I rejoiced
The Hebrew word for "rejoiced" is שָׂמַח (samach), which conveys a deep sense of joy and gladness. This joy is not merely a fleeting emotion but a profound, spiritual elation that comes from a heart aligned with God's purposes. In the context of ancient Israel, joy was often associated with worship and communal gatherings, reflecting a collective celebration of God's faithfulness. The psalmist's joy is rooted in the anticipation of worship and fellowship with the community of believers, a theme that resonates with the Christian understanding of joy as a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22).

with those who said to me
This phrase highlights the communal aspect of worship in ancient Israel. The psalmist is not alone in his journey; he is accompanied by fellow believers who share the same desire to worship God. The Hebrew culture placed a strong emphasis on community and collective worship, which is evident in the pilgrimages to Jerusalem for the feasts. This communal encouragement is a reminder of the importance of fellowship in the Christian faith, where believers are called to encourage one another and build each other up (1 Thessalonians 5:11).

“Let us go
The invitation "Let us go" signifies a call to action and movement towards a sacred purpose. The Hebrew verb לֵךְ (lek) implies a journey or pilgrimage, often used in the context of traveling to a holy place. This call to go is not just physical but spiritual, representing a deliberate decision to seek God's presence. For Christians, this echoes the call to discipleship, where Jesus invites His followers to "come" and "follow" Him (Matthew 4:19), emphasizing the active pursuit of a relationship with God.

to the house of the LORD.”
The "house of the LORD" refers to the temple in Jerusalem, the central place of worship for the Israelites. In Hebrew, the term בֵּית יְהוָה (beit Yahweh) denotes not just a physical structure but the dwelling place of God's presence among His people. The temple was a symbol of God's covenant and faithfulness, where sacrifices and offerings were made, and where the community gathered to worship. For Christians, this concept is fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who is the true temple (John 2:19-21), and in the church, which is described as the body of Christ and the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 3:16-17). The longing to go to the house of the LORD reflects a deep desire to be in God's presence, a central theme in both the Old and New Testaments.

Our feet
The phrase "Our feet" signifies a collective journey and shared experience among the people of God. In the Hebrew context, feet often symbolize movement, pilgrimage, and the act of walking in the ways of the Lord. The Hebrew word for feet, "regel," is frequently used in the Old Testament to denote the physical act of moving towards a sacred destination, such as Jerusalem. This phrase invites believers to reflect on their spiritual journey and the paths they tread in their walk with God. It emphasizes unity and community, as the journey is not undertaken alone but with fellow believers.

are standing
The phrase "are standing" conveys a sense of arrival, stability, and readiness. In the Hebrew, the verb "amad" is used, which means to stand, remain, or endure. This suggests a transition from movement to a state of being firmly established. Spiritually, it implies that the believers have reached a place of spiritual significance and are now poised to worship and serve. It reflects a moment of pause and reflection, where one can appreciate the journey and prepare for the worship and blessings that lie ahead.

in your gates
"In your gates" refers to the entry points of Jerusalem, the holy city. Gates in ancient times were not only physical structures but also places of gathering, judgment, and decision-making. The Hebrew word "sha'ar" denotes these significant entryways. Spiritually, gates symbolize access to God's presence and the community of believers. They represent the threshold between the secular and the sacred, where one transitions from the ordinary world into a place of divine encounter. This phrase invites believers to consider the importance of entering into God's presence with reverence and anticipation.

O Jerusalem
"O Jerusalem" is a direct address to the city that holds profound spiritual and historical significance for the people of Israel. Jerusalem, or "Yerushalayim" in Hebrew, is often seen as the heart of Jewish worship and the center of God's covenant with His people. It is the city where the Temple stood, the place of God's dwelling among His people. For Christians, Jerusalem also holds significance as the site of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection. This phrase evokes a deep longing and reverence for the city that represents God's promises, His presence, and the ultimate fulfillment of His redemptive plan. It calls believers to remember the spiritual heritage and future hope that Jerusalem embodies.

Jerusalem
The name "Jerusalem" is deeply rooted in biblical history and theology. In Hebrew, it is "Yerushalayim," which is often interpreted as "City of Peace." Jerusalem holds a central place in the biblical narrative as the city chosen by God for His dwelling place, the location of the Temple, and the spiritual heart of Israel. Historically, Jerusalem has been the focal point of Jewish worship and pilgrimage, and it remains a symbol of God's covenant with His people. Theologically, it represents the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises and the future hope of peace and restoration. In the Christian tradition, Jerusalem is also significant as the site of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, symbolizing the new covenant and the hope of eternal peace through Christ.

is built
The phrase "is built" suggests a sense of completion and divine purpose. In the Hebrew context, the verb "banah" implies not just physical construction but also the establishment of something enduring and significant. Jerusalem's construction is not merely a human endeavor but is seen as an act of divine will. This reflects the biblical theme that God is the ultimate architect of His people's destiny. The city's physical and spiritual foundations are laid by God, emphasizing His sovereignty and the fulfillment of His promises. Theologically, this can inspire believers to trust in God's plan and His ability to build and establish His purposes in their lives.

as a city
The description "as a city" highlights Jerusalem's role as a communal and organized center. In ancient times, a city was more than just a collection of buildings; it was a place of governance, worship, and social interaction. Jerusalem, as a city, represents the unity and order that God desires for His people. It is a place where the tribes of Israel come together to worship and celebrate God's festivals, symbolizing the unity of God's people under His rule. This imagery can inspire Christians to seek unity and community within the body of Christ, reflecting the order and harmony that God intends for His church.

knit together
The phrase "knit together" conveys a sense of unity and cohesion. In Hebrew, the word "chabar" means to join or bind together, suggesting a strong and inseparable connection. This imagery reflects the ideal of Jerusalem as a city where all parts are harmoniously integrated, symbolizing the unity of God's people. Historically, Jerusalem was a place where diverse tribes and families came together to worship, reflecting the unity that God desires among His people. For Christians, this can be seen as a call to unity within the church, where believers are bound together in love and purpose, reflecting the unity of the body of Christ. This unity is not just organizational but spiritual, rooted in the shared faith and mission of God's people.

where the tribes go up
This phrase refers to the twelve tribes of Israel, the descendants of the sons of Jacob. The Hebrew word for "tribes" is "שֵׁבֶט" (shevet), which can also mean "staff" or "scepter," symbolizing authority and unity. Historically, the tribes would ascend to Jerusalem for the three major pilgrimage festivals: Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot. This pilgrimage was a physical and spiritual journey, emphasizing unity and collective worship. The act of "going up" to Jerusalem, situated on a hill, symbolizes an ascent towards God, both geographically and spiritually.

the tribes of the LORD
This phrase underscores the divine selection and covenant relationship between God and the people of Israel. The use of "the LORD" (YHWH) highlights the sacred and personal name of God, indicating His sovereignty and the special status of the tribes as His chosen people. This covenant relationship is central to the identity of Israel and their worship practices. It is a reminder of their calling to be a holy nation, set apart for God's purposes.

as a testimony for Israel
The word "testimony" in Hebrew is "עֵדוּת" (edut), which can also mean "witness." This suggests that the act of pilgrimage serves as a witness to the faithfulness of God and the obedience of His people. It is a public declaration of their identity and commitment to God's laws. Historically, this testimony was not only for Israel but also for the surrounding nations, demonstrating the unique relationship between God and His people.

to give thanks to the name of the LORD
Giving thanks is a central theme in Hebrew worship, and the phrase emphasizes the purpose of the pilgrimage: to express gratitude to God. The "name of the LORD" signifies His character, reputation, and presence. In Hebrew culture, a name is more than a label; it embodies the essence of the person. Thus, giving thanks to God's name is an acknowledgment of His attributes, deeds, and the blessings He bestows upon His people. This act of thanksgiving is both a duty and a privilege, reflecting a heart of worship and reverence.

For there the thrones of judgment
The phrase "For there the thrones of judgment" refers to the established seats of authority within Jerusalem, where justice and governance were administered. The Hebrew word for "thrones" (כִּסְאוֹת, kis'ot) signifies seats of power and authority, often associated with kingship and divine rule. Historically, Jerusalem was the center of Israel's judicial and religious life, where leaders would gather to make decisions and uphold the law. This highlights the city's role as a place where God's justice is enacted, reflecting His righteous character. The "thrones of judgment" symbolize the divine order and the importance of justice in maintaining societal harmony.

stand
The word "stand" (יָשָׁבוּ, yashavu) in this context implies permanence and stability. It suggests that the thrones are not temporary or fleeting but are established and enduring. This stability is crucial for the administration of justice, as it provides a consistent and reliable foundation for governance. The use of "stand" emphasizes the enduring nature of God's justice and the steadfastness of His rule, which is a source of comfort and assurance for the faithful.

the thrones of the house of David
"The thrones of the house of David" refers to the Davidic dynasty, which was established by God as the ruling line over Israel. The house of David is significant in biblical history as it represents God's covenant with David, promising that his descendants would rule Israel and ultimately lead to the Messiah. The mention of David's house underscores the legitimacy and divine sanction of the rulers who sit on these thrones. It also points to the messianic hope that is fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who is often referred to as the Son of David. This connection to David's lineage highlights the continuity of God's plan and His faithfulness to His promises.

Pray for the peace of Jerusalem
The phrase "Pray for the peace of Jerusalem" is a call to intercession and a reminder of the importance of Jerusalem in biblical history and prophecy. The Hebrew word for "pray" is "שָׁאַל" (sha'al), which can also mean to ask or inquire. This suggests an active engagement with God, seeking His intervention and blessing. Jerusalem, known as "Yerushalayim" in Hebrew, is a city of profound spiritual significance, being the center of Jewish worship and the location of the Temple. Historically, Jerusalem has been a focal point of conflict and divine promise, making the call for peace both a spiritual and practical necessity. The peace referred to here is "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), a comprehensive peace that encompasses well-being, prosperity, and harmony, not just the absence of conflict.

May those who love you prosper
The phrase "May those who love you prosper" is a blessing pronounced over those who hold Jerusalem dear. The Hebrew word for "love" is "אָהַב" (ahav), indicating a deep affection and commitment. This love is not merely emotional but is tied to a covenantal relationship with God and His chosen city. The word "prosper" is translated from "שָׁלָה" (shalah), which means to be at ease, to be secure, or to thrive. This prosperity is a divine favor that comes from aligning oneself with God's purposes and promises concerning Jerusalem. It reflects a biblical principle that those who bless God's people and His city will themselves be blessed, as seen in Genesis 12:3, where God promises to bless those who bless Abraham and his descendants.

May there be peace
The Hebrew word for "peace" here is "shalom," which encompasses more than just the absence of conflict. It implies completeness, welfare, and harmony. In the context of ancient Israel, "shalom" was a blessing of holistic well-being, reflecting God's covenantal promise to His people. The invocation of peace is a prayer for divine order and blessing, aligning with God's ultimate plan for His creation. Historically, Jerusalem was a city often besieged, and the prayer for peace was both a spiritual and practical necessity.

within your walls
The phrase "within your walls" refers to the physical and spiritual protection of Jerusalem. In ancient times, city walls were crucial for defense against enemies. Spiritually, this phrase suggests a desire for God's protective presence to envelop His people. The walls symbolize security and the divine safeguarding of the community's integrity and faith. Theologically, it points to the idea that true peace is found within the boundaries of God's will and presence.

and prosperity
The Hebrew word for "prosperity" is "shalvah," which conveys a sense of tranquility and ease. It is not merely material wealth but a state of contentment and security. Prosperity in this context is a divine blessing that results from living in accordance with God's statutes. It reflects the biblical principle that obedience to God brings about a flourishing life, both spiritually and materially.

within your citadels
"Citadels" refers to the fortified areas within a city, often the last line of defense. In Jerusalem, the citadel was a symbol of strength and resilience. Spiritually, this can be seen as a metaphor for the inner strength and fortitude that comes from a life rooted in faith. The prayer for prosperity within the citadels is a plea for God's enduring presence and blessing in the most secure and intimate parts of the community's life. Historically, the citadel was a place of refuge, and this prayer reflects a desire for God's protection and provision in every aspect of life.

For the sake of my brothers and friends
This phrase emphasizes the communal and relational aspect of the psalmist's prayer. The Hebrew word for "brothers" (אַחַי, 'achai) can refer to both literal family and broader kinship, indicating a deep sense of community and shared identity among the people of Israel. The term "friends" (רֵעַי, re'ai) extends this sense of community beyond familial ties to include close companions and allies. Historically, the Israelites placed a high value on community and relationships, understanding that their faith and identity were deeply intertwined with their social bonds. This phrase calls believers to consider the well-being of their community as integral to their own spiritual journey.

I will say
The act of speaking or declaring is significant in the Hebrew tradition. The verb "say" (אֲדַבֵּרָה, adaberah) implies a deliberate and intentional proclamation. In the context of the psalm, it suggests a commitment to vocalize one's intentions and desires for peace. This reflects the power of words in the biblical narrative, where speech is often seen as a creative and transformative act. By choosing to speak peace, the psalmist aligns with God's will and purpose for His people.

“Peace be within you.”
The Hebrew word for "peace" (שָׁלוֹם, shalom) encompasses more than the absence of conflict; it signifies wholeness, completeness, and well-being. In the context of Jerusalem, to which this psalm is directed, "peace" implies a state of harmony and prosperity under God's covenant. The phrase "within you" (בָּךְ, bak) suggests an internalized peace that permeates the very essence of the city and its inhabitants. This reflects the biblical vision of Jerusalem as a place where God's presence dwells, bringing peace to all who reside there. The psalmist's declaration is both a prayer and a blessing, invoking God's promise of peace for His people.

For the sake of
This phrase indicates a purpose or motivation behind the actions that follow. In the Hebrew context, it suggests a deep sense of commitment and dedication. The psalmist is expressing a selfless intention, prioritizing the well-being of something greater than oneself. This reflects a biblical principle of living for a purpose beyond personal gain, aligning with the teachings of Jesus about seeking first the kingdom of God (Matthew 6:33).

the house of the LORD
The "house of the LORD" refers to the temple in Jerusalem, a central place of worship for the Israelites. In the Hebrew Bible, the temple is not just a physical structure but a symbol of God's presence among His people. It represents a place of divine encounter, worship, and community. Historically, the temple was the heart of Jewish religious life, and its significance is echoed in the New Testament as believers are described as the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 6:19).

our God
This phrase emphasizes a personal and communal relationship with God. The use of "our" signifies a collective identity and shared faith among the people of Israel. It highlights the covenant relationship between God and His people, a recurring theme throughout the Bible. This communal aspect is crucial in understanding the psalmist's motivation, as the prosperity sought is not just individual but for the entire community of believers.

I will seek
The verb "seek" implies an active and intentional pursuit. In the Hebrew context, it conveys a sense of diligence and earnestness. This is not a passive hope but a committed effort to bring about the desired outcome. The psalmist's resolve to seek prosperity for the house of the LORD reflects a proactive faith, one that takes responsibility for the welfare of God's people and His dwelling place.

your prosperity
The term "prosperity" in this context goes beyond material wealth. In Hebrew, it often encompasses peace, well-being, and wholeness. The psalmist is expressing a desire for the flourishing of the community and the temple, which includes spiritual, social, and economic dimensions. This holistic view of prosperity aligns with the biblical vision of shalom, where peace and justice reign, and God's presence is fully realized among His people.