Deuteronomy 22:23
New International Version
If a man happens to meet in a town a virgin pledged to be married and he sleeps with her,

New Living Translation
“Suppose a man meets a young woman, a virgin who is engaged to be married, and he has sexual intercourse with her. If this happens within a town,

English Standard Version
“If there is a betrothed virgin, and a man meets her in the city and lies with her,

Berean Standard Bible
If there is a virgin pledged in marriage to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and sleeps with her,

King James Bible
If a damsel that is a virgin be betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

New King James Version
“If a young woman who is a virgin is betrothed to a husband, and a man finds her in the city and lies with her,

New American Standard Bible
“If there is a girl who is a virgin betrothed to a man, and another man finds her in the city and sleeps with her,

NASB 1995
“If there is a girl who is a virgin engaged to a man, and another man finds her in the city and lies with her,

NASB 1977
“If there is a girl who is a virgin engaged to a man, and another man finds her in the city and lies with her,

Legacy Standard Bible
“If there is a girl who is a virgin engaged to a man, and another man finds her in the city and lies with her,

Amplified Bible
“If a young woman who is a virgin is engaged (legally betrothed) to a man, and another man finds her in the city and is intimate with her,

Christian Standard Bible
If there is a young woman who is a virgin engaged to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and sleeps with her,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If there is a young woman who is a virgin engaged to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and has sex with her,

American Standard Version
If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto a husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

English Revised Version
If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
This is what you must do when a man has sexual intercourse with a virgin who is engaged to another man. If this happens in a city,

Good News Translation
"Suppose a man is caught in a town having intercourse with a young woman who is engaged to someone else.

International Standard Version
"If a man meets a young virgin lady engaged to be married in the city and has sexual relations with her,

Majority Standard Bible
If there is a virgin pledged in marriage to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and sleeps with her,

NET Bible
If a virgin is engaged to a man and another man meets her in the city and has sexual relations with her,

New Heart English Bible
If there is a young woman who is a virgin pledged to be married to a husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

Webster's Bible Translation
If a damsel that is a virgin shall be betrothed to a husband, and a man shall find her in the city, and lie with her;

World English Bible
If there is a young lady who is a virgin pledged to be married to a husband, and a man finds her in the city, and lies with her,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
When there is a girl, a virgin, betrothed to a man, and a man has found her in a city and lain with her,

Young's Literal Translation
'When there is a damsel, a virgin, betrothed to a man, and a man hath found her in a city, and lain with her;

Smith's Literal Translation
When there shall be a maiden, a virgin, betrothed to a man, and a man found her in the city and lay with her;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
If a man have espoused a damsel that is a virgin, and some one find her in the city, and lie with her,

Catholic Public Domain Version
If a man has betrothed a girl who is a virgin, and if someone finds her in the city and he lies with her,

New American Bible
If there is a young woman, a virgin who is betrothed, and a man comes upon her in the city and lies with her,

New Revised Standard Version
If there is a young woman, a virgin already engaged to be married, and a man meets her in the town and lies with her,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If there is a damsel who is a virgin and who is betrothed to a man, and another man find her in the city and lie with her;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And if there will be a virgin girl who is engaged to man and another man will find her in the city and he shall lie with her.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto a man, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And if there be a young damsel espoused to a man, and a man should have found her in the city and have lain with her;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Marriage Violations
22If a man is found lying with another man’s wife, both the man who slept with her and the woman must die. You must purge the evil from Israel. 23If there is a virgin pledged in marriage to a man, and another man encounters her in the city and sleeps with her, 24you must take both of them out to the gate of that city and stone them to death—the young woman because she did not cry out in the city, and the man because he has violated his neighbor’s wife. So you must purge the evil from among you.…

Cross References
Leviticus 20:10
If a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.

Exodus 22:16-17
If a man seduces a virgin who is not pledged in marriage and sleeps with her, he must pay the full dowry for her to be his wife. / If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, the man still must pay an amount comparable to the bridal price of a virgin.

Matthew 5:27-28
You have heard that it was said, ‘Do not commit adultery.’ / But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.

John 8:3-5
The scribes and Pharisees, however, brought to Him a woman caught in adultery. They made her stand before them / and said, “Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery. / In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such a woman. So what do You say?”

1 Corinthians 6:9-10
Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who submit to or perform homosexual acts, / nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.

Leviticus 19:20-22
If a man lies carnally with a slave girl promised to another man but who has not been redeemed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment. But they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed. / The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting as his guilt offering to the LORD. / The priest shall make atonement on his behalf before the LORD with the ram of the guilt offering for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven the sin he has committed.

Matthew 19:18
“Which ones?” the man asked. Jesus answered, “‘Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness,

Romans 7:2-3
For instance, a married woman is bound by law to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is released from the law of marriage. / So then, if she is joined to another man while her husband is still alive, she is called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from that law and is not an adulteress if she marries another man.

1 Corinthians 7:2
But because there is so much sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife, and each woman her own husband.

1 Thessalonians 4:3-4
For it is God’s will that you should be holy: You must abstain from sexual immorality; / each of you must know how to control his own body in holiness and honor,

Proverbs 6:32-33
He who commits adultery lacks judgment; whoever does so destroys himself. / Wounds and dishonor will befall him, and his reproach will never be wiped away.

Hebrews 13:4
Marriage should be honored by all and the marriage bed kept undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterers.

1 Corinthians 5:1
It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is intolerable even among pagans: A man has his father’s wife.

Galatians 5:19
The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery;

1 Timothy 1:9-10
We realize that law is not enacted for the righteous, but for the lawless and rebellious, for the ungodly and sinful, for the unholy and profane, for killers of father or mother, for murderers, / for the sexually immoral, for homosexuals, for slave traders and liars and perjurers, and for anyone else who is averse to sound teaching


Treasury of Scripture

If a damsel that is a virgin be betrothed to an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;

Deuteronomy 20:7
And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.

Matthew 1:18,19
Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost…

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Betrothed City Damsel Engaged Happens Husband Lady Lain Married Meet Meeting Meets Pledged Sleeps Virgin Word Young
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Betrothed City Damsel Engaged Happens Husband Lady Lain Married Meet Meeting Meets Pledged Sleeps Virgin Word Young
Deuteronomy 22
1. Of humanity toward brothers
5. The sex is to be distinguished by apparel
6. The bird is not to be taken with her young ones
8. The house must have battlements
9. Confusion is to be avoided
12. Tassels upon the vesture
13. The punishment of him who slanders his wife
22. of adultery
23. of rape
28. of fornication
30. of incest














If there is a virgin
The term "virgin" in Hebrew is "bethulah," which refers to a young woman of marriageable age who is presumed to be chaste. In ancient Israelite society, virginity was highly valued, especially in the context of marriage, as it symbolized purity and the covenantal faithfulness expected in a future marriage. This emphasis on virginity underscores the importance of sexual purity and the sanctity of marriage in the biblical worldview.

pledged in marriage
The phrase "pledged in marriage" refers to the betrothal period, which was a formal and binding agreement between families that preceded the actual marriage ceremony. In Hebrew culture, betrothal was as legally binding as marriage itself, and breaking it required a formal divorce. This highlights the seriousness with which God views commitments and covenants, reflecting His own faithfulness to His promises.

to a man
The mention of "a man" indicates the specific individual to whom the virgin is betrothed. This personalizes the relationship and emphasizes the exclusivity and fidelity expected in the betrothal. It serves as a reminder of the personal nature of God's covenant with His people, where He calls individuals into a committed relationship with Him.

and another man encounters her
The phrase "another man encounters her" introduces the element of an outside party disrupting the betrothal. The Hebrew word for "encounters" can imply a chance meeting or an intentional act. This situation reflects the potential for sin and temptation in human relationships and the need for vigilance and moral integrity.

in the city
The setting "in the city" is significant because it implies a public space where help could be sought if needed. In ancient Israel, cities were places of community and accountability. This context suggests that the actions of individuals are not just personal but have communal implications, reinforcing the idea that sin affects not only the individual but the wider community.

and sleeps with her
The phrase "sleeps with her" is a euphemism for sexual relations. In the context of this verse, it implies a violation of the betrothal covenant. The act is not just a personal sin but a breach of social and divine law. This highlights the gravity of sexual immorality and the need for adherence to God's standards for sexual conduct, which are designed to protect individuals and preserve the sanctity of marriage.

Deuteronomy 22:23-27. PURITY OF THE BETROTHED.

(24) His neighbour's wife.--It is evident from the language of this precept that a betrothed virgin in Israel is regarded as a wife. The man who humbles her "hath humbled his neighbour's wife." This illustrates the language of Matthew 1 Joseph, when Mary was found with child, sought to put her away (as though she were already his wife). The angel said to him, "Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife." He "took unto him his wife." From the construction of this law it follows that Jesus was the son of Joseph, according to the Scripture. The Evangelists do not seem to think it worth while to prove that He was the son of David except through his father (in law).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
If
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

there is
יִהְיֶה֙ (yih·yeh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

a virgin
בְתוּלָ֔ה (ḇə·ṯū·lāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1330: A virgin, sometimes, a bride

pledged in marriage
מְאֹרָשָׂ֖ה (mə·’ō·rā·śāh)
Verb - Pual - Participle - feminine singular
Strong's 781: To engage for, matrimony

to a man,
לְאִ֑ישׁ (lə·’îš)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

and another man
אִ֛ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

encounters her
וּמְצָאָ֥הּ (ū·mə·ṣā·’āh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 4672: To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present

in the city
בָּעִ֖יר (bā·‘îr)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5892: Excitement

and sleeps
וְשָׁכַ֥ב (wə·šā·ḵaḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

with her,
עִמָּֽהּ׃ (‘im·māh)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5973: With, equally with


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 22:23 If there be a young lady who (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 22:22
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