Then the word
The phrase "Then the word" signifies a continuation of divine communication. In Hebrew, "word" is "dabar," which implies not just a spoken word but a matter or thing. This indicates that what follows is not merely a message but a significant revelation from God. The use of "then" suggests a sequence, indicating that this message is part of an ongoing dialogue between God and Ezekiel, emphasizing the continuous nature of God's revelation to His prophets.

of the LORD
The term "LORD" in all capital letters is the English representation of the Tetragrammaton, YHWH, the sacred and personal name of God in the Hebrew Bible. This name is deeply significant, representing God's eternal, self-existent nature. It is a reminder of God's covenant relationship with Israel, highlighting His faithfulness and sovereignty. The use of "LORD" here underscores the authority and divine origin of the message Ezekiel is about to receive.

came to me
The phrase "came to me" indicates a personal and direct communication from God to Ezekiel. In Hebrew, the verb "came" is "hayah," which can also mean "to happen" or "to become." This suggests that the word of the LORD is not static but dynamic, actively engaging with the prophet. It emphasizes the personal nature of God's communication, showing that God seeks a relationship with His people through His chosen messengers.

saying
The word "saying" introduces the content of the divine message. In Hebrew, "amar" is used, which means to speak, declare, or command. This indicates that what follows is not merely a suggestion but a declaration from God. It prepares the reader for the authoritative and purposeful message that God is about to deliver through Ezekiel. The use of "saying" also implies that the message is meant to be heard, understood, and acted upon, highlighting the importance of obedience to God's word.

Son of man
This phrase is a frequent address to Ezekiel, emphasizing his humanity and role as a representative of the people. In Hebrew, "ben adam" underscores the prophet's connection to mankind, highlighting the divine message being delivered through a human vessel. It serves as a reminder of the humility and responsibility inherent in being chosen as God's messenger.

how is the wood of the vine
The vine is often symbolic of Israel in the Scriptures, representing God's chosen people. In this context, the "wood of the vine" refers to the nation of Israel. Unlike other trees, the vine's wood is not valued for its strength or utility but for its fruit. This metaphor suggests that Israel's worth is not in its inherent strength or power but in its ability to bear spiritual fruit and fulfill God's purposes.

better than that of a branch
This comparison invites reflection on the purpose and value of the vine versus other trees. The Hebrew word for "better" (טוֹב, tov) often implies goodness or suitability for a purpose. Here, it questions the vine's superiority, challenging Israel to consider its unique calling and the expectations God has for it.

on any of the trees in the forest
The "trees in the forest" symbolize the nations of the world. Forest trees are typically valued for their wood, used in construction and crafting. This phrase contrasts the vine's purpose with that of other nations, emphasizing that Israel's distinction lies not in worldly power or resources but in its covenant relationship with God. The forest imagery also evokes a sense of the vastness and diversity of the world, underscoring Israel's unique role among the nations.

Is wood ever taken from it
The phrase "Is wood ever taken from it" refers to the vine wood, which is the subject of this metaphor. In Hebrew, the word for wood is "עֵץ" (etz), which generally signifies timber or a tree. In the context of Ezekiel, the vine wood symbolizes the people of Jerusalem. Unlike the sturdy wood of a cedar or oak, vine wood is weak and not suitable for construction or crafting. This imagery emphasizes the spiritual barrenness and lack of utility of the people when they are not fulfilling their covenantal purpose with God. Historically, Israel was chosen to be a light to the nations, but in their disobedience, they became like vine wood—unfit for the purpose God intended.

to make something useful?
The phrase "to make something useful" underscores the expectation of productivity and purpose. The Hebrew root "עָשָׂה" (asah) means to do, make, or accomplish. This reflects God's desire for His people to be fruitful and to fulfill their divine calling. In a broader biblical context, believers are called to bear fruit in keeping with repentance (Matthew 3:8) and to live lives that reflect God's glory. The rhetorical question implies that the vine wood, representing the people, fails to meet this standard of usefulness due to their spiritual infidelity.

Or do they make a peg from it
The word "peg" in Hebrew is "יָתֵד" (yated), which refers to a small stake or pin used to secure something. In ancient times, pegs were essential for various purposes, such as securing tents or hanging items. The rhetorical question suggests that even for such a simple and minor use, vine wood is inadequate. This highlights the complete inadequacy of the people of Jerusalem in their current state. Spiritually, it serves as a warning that without alignment with God's will, even the simplest tasks cannot be accomplished.

to hang any vessel on?
The phrase "to hang any vessel on" uses the imagery of a vessel, which in Hebrew is "כְּלִי" (keli), meaning a container or implement. Vessels in biblical times were used for carrying water, oil, or other essentials, symbolizing the capacity to hold and deliver life-sustaining resources. The inability to hang a vessel on vine wood signifies the failure to support or sustain life, both physically and spiritually. In a scriptural context, this serves as a metaphor for the people's failure to uphold and convey the life-giving truth of God's word. It is a call to repentance and a return to their intended purpose as vessels of God's grace and truth.

And after it is thrown on the fire as fuel
The imagery of wood being thrown into the fire is a powerful metaphor for judgment and destruction. In the Hebrew context, the word for "thrown" (שָׁלַךְ, shalak) implies a deliberate act of discarding something that is no longer useful. The "fire" (אֵשׁ, esh) is often symbolic of God's judgment throughout the Bible. In this passage, the wood represents the people of Jerusalem, who have become spiritually unproductive and are thus subject to divine judgment. The use of "fuel" (אָכָל, akal) suggests that their purpose has been reduced to mere consumption by fire, highlighting the severity of their spiritual decay.

and the fire burns both ends
The phrase "burns both ends" signifies total consumption and destruction. In ancient times, burning wood from both ends would ensure that it is completely consumed, leaving nothing of value behind. This can be seen as a metaphor for the comprehensive nature of God's judgment. The Hebrew word for "burns" (בָּעַר, baar) conveys a sense of consuming with intensity. This reflects the thoroughness of God's purifying judgment, which leaves no part untouched.

and chars the middle
The word "chars" (חָרַךְ, charak) indicates a process of burning that leaves the wood blackened and brittle. This middle section, once the core of the wood, is now rendered useless. Historically, charring was a method used to make wood more resistant to decay, but in this context, it symbolizes the irreversible damage caused by sin and rebellion. The "middle" represents the heart of the people, which has been corrupted and is now beyond repair.

is it then useful for anything?
This rhetorical question underscores the futility of the wood after it has been burned. The Hebrew word for "useful" (יָעַל, yaal) implies profit or benefit. The question challenges the reader to consider the consequences of a life that has turned away from God. In the broader scriptural context, this serves as a warning to remain faithful and productive in one's spiritual walk. The implied answer is that, without repentance and renewal, there is no usefulness left, emphasizing the need for a life aligned with God's purposes.

Even when it was whole
The phrase "even when it was whole" refers to the state of the vine before it was burned. In the Hebrew context, the word for "whole" (תָּמִים, tamim) often implies completeness or integrity. The vine, representing Israel, was created with a purpose and potential. However, even in its unblemished state, it lacked the utility of sturdier trees. This serves as a metaphor for Israel's spiritual condition; despite being chosen and set apart by God, their inherent value was not in their own strength or utility but in their relationship with Him.

it was not useful for work
The Hebrew word for "useful" (יָעִיל, ya'il) suggests profitability or benefit. The vine wood, unlike cedar or oak, was not suitable for construction or crafting. This illustrates the idea that Israel, apart from God, could not fulfill its intended purpose. The vine's primary value was in bearing fruit, not in its wood. Spiritually, this emphasizes that the true worth of God's people lies in their fruitfulness and faithfulness, not in their worldly capabilities or achievements.

How much less when it is charred and scorched
The imagery of being "charred and scorched" (שָׂרַף, saraph) evokes the consequences of judgment and destruction. Fire, in biblical terms, often symbolizes purification or divine judgment. The vine, already of limited use, becomes entirely worthless when burned. This serves as a stark warning to Israel about the consequences of their disobedience and idolatry. Historically, this reflects the Babylonian exile, where the nation faced the fiery trials of conquest and captivity due to their unfaithfulness.

can it ever be useful for anything!
The rhetorical question underscores the hopelessness of the vine's condition post-destruction. The Hebrew construction here emphasizes the impossibility of restoration to usefulness once the vine is burned. This is a sobering reminder of the severity of God's judgment and the importance of remaining faithful. However, from a broader biblical perspective, it also points to the need for divine intervention and redemption. While human efforts may fail, God's grace can restore and renew, offering hope beyond judgment.

Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says
This phrase introduces a divine pronouncement, emphasizing the authority and sovereignty of God. The Hebrew term for "Lord GOD" is "Adonai Yahweh," underscoring God's supreme power and covenantal relationship with Israel. This introduction sets the stage for a serious and consequential message, reminding the audience of God's ultimate authority and the weight of His words.

Like the wood of the vine among the trees of the forest
The imagery of the "wood of the vine" is significant. In ancient Israel, the vine was often a symbol of the nation itself, representing fruitfulness and divine blessing. However, here the vine is compared unfavorably to the "trees of the forest." Unlike sturdy trees, vine wood is weak and unsuitable for construction, highlighting the current spiritual state of Jerusalem—unfruitful and lacking in strength. This metaphor serves as a stark reminder of the people's failure to live up to their calling as God's chosen nation.

which I have consigned to the fire for fuel
The act of consigning the vine wood to the fire signifies judgment. In the Hebrew context, fire often symbolizes purification or destruction. Here, it represents the latter, indicating that the people of Jerusalem, like the vine wood, are destined for destruction due to their unfaithfulness. This imagery would resonate deeply with Ezekiel's audience, who understood the severity of being "consigned to the fire."

so I have consigned the people of Jerusalem
This phrase directly applies the metaphor to the people of Jerusalem, making it clear that the judgment is not just theoretical but imminent and personal. The use of "consigned" suggests a deliberate decision by God, reflecting His justice in response to the people's persistent rebellion. Historically, this prophecy aligns with the Babylonian siege and eventual destruction of Jerusalem, serving as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God.

I will set My face against them
The phrase "I will set My face against them" is a powerful declaration of divine judgment. In Hebrew, the word for "face" is "פָּנִים" (panim), which often signifies presence or attention. When God sets His face against someone, it indicates His active opposition and judgment. This is not merely a passive disapproval but an intentional act of turning against those who have defied Him. Historically, this reflects God's covenant relationship with Israel, where blessings and curses were contingent upon their obedience (Deuteronomy 28). The imagery of God's face being set against them underscores the seriousness of their rebellion and the certainty of divine retribution.

Although they have escaped the fire
The phrase "Although they have escaped the fire" suggests a temporary reprieve or survival from previous judgments. In the context of Ezekiel, fire often symbolizes purification or judgment. The Hebrew word for "fire" is "אֵשׁ" (esh), which is frequently used in the Old Testament to denote God's purifying or destructive power. This part of the verse implies that while the people may have survived earlier calamities, their reprieve is not permanent. Historically, this can be seen in the context of the Babylonian invasions, where some Israelites initially escaped destruction, only to face further judgment due to continued disobedience.

yet the fire will consume them
The continuation "yet the fire will consume them" emphasizes the inevitability of judgment. The Hebrew root for "consume" is "אָכַל" (akal), meaning to eat or devour. This conveys the totality and completeness of the impending judgment. Despite any temporary escape, the ultimate outcome is destruction due to their persistent sinfulness. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, reinforcing the theme of divine justice that runs throughout the prophetic books.

And when I set My face against them
Reiterating "And when I set My face against them" reinforces the certainty and seriousness of God's judgment. The repetition of God setting His face against the people highlights the deliberate and unavoidable nature of His actions. It serves as a warning to the Israelites and a call to repentance, emphasizing that God's patience has limits when faced with continual rebellion.

you will know that I am the LORD
The concluding phrase "you will know that I am the LORD" is a recurring theme in Ezekiel, underscoring the purpose of God's actions. The Hebrew name for God here is "יְהוָה" (YHWH), often rendered as "LORD" in English translations. This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His covenant relationship with Israel. The recognition of God as LORD is not just intellectual acknowledgment but an experiential understanding of His sovereignty and holiness. This phrase serves as both a warning and an invitation, urging the people to recognize God's authority and return to Him in faithfulness. It reflects the ultimate goal of God's judgments—to bring His people back to a true understanding and relationship with Him.

Thus I will make
The phrase "Thus I will make" indicates a divine action and intention. In Hebrew, the verb used here is "שָׁמֵם" (shamem), which means to make desolate or to lay waste. This reflects God's sovereign power to enact judgment. The use of "I will make" underscores God's active role in the unfolding of His divine justice. It is a reminder of His authority and the certainty of His decrees. In the context of Ezekiel, this is a continuation of God's warning to Israel, emphasizing that the consequences of their actions are not arbitrary but are a direct result of divine judgment.

the land desolate
The term "desolate" in Hebrew is "שְׁמָמָה" (shemamah), which conveys a sense of utter ruin and barrenness. Historically, this reflects the fate of Jerusalem and Judah, which were devastated by the Babylonian conquest. The land, once flowing with milk and honey, becomes a symbol of spiritual and physical desolation due to the people's unfaithfulness. This desolation serves as a tangible representation of the spiritual barrenness that results from turning away from God. It is a call to recognize the seriousness of sin and the impact it has not only on individuals but on the community and land as a whole.

because they have acted unfaithfully
The phrase "acted unfaithfully" is derived from the Hebrew root "מָעַל" (ma'al), which means to act treacherously or to betray a trust. This term is often used in the context of covenant unfaithfulness. Israel's relationship with God was based on a covenant, and their idolatry and disobedience were seen as acts of betrayal. This highlights the personal nature of sin against God, as it is not merely a breaking of rules but a breach of relationship. The unfaithfulness of the people is the direct cause of the desolation, emphasizing the moral and spiritual dimensions of their actions.

declares the Lord GOD
The phrase "declares the Lord GOD" is a solemn affirmation of the message's divine origin. In Hebrew, "declares" is "נְאֻם" (ne'um), often used in prophetic literature to introduce or conclude a divine pronouncement. "The Lord GOD" is "אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה" (Adonai Yahweh), combining the titles of Lord and the personal name of God, Yahweh. This combination underscores both the authority and the covenantal relationship God has with His people. It serves as a reminder that the message is not from the prophet's own imagination but is a direct communication from the sovereign Creator and Sustainer of all. This declaration invites the audience to respond with reverence and repentance, acknowledging the seriousness of God's words and the opportunity for restoration through returning to Him.