1 Chronicles 1:31
New International Version
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Living Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

English Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Berean Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

King James Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

New King James Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New American Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

NASB 1995
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

NASB 1977
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

Legacy Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

Amplified Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Christian Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were Ishmael’s sons.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were Ishmael’s sons.

American Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

English Revised Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

Good News Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.

International Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah—these are the Ishmaelites.

Majority Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

NET Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Heart English Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Webster's Bible Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

World English Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedema. These are sons of Ishmael.

Young's Literal Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedema. These are sons of Ishmael.

Smith's Literal Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These the sons of Ishmael.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Jetur, Naphis, Cedma: these are the sons of Ismahel.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Jetur, Naphish, Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

New American Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Revised Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Nator. Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Natur and Naphesh and Aqdama; these are the sons of Ishmaeyl.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedem. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Jettur, Naphes, Kedma: these are the sons of Ismael.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Descendants of Abraham
30Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 31Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael. 32The sons born to Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.…

Cross References
Genesis 25:13-16
These are the names of the sons of Ishmael in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, / Mishma, Dumah, Massa, / Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. ...

Genesis 36:1-43
This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom). / Esau took his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah daughter of Elon the Hittite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite, / and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth. ...

Genesis 10:6-7
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. / The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.

Genesis 21:13
But I will also make a nation of the slave woman’s son, because he is your offspring.”

Genesis 25:1-4
Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah, / and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. / Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites. ...

Genesis 17:20
As for Ishmael, I have heard you, and I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and multiply him greatly. He will become the father of twelve rulers, and I will make him into a great nation.

Genesis 28:9
Esau went to Ishmael and married Mahalath, the sister of Nebaioth and daughter of Abraham’s son Ishmael, in addition to the wives he already had.

Genesis 36:12
Additionally, Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, gave birth to Amalek. These are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Adah.

Genesis 36:40-43
These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, / Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, / Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, ...

Exodus 15:15
Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,

Numbers 24:18
Edom will become a possession, as will Seir, his enemy; but Israel will perform with valor.

Deuteronomy 2:4-5
and command the people: ‘You will pass through the territory of your brothers, the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. They will be afraid of you, so you must be very careful. / Do not provoke them, for I will not give you any of their land, not even a footprint, because I have given Mount Seir to Esau as his possession.

Deuteronomy 23:7
Do not despise an Edomite, for he is your brother. Do not despise an Egyptian, because you lived as a foreigner in his land.

Isaiah 21:13-17
This is the burden against Arabia: In the thickets of Arabia you must lodge, O caravans of Dedanites. / Bring water for the thirsty, O dwellers of Tema; meet the refugees with food. / For they flee from the sword—the sword that is drawn—from the bow that is bent, and from the stress of battle. ...

Jeremiah 49:7-22
Concerning Edom, this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel perished from the prudent? Has their wisdom decayed? / Turn and run! Lie low, O dwellers of Dedan, for I will bring disaster on Esau at the time I punish him. / If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings? Were thieves to come in the night, would they not steal only what they wanted? ...


Treasury of Scripture

Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Jetur.

Genesis 25:15
Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah:

Jump to Previous
Ishmael Ish'mael Jetur Kedem Kedemah Ked'emah Kedmah Naphish
Jump to Next
Ishmael Ish'mael Jetur Kedem Kedemah Ked'emah Kedmah Naphish
1 Chronicles 1
1. Adam's line to Noah.
5. The sons of Japheth.
8. The sons of Ham.
17. The sons of Shem.
24. Shem's line to Abraham.
29. Ishmael's sons.
32. The sons of Keturah.
34. The posterity of Abraham by Esau.
38. The sons of Seir.
43. The kings of Edom.
51. The dukes of Edom.














Jetur
The name "Jetur" is derived from the Hebrew root "yatar," which means "to encircle" or "to protect." Historically, Jetur is associated with a nomadic tribe that settled in the region of Gilead, east of the Jordan River. This tribe is mentioned in Genesis 25:15 as one of the descendants of Ishmael, the son of Abraham and Hagar. The mention of Jetur in 1 Chronicles underscores the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that Ishmael would become the father of twelve princes and a great nation (Genesis 17:20). The tribe of Jetur is also noted in extra-biblical sources, such as Assyrian inscriptions, which provide archaeological evidence of their existence and interactions with neighboring peoples.

Naphish
The name "Naphish" comes from the Hebrew root "naphash," meaning "to breathe" or "to revive." This name may symbolize vitality or renewal, reflecting the life and vigor of the nomadic tribes descended from Ishmael. Naphish, like Jetur, is listed among the sons of Ishmael in Genesis 25:15. The tribe associated with Naphish is believed to have inhabited areas in the Arabian Peninsula, contributing to the spread of Ishmael's descendants across a vast region. The inclusion of Naphish in the genealogical record of 1 Chronicles highlights the historical and spiritual significance of Ishmael's lineage, as it connects to the broader narrative of God's covenantal promises.

Kedemah
The name "Kedemah" is derived from the Hebrew root "qedem," meaning "east" or "ancient." This name may indicate the geographical orientation of the tribe or their ancient heritage. Kedemah is the last of the twelve sons of Ishmael mentioned in Genesis 25:15, completing the list of Ishmael's descendants. The reference to Kedemah in 1 Chronicles serves as a reminder of the ancient roots and enduring legacy of Ishmael's line. The name also evokes the idea of looking back to the origins and the foundational promises made by God to Abraham, which continue to unfold throughout the biblical narrative.

These were the sons of Ishmael
This phrase encapsulates the fulfillment of God's promise to Hagar in Genesis 16:10, where He assured her that her offspring would be too numerous to count. Ishmael, as the firstborn son of Abraham, holds a significant place in biblical history, representing God's faithfulness to His word. The listing of Ishmael's sons in 1 Chronicles 1:31 serves as a testament to the divine blessing and multiplication of Ishmael's descendants, who became prominent tribes in the ancient Near East. This genealogical record not only affirms the historical reality of Ishmael's lineage but also underscores the broader theme of God's providence and the unfolding of His redemptive plan through diverse peoples and nations.

(31) Jetur.--The Itureans beyond Jordan (Luke 3:1). The other names are obscure.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Jetur,
יְט֥וּר (yə·ṭūr)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3195: Jetur -- a son of Ishmael, also his descendants and the region where they lived

Naphish,
נָפִ֖ישׁ (nā·p̄îš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5305: Naphish -- a son of Ishmael

and Kedemah.
וָקֵ֑דְמָה (wā·qê·ḏə·māh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6929: Kedemah -- a son of Ishmael

These
אֵ֥לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

were
הֵ֖ם (hêm)
Pronoun - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1992: They

the sons
בְּנֵ֥י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ishmael.
יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל׃ (yiš·mā·‘êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3458: Ishmael -- 'God hears', the name of several Israelites


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 1:31 Jetur Naphish and Kedemah (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 1:30
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