Genesis 21:10 and she said to Abraham, "Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman's son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!"

◄ Genesis 21:10 ►

New International Version
and she said to Abraham, “Get rid of that slave woman and her son, for that woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac.”

New Living Translation
So she turned to Abraham and demanded, “Get rid of that slave woman and her son. He is not going to share the inheritance with my son, Isaac. I won’t have it!”

English Standard Version
So she said to Abraham, “Cast out this slave woman with her son, for the son of this slave woman shall not be heir with my son Isaac.”

Berean Standard Bible
and she said to Abraham, “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!”

King James Bible
Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

New King James Version
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Cast out this bondwoman and her son; for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, namely with Isaac.”

New American Standard Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Drive out this slave woman and her son, for the son of this slave woman shall not be an heir with my son Isaac!”

NASB 1995
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Drive out this maid and her son, for the son of this maid shall not be an heir with my son Isaac.”

NASB 1977
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Drive out this maid and her son, for the son of this maid shall not be an heir with my son Isaac.”

Legacy Standard Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Drive out this maidservant and her son! The son of this maidservant shall not be an heir with my son, with Isaac.”

Amplified Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Drive out this maid and her son, for the son of this maid shall not be an heir with my son Isaac.”

Christian Standard Bible
So she said to Abraham, “Drive out this slave with her son, for the son of this slave will not be a coheir with my son Isaac! ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So she said to Abraham, “Drive out this slave with her son, for the son of this slave will not be a coheir with my son Isaac!”

American Standard Version
Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this handmaid and her son: for the son of this handmaid shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

English Revised Version
Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
She said to Abraham, "Get rid of this slave and her son, because this slave's son must never share the inheritance with my son Isaac."

Good News Translation
Sarah saw them and said to Abraham, "Send this slave and her son away. The son of this woman must not get any part of your wealth, which my son Isaac should inherit."

International Standard Version
she told Abraham, "Throw out this slave girl, along with her son, because this slave's son will never be a co-heir with my son Isaac!"

Majority Standard Bible
and she said to Abraham, “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!”

NET Bible
So she said to Abraham, "Banish that slave woman and her son, for the son of that slave woman will not be an heir along with my son Isaac!"

New Heart English Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, "Cast out this slave woman and her son. For the son of this slave woman will not be heir with my son, Isaac."

Webster's Bible Translation
Wherefore, she said to Abraham, Cast out this bond-woman, and her son: for the son of this bond-woman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

World English Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, “Cast out this servant and her son! For the son of this servant will not be heir with my son, Isaac.”

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
and she says to Abraham, “Cast out this handmaid and her son; for the son of this handmaid has no possession with my son—with Isaac.”

Young's Literal Translation
and she saith to Abraham, 'Cast out this handmaid and her son; for the son of this handmaid hath no possession with my son -- with Isaac.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And she will say to Abraham, Cast out this maid-servant and her son; for the son of this maid-servant shall not inherit with my son, with Isaak.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
Cast out this bondwoman, and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with my son Isaac.

Catholic Public Domain Version
“Cast out this woman servant and her son. For the son of a woman servant will not be heir with my son Isaac.”

New American Bible
so she demanded of Abraham: “Drive out that slave and her son! No son of that slave is going to share the inheritance with my son Isaac!”

New Revised Standard Version
So she said to Abraham, “Cast out this slave woman with her son; for the son of this slave woman shall not inherit along with my son Isaac.”

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
Therefore she said to Abraham, Expel this maidservant and her son; for the son of this maidservant shall not be heir with my son Isaac.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And she said to Abraham, “Cast out this Maidservant and her son, because the son of this maid will not inherit with my son Isaaq.”

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
Wherefore she said unto Abraham: 'Cast out this bondwoman and her son; for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
then she said to Abraam, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, for the son of this bondwoman shall not inherit with my son Isaac.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

Sarah Turns Against Hagar
9But Sarah saw that the son whom Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham was mocking her son, 10and she said to Abraham, “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!” 11Now this matter distressed Abraham greatly because it concerned his son Ishmael.…

Berean Standard Bible · Download

Cross References

Galatians 4:30
But what does the Scripture say? “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with the free woman’s son.”

Romans 9:7-9
Nor because they are Abraham’s descendants are they all his children. On the contrary, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.” / So it is not the children of the flesh who are God’s children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as offspring. / For this is what the promise stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”

Hebrews 11:18
even though God had said to him, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.”

John 8:35
A slave does not remain in the house forever, but a son remains forever.

Galatians 4:22-23
For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. / His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh, but his son by the free woman was born through the promise.

Galatians 4:28-29
Now you, brothers, like Isaac, are children of promise. / At that time, however, the son born by the flesh persecuted the son born by the Spirit. It is the same now.

Romans 4:13
For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world was not given through the law, but through the righteousness that comes by faith.

Romans 4:18
Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations, just as he had been told, “So shall your offspring be.”

Romans 8:17
And if we are children, then we are heirs: heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ—if indeed we suffer with Him, so that we may also be glorified with Him.

Galatians 3:29
And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed and heirs according to the promise.

Genesis 17:19-21
But God replied, “Your wife Sarah will indeed bear you a son, and you are to name him Isaac. I will establish My covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him. / As for Ishmael, I have heard you, and I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and multiply him greatly. He will become the father of twelve rulers, and I will make him into a great nation. / But I will establish My covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this time next year.”

Genesis 16:12
He will be a wild donkey of a man, and his hand will be against everyone, and everyone’s hand against him; he will live in hostility toward all his brothers.”

Genesis 25:5-6
Abraham left everything he owned to Isaac. / But while he was still alive, Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines and sent them away from his son Isaac to the land of the east.

Genesis 15:4
Then the word of the LORD came to Abram, saying, “This one will not be your heir, but one who comes from your own body will be your heir.”

Genesis 17:18
And Abraham said to God, “O that Ishmael might live under Your blessing!”

Treasury of Scripture

Why she said to Abraham, Cast out this female slave and her son: for the son of this female slave shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

Cast out.

Genesis 21:7
And she said, Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck? for I have born him a son in his old age.

Genesis 25:6,19
But unto the sons of the concubines, which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country…

Genesis 17:19,21
And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him…

Genesis 20:11
And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife's sake.

heir.

John 8:35
And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.

Galatians 3:18
For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise.

Galatians 4:7
Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

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Genesis 21

1. Isaac is born, and circumcised.
6. Sarah's joy.
8. Isaac is weaned.
9. Hagar and Ishmael sent away.
15. Hagar in distress.
17. The angel relieves and comforts her.
23. Abimelech's covenant with Abraham at Beersheba.

Berean Study Bible

so she said to Abraham
This phrase introduces Sarah's direct speech to Abraham, highlighting her role and influence in the family dynamics. In the Hebrew context, Sarah's voice here is significant, as it reflects the cultural and familial authority she holds. Her words are not merely a suggestion but a decisive command, indicating her concern for Isaac's inheritance and future. Historically, the patriarchal society often placed women in secondary roles, yet Sarah's assertiveness here underscores her pivotal role in the unfolding of God's covenant promises.

Drive out
The Hebrew word used here is "גרש" (garash), which means to cast out or expel. This term conveys a forceful action, emphasizing the severity of Sarah's demand. In the ancient Near Eastern context, expulsion from a household was a serious matter, often resulting in loss of protection and provision. Sarah's insistence on driving out Hagar and Ishmael reflects her protective instinct for Isaac's inheritance and the fulfillment of God's promise through him.

this slave woman
The term "slave woman" refers to Hagar, emphasizing her status within the household. In Hebrew, "אמה" (amah) denotes a female servant or maidservant. This designation highlights the social hierarchy and the distinction between Sarah, the free woman, and Hagar, the bondwoman. Theologically, this distinction is later used by the Apostle Paul in Galatians 4:22-31 to illustrate the difference between the old covenant of the law and the new covenant of grace.

and her son
This phrase refers to Ishmael, Hagar's son with Abraham. Ishmael's position as Abraham's firstborn son complicates the family dynamics, as he is a legitimate heir by birth. However, Sarah's insistence on his expulsion underscores the divine selection of Isaac as the child of promise. This tension between Ishmael and Isaac prefigures the ongoing conflict between their descendants, as seen throughout biblical history.

for the son of this slave woman
Reiterating Ishmael's status as the son of a slave woman, this phrase underscores the perceived threat to Isaac's inheritance. The repetition of Hagar's status serves to justify Sarah's demand, as it emphasizes the social and covenantal distinctions between Ishmael and Isaac. This distinction is crucial in understanding the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through Isaac's lineage.

shall not be a co-heir
The concept of co-heirship is central to the inheritance rights in ancient cultures. In Hebrew, the term "ירש" (yarash) means to inherit or possess. Sarah's declaration that Ishmael shall not share in the inheritance with Isaac reflects her understanding of God's promise to Abraham regarding Isaac's unique role. This exclusion of Ishmael from co-heirship is a pivotal moment in the narrative, reinforcing the divine election of Isaac.

with my son Isaac
The phrase "my son Isaac" highlights Sarah's maternal bond and her protective stance over Isaac's future. Isaac, whose name means "laughter," is the child of promise, born to Sarah in her old age as a fulfillment of God's covenant with Abraham. This emphasis on Isaac as "my son" underscores the personal and covenantal significance of his role in God's redemptive plan, setting the stage for the continuation of the Abrahamic covenant through his lineage.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(10) Bondwoman.--Heb., ammah. This word is rightly translated handmaid in Galatians 4:22, &c., Revised Version. It is rendered maid in Genesis 30:3, and in the plural, maidservants, in Genesis 20:17, where, as we have seen, it means Abimelech's inferior wives. So also in 1Samuel 25:41, Abigail professes her willingness to descend from the position of an ammah to that of a maidservant in David's honour. The rendering "bondwoman "unduly depresses Hagar's condition, and with it that of the Jewish Church in the allegory contained in Galatians 4:22-31.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 10. - Wherefore she said - though with an admixture of sinful feelings, non dubito arcane Spiritus instinctu gubernatam fuisse ejus linguam et mentem (Calvin); vide Galatians 4:30 - unto Abraham, Cast out - by some kind of legal act (as divorce: cf. Leviticus 21:7, 14; Leviticus 22:13; Isaiah 57:20), which should insure the disinheriting of Ishmael (Bush); though probably- this is to import later Mosaic legislation rote the records of primitive tunes - this bondwoman - a term ill befitting Sarah, who had given Hagar to her husband as a wife (Genesis 16:3) - and her son (who was Abraham's offspring, though not the promised seed; a consideration which should have mitigated Sarah's anger): for the son of this bondwoman (a repetition evincing the bitter ness of her contempt and the intensity of her choler) shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac. Notwithstanding the assurance (Genesis 17:21) that the covenant was made with Isaac, Sarah was apprehensive lest Ishmael should contrive to disinherit him; an act of unbelief into which she was manifestly betrayed by her maternal fears and womanly jealousy.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

and she said
וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ (wat·tō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

to Abraham,
לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם (lə·’aḇ·rā·hām)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 85: Abraham -- 'exalted father', the father of the Jewish nation

“Expel
גָּרֵ֛שׁ (gā·rêš)
Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 1644: To drive out from a, possession, to expatriate, divorce

the
הַזֹּ֖את (haz·zōṯ)
Article | Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

slave woman
הָאָמָ֥ה (hā·’ā·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 519: A maidservant, female slave

and her son,
בְּנָ֑הּ (bə·nāh)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

for
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

the slave woman’s
הָאָמָ֣ה (hā·’ā·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 519: A maidservant, female slave

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

will never
לֹ֤א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

share in the inheritance
יִירַשׁ֙ (yî·raš)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3423: To occupy, to seize, to rob, to inherit, to expel, to impoverish, to ruin

with
עִם־ (‘im-)
Preposition
Strong's 5973: With, equally with

my son
בְּנִ֖י (bə·nî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1121: A son

Isaac!”
יִצְחָֽק׃ (yiṣ·ḥāq)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3327: Isaac -- 'he laughs', son of Abraham and Sarah

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OT Law: Genesis 21:10 Therefore she said to Abraham Cast out (Gen. Ge Gn)