Topical Bible: Garments: Burnouse or Cloak

◄ Garments: Burnouse or Cloak ►

Topical Encyclopedia

In biblical times, garments held significant cultural and symbolic meaning, often reflecting one's social status, occupation, or religious devotion. Among these garments, the cloak, sometimes referred to as a burnouse, was a common outer garment worn by both men and women in ancient Near Eastern societies, including those depicted in the Bible.

Description and Function

The cloak was typically a large, loose-fitting outer garment made from wool or other durable materials, designed to provide warmth and protection against the elements. It was often draped over the shoulders and could be wrapped around the body, serving as a versatile piece of clothing. In some instances, the cloak could also double as a blanket or bedding, especially for those traveling or living in modest conditions.

Biblical References

The cloak is mentioned in several passages throughout the Bible, highlighting its practical and symbolic importance. In the Old Testament, the cloak is often associated with the prophet's mantle, a symbol of authority and divine calling. For example, in 1 Kings 19:19, Elijah throws his cloak over Elisha, signifying the transfer of prophetic authority: "So Elijah went from there and found Elisha son of Shaphat. He was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen, and he himself was driving the twelfth pair. Elijah went up to him and threw his cloak around him."

In the New Testament, the cloak is mentioned in the context of Jesus' teachings and miracles. In Matthew 5:40, Jesus instructs His followers on the principles of non-retaliation and generosity: "If someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well." This teaching emphasizes the importance of selflessness and going beyond what is required in the pursuit of righteousness.

The cloak also appears in the account of Bartimaeus, the blind beggar, in Mark 10:50. When Bartimaeus hears that Jesus is calling him, he throws aside his cloak, symbolizing his eagerness and faith in receiving healing: "Throwing off his cloak, Bartimaeus jumped up and came to Jesus."

Cultural and Symbolic Significance

In biblical culture, the cloak was more than just a practical garment; it held symbolic significance. It could represent authority, as seen in the case of Elijah and Elisha, or it could symbolize one's identity and social status. The act of giving or receiving a cloak could signify a covenant or a transfer of responsibility.

The cloak's role in biblical narratives often underscores themes of humility, sacrifice, and divine provision. For instance, the instruction to offer one's cloak in addition to a tunic reflects a call to radical generosity and trust in God's provision.

Conclusion

The cloak, or burnouse, as depicted in the Bible, serves as a multifaceted symbol of authority, identity, and faith. Its presence in both Old and New Testament narratives highlights its enduring significance in the cultural and spiritual life of biblical characters, offering insights into the values and teachings of the biblical text.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Luke 6:29
And to him that smites you on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that takes away your cloak forbid not to take your coat also.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

2 Timothy 4:13
The cloak that I left at Troas with Carpus, when you come, bring with you, and the books, but especially the parchments.
Torrey's Topical Textbook