in Jesus Christ.

The Importance of Righteous Leadership
David's failures as a father and leader had significant repercussions. This highlights the importance of godly leadership and the impact it has on families and nations.(9) Sons of the concubines.--David's concubines (pilagshim, ???????) are mentioned several times in Samuel (e.g., 2Samuel 12:11), but their sons here only. However repugnant to modern ideas, it was and is part of the state of an Oriental potentate to possess a harem of many wives.

And Tamar (was) their sister.--Not the only one, but the sister whose unhappy fate had made her famous (2 Samuel 13).

A comparison of the above lists of David's sons with the parallels in Sam. makes it improbable that they were drawn from that source; for (1) the Hebrew text of the chronicle appears, in this instance, to be quite as original as that of Samuel; (2) Some of the names differ, without our being able to pronounce in favour of one or the other text; (3) The form of the lists is different, especially that of the second. The chronicler alone gives the number of the four and nine sons, assigning the former to "Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel," and arranging the latter in three triads. 1Chronicles 3:9 also is wanting in Samuel.

Verse 9. - This verse plainly adds concubines, perhaps the ten spoken of in 2 Samuel 15:16, to the number of the mothers of the foregoing sons. The mention of only one daughter of David, viz. Tamar, follows the manifest ordinary rule, that daughters are not recorded at all, except for one of two reasons - either that through a daughter the line was saved, or that the daughter had from some special reason made a place for herself in history.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
These were all
כֹּ֖ל (kōl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

the sons
בְּנֵ֣י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of David,
דָוִ֑יד (ḏā·wîḏ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1732: David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse

besides
מִלְּבַ֥ד (mil·lə·ḇaḏ)
Preposition-m, Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 905: Separation, a part of the body, branch of a, tree, bar for, carrying, chief of

the sons
בְּֽנֵי־ (bə·nê-)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

by his concubines.
פִֽילַגְשִׁ֖ים (p̄î·laḡ·šîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 6370: A concubine, a paramour

And Tamar
וְתָמָ֥ר (wə·ṯā·mār)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 8559: Tamar -- daughter-in-law of Judah, also two Israelite women, also a place South of the Dead Sea

[was] their sister.
אֲחוֹתָֽם׃ (’ă·ḥō·w·ṯām)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 269: Sister -- a sister


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 3:9 All these were the sons of David (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
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