Psalm 105:28
New International Version
He sent darkness and made the land dark— for had they not rebelled against his words?

New Living Translation
The LORD blanketed Egypt in darkness, for they had defied his commands to let his people go.

English Standard Version
He sent darkness, and made the land dark; they did not rebel against his words.

Berean Standard Bible
He sent darkness, and it became dark—yet they defied His words.

King James Bible
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.

New King James Version
He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they did not rebel against His word.

New American Standard Bible
He sent darkness and made it dark; And they did not rebel against His words.

NASB 1995
He sent darkness and made it dark; And they did not rebel against His words.

NASB 1977
He sent darkness and made it dark; And they did not rebel against His words.

Legacy Standard Bible
He sent darkness and made it dark; And they did not rebel against His words.

Amplified Bible
He sent [thick, oppressive] darkness and made the land dark; And Moses and Aaron did not rebel against His words.

Christian Standard Bible
He sent darkness, and it became dark — for did they not defy his commands?

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He sent darkness, and it became dark— for did they not defy His commands?

American Standard Version
He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they rebelled not against his words.

Contemporary English Version
Moses and Aaron obeyed God, and he sent darkness to cover Egypt.

English Revised Version
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his words.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
He sent darkness and made [their land] dark. They did not rebel against his orders.

Good News Translation
God sent darkness on the country, but the Egyptians did not obey his command.

International Standard Version
He sent darkness, and it became dark. Did they not rebel against his words?

Majority Standard Bible
He sent darkness, and it became dark—yet they defied His words.

NET Bible
He made it dark; they did not disobey his orders.

New Heart English Bible
He sent darkness, and made it dark, but they rebelled against his words.

Webster's Bible Translation
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.

World English Bible
He sent darkness, and made it dark. They didn’t rebel against his words.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
He has sent darkness, and it is dark, "" And they have not provoked His word.

Young's Literal Translation
He hath sent darkness, and it is dark, And they have not provoked His word.

Smith's Literal Translation
He sent darkness, and he will darken; and they embittered not his words.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
He sent darkness, and made it obscure: and grieved not his words.

Catholic Public Domain Version
He sent darkness and made it conceal, and he did not afflict them with his speech.

New American Bible
He sent darkness and it grew dark, but they rebelled against his word.

New Revised Standard Version
He sent darkness, and made the land dark; they rebelled against his words.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
He sent darkness, and made it dark; and yet they rebelled against his word.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
He sent darkness and it became dark and they bitterly provoked his Word.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
He sent darkness, and it was dark; And they rebelled not against His word.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
He sent forth darkness, and made it dark; yet they rebelled against his words.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Tell of His Wonders
27They performed His miraculous signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham. 28He sent darkness, and it became dark— yet they defied His words. 29He turned their waters to blood and caused their fish to die.…

Cross References
Exodus 10:21-23
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that darkness may spread over the land of Egypt—a palpable darkness.” / So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and total darkness covered all the land of Egypt for three days. / No one could see anyone else, and for three days no one left his place. Yet all the Israelites had light in their dwellings.

Exodus 7:14-25
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go. / Go to Pharaoh in the morning as you see him walking out to the water. Wait on the bank of the Nile to meet him, and take in your hand the staff that was changed into a snake. / Then say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let My people go, so that they may worship Me in the wilderness. But until now you have not listened. ...

Exodus 9:22-26
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that hail may fall on all the land of Egypt—on man and beast and every plant of the field throughout the land of Egypt.” / So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning struck the earth. So the LORD rained down hail upon the land of Egypt. / The hail fell and the lightning continued flashing through it. The hail was so severe that nothing like it had ever been seen in all the land of Egypt from the time it became a nation. ...

Exodus 8:1-15
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. / But if you refuse to let them go, I will plague your whole country with frogs. / The Nile will teem with frogs, and they will come into your palace and up to your bedroom and onto your bed, into the houses of your officials and your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls. ...

Exodus 8:16-19
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Stretch out your staff and strike the dust of the earth, that it may turn into swarms of gnats throughout the land of Egypt.’” / This they did, and when Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff and struck the dust of the earth, gnats came upon man and beast. All the dust of the earth turned into gnats throughout the land of Egypt. / The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts, but they could not. And the gnats remained on man and beast. ...

Exodus 8:20-32
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning, and when Pharaoh goes out to the water, stand before him and tell him that this is what the LORD says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. / But if you will not let My people go, I will send swarms of flies upon you and your officials and your people and your houses. The houses of the Egyptians and even the ground where they stand will be full of flies. / But on that day I will give special treatment to the land of Goshen, where My people live; no swarms of flies will be found there. In this way you will know that I, the LORD, am in the land. ...

Exodus 9:1-7
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. / But if you continue to restrain them and refuse to let them go, / then the hand of the LORD will bring a severe plague on your livestock in the field—on your horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks. ...

Exodus 9:8-12
Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of soot from the furnace; in the sight of Pharaoh, Moses is to toss it into the air. / It will become fine dust over all the land of Egypt, and festering boils will break out on man and beast throughout the land.” / So they took soot from the furnace and stood before Pharaoh. Moses tossed it into the air, and festering boils broke out on man and beast. ...

Exodus 9:13-21
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning, stand before Pharaoh, and tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. / Otherwise, I will send all My plagues against you and your officials and your people, so you may know that there is no one like Me in all the earth. / For by this time I could have stretched out My hand and struck you and your people with a plague to wipe you off the earth. ...

Exodus 10:1-20
Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them, / and that you may tell your children and grandchildren how severely I dealt with the Egyptians when I performed miraculous signs among them, so that all of you may know that I am the LORD.” / So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. ...

Exodus 10:24-29
Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, “Go, worship the LORD. Even your little ones may go with you; only your flocks and herds must stay behind.” / But Moses replied, “You must also provide us with sacrifices and burnt offerings to present to the LORD our God. / Even our livestock must go with us; not a hoof will be left behind, for we will need some of them to worship the LORD our God, and we will not know how we are to worship the LORD until we arrive.” ...

Exodus 11:1-10
Then the LORD said to Moses, “I will bring upon Pharaoh and Egypt one more plague. After that, he will allow you to leave this place. And when he lets you go, he will drive you out completely. / Now announce to the people that men and women alike should ask their neighbors for articles of silver and gold.” / And the LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover, Moses himself was highly regarded in Egypt by Pharaoh’s officials and by the people. ...

Exodus 12:29-30
Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock. / During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead.

Deuteronomy 4:34
Or has any god tried to take as his own a nation out of another nation—by trials, signs, wonders, and war, by a strong hand and an outstretched arm, and by great terrors—as the LORD your God did for you in Egypt, before your eyes?

Nehemiah 9:10
You performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh, all his officials, and all the people of his land, for You knew they had acted with arrogance against our fathers. You made a name for Yourself that endures to this day.


Treasury of Scripture

He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.

sent

Exodus 10:21-23
And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt…

Joel 2:2,31
A day of darkness and of gloominess, a day of clouds and of thick darkness, as the morning spread upon the mountains: a great people and a strong; there hath not been ever the like, neither shall be any more after it, even to the years of many generations…

Luke 23:44,45
And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour…

rebelled

Psalm 99:7
He spake unto them in the cloudy pillar: they kept his testimonies, and the ordinance that he gave them.

Ezekiel 2:4-8
For they are impudent children and stiffhearted. I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD…

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Psalm 105
1. An exhortation to praise God, and to seek out his works
7. The story of God's providence over Abraham
16. Over Joseph
23. Over Jacob in Egypt
26. Over Moses delivering the Israelites
37. Over the Israelites brought out of Egypt, fed in the desert, and planted in Canaan.














He sent darkness
This phrase refers to God's sovereign power over creation, as He commands the elements to fulfill His purposes. The Hebrew word for "sent" is שָׁלַח (shalach), which implies a deliberate action or dispatch. In the context of the plagues of Egypt, this darkness was a tangible manifestation of God's judgment. Historically, this aligns with the ninth plague in Exodus, where darkness covered Egypt for three days. This darkness was not just a natural phenomenon but a divine act that demonstrated God's supremacy over the Egyptian gods, particularly Ra, the sun god.

and it became dark
The Hebrew word for "dark" is חֹשֶׁךְ (choshek), which signifies not only the absence of light but also a spiritual and moral darkness. This darkness was so profound that it could be felt, as described in Exodus 10:21. It symbolizes the spiritual blindness and hardening of heart that can occur when people reject God's truth. In a broader scriptural context, darkness often represents judgment and separation from God, contrasting with the light of His presence and truth.

and they did not defy His words
This phrase underscores the absolute authority of God's command. The Hebrew root for "defy" is מָרָה (marah), meaning to rebel or resist. The Egyptians, despite their initial resistance, could not withstand the power of God's word. This highlights the futility of opposing God's will and serves as a reminder of His ultimate control over all creation. In a spiritual sense, it calls believers to submit to God's authority and trust in His righteous judgments.

(28) Darkness.--The enumeration of the plagues omits the fifth and sixth, and begins with the ninth, and appends a clause which, from the first, has troubled translators. Of whom is it said, "They rebelled not against his words"? Of the Egyptians it is not true; and to refer the words to Moses and Aaron, in contrast with their resistance to the Divine command at Massah and Meribah, is feeble. The LXX. and the Syriac solved the difficulty by rejecting the negative. (Comp. the Prayer Book Version.)

The simplest explanation is to take the verb as imperfect subjunctive: "He sent darkness, and made it dark, that they might not rebel against his word."

But this fails to supply a reason for the position in the list of the ninth plague, and the suggested emendation of Mr. Burgess is so satisfactory in this respect, that it almost by itself carries conviction with it. By a very slight change, he obtains: "He sent darkness, and darkened them, that they might not discern his tokens;" taking deber in the same sense that it bears in Psalm 105:27.

Thus the plague of darkness is, by a slight device of the poet, made to symbolise the moral blindness displayed by the Egyptians throughout.

Verse 28. - He sent darkness, and made it dark (see Exodus 10:21-23). And they rebelled not against his word. If the "not" is to stand in this passage, it must be referred to Moses and Aaron. Professor Cheyne, however, following the Septuagint and Peshito versions, boldly cancels the "not."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
He sent
שָׁ֣לַֽח (šā·laḥ)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7971: To send away, for, out

darkness,
חֹ֭שֶׁךְ (ḥō·šeḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2822: The dark, darkness, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

and it became dark—
וַיַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ (way·yaḥ·šiḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2821: To be dark, to darken

for had they not
וְלֹֽא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

defied
מָ֝ר֗וּ (mā·rū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 4784: To be contentious or rebellious

His words?
דְּבָרֽוֹ׃ (də·ḇā·rōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause


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OT Poetry: Psalm 105:28 He sent darkness and made it dark (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 105:27
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