1 Chronicles 16:3
New International Version
Then he gave a loaf of bread, a cake of dates and a cake of raisins to each Israelite man and woman.

New Living Translation
Then he gave to every man and woman in all Israel a loaf of bread, a cake of dates, and a cake of raisins.

English Standard Version
and distributed to all Israel, both men and women, to each a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a cake of raisins.

Berean Standard Bible
Then he distributed to every man and woman of Israel a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

King James Bible
And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a good piece of flesh, and a flagon of wine.

New King James Version
Then he distributed to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread, a piece of meat, and a cake of raisins.

New American Standard Bible
Then he distributed to everyone of Israel, both men and women, to everyone a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a raisin cake.

NASB 1995
He distributed to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread and a portion of meat and a raisin cake.

NASB 1977
And he distributed to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread and a portion of meat and a raisin cake.

Legacy Standard Bible
And he apportioned to everyone of Israel, both men and women, to everyone a loaf of bread and a portion of meat and a raisin cake.

Amplified Bible
He distributed to everyone in Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a raisin cake.

Christian Standard Bible
Then he distributed to each and every Israelite, both men and women, a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then he distributed to each and every Israelite, both men and women, a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

American Standard Version
And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a portion of flesh, and a cake of raisins.

Contemporary English Version
and gave every person in the crowd a small loaf of bread, some meat, and a handful of raisins.

English Revised Version
And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a portion of flesh, and a cake of raisins.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He also distributed to every person in Israel-both men and women-a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

Good News Translation
and distributed food to them all. He gave each man and woman in Israel a loaf of bread, a piece of roasted meat, and some raisins.

International Standard Version
and distributed a loaf of bread, a date bar, and a raisin bar to every person in Israel—that is, to each man and to each woman.

Majority Standard Bible
Then he distributed to every man and woman of Israel a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

NET Bible
He then handed out to each Israelite man and woman a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake.

New Heart English Bible
He dealt to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a portion of meat, and a cake of raisins.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a good piece of flesh, and a flagon of wine.

World English Bible
He gave to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a cake of raisins.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and gives a portion to every man of Israel, both man and woman: to each a cake of bread, and a measure of wine, and a grape-cake.

Young's Literal Translation
and giveth a portion to every man of Israel, both man and woman: to each a cake of bread, and a measure of wine, and a grape-cake.

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will divide to every man of Israel from man and even to woman, to each a round of bread, and a measure and cakes.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he divided to all and every one, both men and women, a loaf of bread, and a piece of roasted beef, and flour fried with oil.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he divided to every single one, from men even to women, a twist of bread, and a piece of roasted beef, and fine wheat flour fried with oil.

New American Bible
and distributed to every Israelite, to every man and every woman, a loaf of bread, a piece of meat, and a raisin cake.

New Revised Standard Version
and he distributed to every person in Israel—man and woman alike—to each a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a cake of raisins.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And he distributed to all the people of Israel, both men and women and young men and the little ones, to every one a loaf of bread, a portion of meat, and a fine white loaf. Then all the people went away, every one to his own house.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he distributed to all the people, all of the house of Israel, from the men and unto the women, and from young men and unto those suckling the breasts, to every man one loaf of bread and one portion, and one fine white loaf, and all the people went, each man to his house.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a cake made in a pan, and a sweet cake.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And he divided to every man of Israel (both men and women), to every man one baker's loaf, and a cake.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
A Tent for the Ark
2When David had finished sacrificing the burnt offerings and peace offerings, he blessed the people in the name of the LORD. 3Then he distributed to every man and woman of Israel a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake. 4David appointed some of the Levites to minister before the ark of the LORD, to celebrate, to give thanks, and to praise the LORD, the God of Israel.…

Cross References
2 Samuel 6:19
Then he distributed to every man and woman among the multitude of Israel a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake. And all the people departed, each to his own home.

Nehemiah 8:10
Then Nehemiah told them, “Go and eat what is rich, drink what is sweet, and send out portions to those who have nothing prepared, since today is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength.”

Esther 9:22
as the days on which the Jews gained rest from their enemies and the month in which their sorrow turned to joy and their mourning into a holiday. He wrote that these were to be days of feasting and joy, of sending gifts to one another and to the poor.

Deuteronomy 16:14-15
And you shall rejoice in your feast—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite, as well as the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widows among you. / For seven days you shall celebrate a feast to the LORD your God in the place He will choose, because the LORD your God will bless you in all your produce and in all the work of your hands, so that your joy will be complete.

Psalm 68:18-19
You have ascended on high; You have led captives away. You have received gifts from men, even from the rebellious, that the LORD God may dwell there. / Blessed be the Lord, who daily bears our burden, the God of our salvation. Selah

Isaiah 25:6
On this mountain the LORD of Hosts will prepare a lavish banquet for all the peoples, a feast of aged wine, of choice meat, of finely aged wine.

Acts 2:46-47
With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart, / praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.

Luke 14:13-14
But when you host a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind, / and you will be blessed. Since they cannot repay you, you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.”

Matthew 14:19-21
And He directed the crowds to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, He spoke a blessing. Then He broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. / They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. / About five thousand men were fed, besides women and children.

John 6:11
Then Jesus took the loaves and the fish, gave thanks, and distributed to those who were seated as much as they wanted.

Acts 20:35
In everything, I showed you that by this kind of hard work we must help the weak, remembering the words of the Lord Jesus Himself: ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’”

Romans 12:13
Share with the saints who are in need. Practice hospitality.

2 Corinthians 9:7
Each one should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not out of regret or compulsion. For God loves a cheerful giver.

Galatians 6:10
Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to the family of faith.

Philippians 4:18
I have all I need and more, now that I have received your gifts from Epaphroditus. They are a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, well-pleasing to God.


Treasury of Scripture

And he dealt to every one of Israel, both man and woman, to every one a loaf of bread, and a good piece of flesh, and a flagon of wine.

to every one

2 Chronicles 30:24
For Hezekiah king of Judah did give to the congregation a thousand bullocks and seven thousand sheep; and the princes gave to the congregation a thousand bullocks and ten thousand sheep: and a great number of priests sanctified themselves.

2 Chronicles 35:7,8
And Josiah gave to the people, of the flock, lambs and kids, all for the passover offerings, for all that were present, to the number of thirty thousand, and three thousand bullocks: these were of the king's substance…

Nehemiah 8:10
Then he said unto them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions unto them for whom nothing is prepared: for this day is holy unto our Lord: neither be ye sorry; for the joy of the LORD is your strength.

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Bread Cake Dates Dealt Distributed Dry Flagon Flesh Good Grapes Israel Loaf Meat Pan Piece Portion Raisin Raisins Sweet Wine Women
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Bread Cake Dates Dealt Distributed Dry Flagon Flesh Good Grapes Israel Loaf Meat Pan Piece Portion Raisin Raisins Sweet Wine Women
1 Chronicles 16
1. David's festival sacrifice
4. He orders a choir to sing thanksgiving
7. The psalm of thanksgiving
37. He appoints ministers, porters, priests, and musicians, to attend the ark














Then he distributed
This phrase indicates an act of giving and sharing, reflecting the generosity and leadership of King David. The Hebrew root for "distributed" is "חָלַק" (chalak), which means to divide or apportion. This act of distribution is significant in the context of ancient Israel, where communal sharing was a sign of unity and celebration. David's leadership is marked by his ability to bring people together and ensure that everyone partakes in the blessings of the Lord.

to every man and woman of Israel
This phrase emphasizes inclusivity and equality. In the ancient Near Eastern context, such acts of distribution were often limited to men or specific groups. However, David's action here is comprehensive, ensuring that both men and women receive the gifts. This reflects the biblical principle that all are equal before God and deserving of His blessings. It also highlights the communal nature of worship and celebration in Israel.

a loaf of bread
Bread in the ancient world was a staple food, symbolizing sustenance and life. The Hebrew word for bread is "לֶחֶם" (lechem), which is also used in the name Bethlehem, meaning "house of bread." This gift of bread signifies the provision of God for His people, reminding them of His care and sustenance. In a spiritual sense, bread also points to the Word of God, which nourishes the soul.

a date cake
The inclusion of a date cake, or "אֶשְׁפָּר" (eshpar), adds a sweet element to the distribution. Dates were a common fruit in Israel, often associated with abundance and prosperity. The date cake symbolizes the sweetness of God's blessings and the joy that comes from His provision. It serves as a reminder of the land flowing with milk and honey that God promised to His people.

and a raisin cake
Raisin cakes, or "אֲשִׁישָׁה" (ashishah), were delicacies in ancient Israel, often associated with festive occasions and offerings. The inclusion of raisin cakes in the distribution highlights the celebratory nature of the event. It signifies the joy and gratitude of the people as they worship and give thanks to God. In the broader biblical narrative, raisin cakes are sometimes linked to offerings and worship, underscoring the connection between physical sustenance and spiritual devotion.

(3) To every one . . .--Literally, to every man of Israel from man unto woman. Samuel has, "to all the people, to all the multitude of Israel, from man," &c.

A loaf (kikkar).--A round cake (1Samuel 2:36). The parallel in Samuel has a less common word (hallath), meaning a sacrificial cake punctured all over. (Comp. Exodus 29:23.)

A good piece of flesh.--A single Hebrew term, found only here and in Samuel ('eshp?r). It seems to mean "a portion," i.e., of the victims slain for the "peace offerings." (The "burnt offerings" were wholly consumed on the altar.) Syriac, "a portion." Arabic, "a slice of flesh." Others interpret, "a measure of wine."

A flagon of wine.--Rather, a raisin-cake--i.e., a mass of dried grapes (Hosea 3:1); Isaiah 16:7, "raisin-cakes of Kir-hareseth." . . .

Verse 3. - Each little clause of this verse is replete with interest. The royal giver, who now dealt to every one of Israel, was, after all, but a channel; yes, and only one channel, through which the fulness and the bounty of the royal Giver of every good and perfect gift, of all good whatsoever, of all things necessary to life and godliness, are supplied to every one of his creature-subjects. But it is highest honour, as servant and instrument alone, to figure forth him in any way. The second little clause tells us either that women took a recognized place on occasion of this joyous festival, or that the hospitality of such an occasion did not forget them and their homes. And the following three little clauses require closer examination. The word here translated "loaf" in the expression loaf of bread is כִּכַּר, for which in this sense we may turn to Exodus 29:23; Judges 8:5; 1 Samuel 2:36; 1 Samuel 10:3; Proverbs 6:26; Jeremiah 37:21. The corresponding word, however, in the parallel place is חַלַח (for which see Exodus 29:2, 23; Leviticus 2:4; Leviticus 7:12, 13; Leviticus 8:26; Leviticus 24:5; Numbers 6:15, 19; Numbers 15:20). The essential meaning of the former word is a circle, hence applied to the cake because of its shape, and of the latter word perforation, hence applied to the cake because it was perforated. A good piece of flesh. This is the Authorized Version rendering of אֶשְׁפָּר, which occurs only in the parallel place and here. The Vulgate translates assatura bubulae carnis; the Septuagint, ἐσχαρίτη. The imagined derivation of the word from פָּר (ox) and אֵשׁ (fire), or from שָׁפַד (to burn), seems to be what has led to these translations, helped, perhaps, by the apparent convenience of adapting meat from the sacrifice to the bread. But Gesenius, Rodiger, Keil, and others prefer the derivation שָׁפַר (to measure), and they would render "a measure" of wine. And a flagon. This is the Authorized Version rendering of the original אֲשִׁישָׁה, found in the parallel place as well as here, and also in the only other places (two in number, and in the plural) where it occurs (Song of Solomon 2:5; Hoses 3:1). But there is no doubt, or but little, that the rendering should rather be "dried, pressed cakes of raisins or grapes." It is then to be derived from the root אָשַׁשׁ (to press). The substantive has both masculine and feminine form in plural. The Vulgate translates similam frixam oleo, which means a "baked cake of flour and oil;" and the Septuagint, λάγανον ἀπὸ τηγάνου in the parallel places. But here the Septuagint reads ἄρτον ε{να ἀρτοκοπικὸν καὶ ἀμορίτην ασ the whole account of the loaf, the good piece of flesh, and the flagon.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Then he distributed
וַיְחַלֵּק֙ (way·ḥal·lêq)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2505: To be smooth, to apportion, separate

to each and every
לְכָל־ (lə·ḵāl)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

Israelite,
אִ֣ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

both men
מֵאִ֖ישׁ (mê·’îš)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

and
וְעַד־ (wə·‘aḏ-)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

women,
אִשָּׁ֑ה (’iš·šāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

a loaf
כִּכַּר־ (kik·kar-)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 3603: A round, a round district, a round loaf, a round weight, a talent (a measure of weight or money)

of bread,
לֶ֔חֶם (le·ḥem)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3899: Food, bread, grain

a date cake,
וְאֶשְׁפָּ֖ר (wə·’eš·pār)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 829: Perhaps cake or roll

and a raisin cake.
וַאֲשִׁישָֽׁה׃ (wa·’ă·šî·šāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 809: Something closely pressed together, a cake of raisins, other comfits


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 16:3 He dealt to everyone of Israel both (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 16:2
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