1 Chronicles 1:8
New International Version
The sons of Ham: Cush, Egypt, Put and Canaan.

New Living Translation
The descendants of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

English Standard Version
The sons of Ham: Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

Berean Standard Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

King James Bible
The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

New King James Version
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

New American Standard Bible
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

NASB 1995
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

NASB 1977
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Legacy Standard Bible
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Amplified Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Christian Standard Bible
Ham’s sons: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Ham’s sons: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

American Standard Version
The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Contemporary English Version
Ham was the father of Ethiopia, Egypt, Put, and Canaan, and they were the ancestors of the kingdoms named after them.

English Revised Version
The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Ham's descendants were Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

Good News Translation
The sons of Ham--Cush, Egypt, Libya, and Canaan--were the ancestors of the peoples who bear their names.

International Standard Version
Ham's descendants were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Majority Standard Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

NET Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

New Heart English Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Webster's Bible Translation
The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

World English Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Young's Literal Translation
Sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Smith's Literal Translation
The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The sons of Cham: Chus, and Mesrai, and Phut, and Chaanan.

Catholic Public Domain Version
The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, and Put, and Canaan.

New American Bible
The sons of Ham were Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

New Revised Standard Version
The descendants of Ham: Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the sons of Kham: Cush and Metsraim and Phut and Canaan.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the sons of Cham, Chus, and Mesraim, Phud and Chanaan.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
From Adam to Abraham
7And the sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites. 8The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. 9The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah, and Sabteca. The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.…

Cross References
Genesis 10:6-8
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. / The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan. / Cush was the father of Nimrod, who began to be a mighty one on the earth.

Genesis 10:13-14
Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, the Anamites, the Lehabites, the Naphtuhites, / the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites.

Genesis 10:15-18
And Canaan was the father of Sidon his firstborn, and of the Hittites, / the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, / the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites, ...

Genesis 10:19-20
and the borders of Canaan extended from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and then toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha. / These are the sons of Ham according to their clans, languages, lands, and nations.

Genesis 10:21-23
And sons were also born to Shem, the older brother of Japheth; Shem was the forefather of all the sons of Eber. / The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. / The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

Genesis 10:24-30
Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber. / Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg, because in his days the earth was divided, and his brother was named Joktan. / And Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, ...

Genesis 10:31-32
These are the sons of Shem, according to their clans, languages, lands, and nations. / All these are the clans of Noah’s sons, according to their generations and nations. From these the nations of the earth spread out after the flood.

Genesis 11:10-26
This is the account of Shem. Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100 years old, he became the father of Arphaxad. / And after he had become the father of Arphaxad, Shem lived 500 years and had other sons and daughters. / When Arphaxad was 35 years old, he became the father of Shelah. ...

Genesis 11:27-32
This is the account of Terah. Terah became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran. And Haran became the father of Lot. / During his father Terah’s lifetime, Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans. / And Abram and Nahor took wives for themselves. Abram’s wife was named Sarai, and Nahor’s wife was named Milcah; she was the daughter of Haran, who was the father of both Milcah and Iscah. ...

Exodus 1:1-5
These are the names of the sons of Israel who went to Egypt with Jacob, each with his family: / Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah; / Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin; ...

Numbers 26:5-51
Reuben was the firstborn of Israel. These were the descendants of Reuben: The Hanochite clan from Hanoch, the Palluite clan from Pallu, / the Hezronite clan from Hezron, and the Carmite clan from Carmi. / These were the clans of Reuben, and their registration numbered 43,730. ...

Deuteronomy 32:8
When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance, when He divided the sons of man, He set the boundaries of the peoples according to the number of the sons of God.

Acts 17:26
From one man He made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and He determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their lands.

Romans 5:12-14
Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, so also death was passed on to all men, because all sinned. / For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law. / Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who did not sin in the way that Adam transgressed. He is a pattern of the One to come.

Romans 15:4
For everything that was written in the past was written for our instruction, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures, we might have hope.


Treasury of Scripture

The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.

sons.

Genesis 10:6,7
And the sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan…

Put.

Genesis 10:6
And the sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan.

Phut.

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Canaan Cush Egypt Ham Mizraim Phut
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Canaan Cush Egypt Ham Mizraim Phut
1 Chronicles 1
1. Adam's line to Noah.
5. The sons of Japheth.
8. The sons of Ham.
17. The sons of Shem.
24. Shem's line to Abraham.
29. Ishmael's sons.
32. The sons of Keturah.
34. The posterity of Abraham by Esau.
38. The sons of Seir.
43. The kings of Edom.
51. The dukes of Edom.














The sons of Ham
This phrase introduces the genealogy of Ham, one of Noah's three sons. In the Hebrew context, "sons" (בָּנִים, banim) often refers to descendants, not just immediate offspring. Ham's lineage is significant in biblical history as it represents the nations that would become prominent in the ancient Near East. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to connect Israel's history with the broader human story, emphasizing God's sovereignty over all nations.

Cush
Cush is traditionally associated with the region south of Egypt, often identified with modern-day Sudan or Ethiopia. The Hebrew name "Cush" (כּוּשׁ, Kush) is linked to a people known for their dark skin, as referenced in other biblical texts (e.g., Jeremiah 13:23). Historically, the Cushites were known for their powerful kingdom and interactions with Egypt. This highlights the diversity of nations descending from Noah and God's plan encompassing all ethnicities.

Mizraim
Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt (מִצְרַיִם, Mitzrayim). The dual form of the word suggests the "two lands" of Upper and Lower Egypt, reflecting the ancient kingdom's geographical and political divisions. Egypt's prominence in biblical narratives underscores its role as both a place of refuge and oppression for the Israelites, illustrating the complex relationship between God's people and the surrounding nations.

Put
Put (פּוּט, Put) is less clearly identified but is often associated with regions in North Africa, possibly Libya. The mention of Put in the genealogies indicates the spread of Ham's descendants across a wide geographical area. This reflects the biblical theme of dispersion and the fulfillment of God's command to "fill the earth" (Genesis 9:1).

Canaan
Canaan (כְּנַעַן, Kena'an) is perhaps the most significant of Ham's sons in the biblical narrative, as his descendants occupied the land promised to Abraham and his offspring. The Canaanites' presence in the Promised Land sets the stage for the Israelites' conquest and settlement, symbolizing the fulfillment of God's promises and the ongoing struggle between faithfulness and idolatry. Canaan's inclusion in this genealogy serves as a reminder of God's redemptive plan through Israel, despite human sinfulness.

THE SONS OF HAM, THE DARK-SKINNED OR SWARTHY (1Chronicles 1:8-16).

(8) Cush.--The Greek Meroe, Assyrian Miluhha, or K-su, south of Egypt, in our Bibles often called Ethiopia (Isaiah 19:1). The Arabic gives Habesh, i.e., Ethiopia.

Mizraim.--The common Hebrew name of Egypt: strictly, "the two Micrs"--i.e., Upper and Lower Egypt. But the name should rather be spelt Mizrim--the Egyptians; the form Mizraim being probably a mere fancy of the Jewish punctuators. The Assyrians wrote Mucum, Mucru, Mucur. The Inscription of Darius has Micir. Macor was the name of the wall which protected Egypt on the north-east. Hence it gave its name to the whole of Lower Egypt.--Cush and Mucur are coupled together in the inscriptions of Esarhaddon and his son Assurbanipal.

Put.--Perhaps the Egyptian Punt, on the east coast of Africa. King Darius mentioned P-ta and K-su as subject to him (Behist, Inscr.). Comp. Nahum 3:9; Jeremiah 46:9; Ezekiel 30:5. The Arabic has Kibtu, i.e., Coptland. . . .

Verses 8-16. - C. LIST OF THE SONS, GRANDSONS, AND GREAT-GRANDSONS OF HAM. This list consists of four sons of Ham, of six grandsons, including Nimrod, through Cush, the eldest son of Ham; of seven grandsons through Mizraim, the second son of Ham; of eleven grandsons through Canaan, the fourth son of Ham; of two great-grandsons through Raamah, Cush's fourth son; - thirty descendants in all. No issue is given of Put, the third son of Hem. The parallel list is found in Genesis 10:6-20. The names agree in the Authorized Version, with minute differences, e.g. Put here for Phut there, and so the Philistines for Philistine, Caphthorim for Caphtorim, Girgashite for Girgasite. They are similarly in agreement in the Hebrew text of the two places, with minute differences, e.g. וְסַבְתָּא here for וְסַבְתָּה there; וְרַעְמָא for וְרַעְמָה for לוּדיִים וְרַעְמָה for צִידון לוּדיִים for הַעַרְקִי צִידֹן. However, in Genesis the following statements are added to Nimrod's name: - "He was a mighty hunter before the Lord: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty. hunter before the Lord. And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah, and Resen between Nineveh and Calah; the same is a great city." And again, at the close of the enumeration of sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons, follow the statements, "And afterwards were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad. And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as thou comsat to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha. These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The sons
בְּנֵ֖י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ham:
חָ֑ם (ḥām)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2526: Ham -- a son of Noah, also his descendants, also a name for Egyptians

Cush,
כּ֥וּשׁ (kūš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3568: A son of Ham, also his descendants, also a land in the southern Nile Valley

Mizraim,
וּמִצְרַ֖יִם (ū·miṣ·ra·yim)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4714: Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa

Put,
פּ֥וּט (pūṭ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6316: Put -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land

and Canaan.
וּכְנָֽעַן׃ (ū·ḵə·nā·‘an)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3667: Canaan -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land West of the Jordan


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 1:8 The sons of Ham: Cush and Mizraim (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
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