Topical Encyclopedia Introduction:Jesus, known as the Christ, is the central figure of Christianity, revered as the Son of God and the Savior of humanity. His life, death, and resurrection are foundational to Christian faith, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and establishing the New Covenant. Names and Titles: The name "Jesus" is derived from the Hebrew "Yeshua," meaning "Yahweh is salvation." "Christ" is the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew "Messiah," meaning "Anointed One." Other titles include "Emmanuel" (Matthew 1:23), "Son of God" (John 1:34), "Son of Man" (Mark 10:45), "Lamb of God" (John 1:29), and "King of Kings" (Revelation 19:16). Birth and Early Life: Jesus was born in Bethlehem to the Virgin Mary, fulfilling the prophecy of Isaiah 7:14. His birth is recorded in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, highlighting the miraculous nature of His conception by the Holy Spirit (Matthew 1:18-25; Luke 1:26-38). The visit of the Magi and the flight to Egypt are significant events in His early life (Matthew 2:1-15). Ministry: Jesus began His public ministry around the age of thirty, following His baptism by John the Baptist (Matthew 3:13-17). He preached the Kingdom of God, performed miracles, and taught with authority, often using parables. Key aspects of His ministry include the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7), the feeding of the 5,000 (John 6:1-14), and the raising of Lazarus (John 11:1-44). Teachings: Jesus' teachings emphasized love, forgiveness, and repentance. He taught the greatest commandments: to love God and love one's neighbor (Matthew 22:37-40). The Beatitudes (Matthew 5:3-12) and the Lord's Prayer (Matthew 6:9-13) are central to His ethical teachings. Death and Resurrection: Jesus' crucifixion is the pivotal event of the New Testament, fulfilling the sacrificial system of the Old Covenant. He was betrayed by Judas Iscariot, tried, and sentenced to death by Pontius Pilate (Matthew 27:1-26). His death on the cross is seen as atonement for sin (1 Peter 2:24). The resurrection on the third day is a cornerstone of Christian belief, affirming His victory over sin and death (Matthew 28:1-10; 1 Corinthians 15:3-4). Ascension and Second Coming: After appearing to His disciples post-resurrection, Jesus ascended into heaven (Acts 1:9-11). Christians await His promised return, known as the Second Coming, when He will judge the living and the dead (Matthew 24:30-31; Revelation 19:11-16). Role in Salvation: Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant, offering salvation to all who believe in Him (John 3:16; Hebrews 9:15). His role as the High Priest and intercessor is emphasized in the Epistle to the Hebrews (Hebrews 4:14-16). Fulfillment of Prophecy: Jesus' life and mission fulfilled numerous Old Testament prophecies, including His birth (Micah 5:2), suffering (Isaiah 53), and resurrection (Psalm 16:10). These fulfillments affirm His identity as the promised Messiah. Impact and Legacy: The impact of Jesus' life and teachings is immeasurable, shaping the course of history and the lives of billions. His message of redemption and hope continues to resonate, forming the foundation of Christian doctrine and practice. |