1 Chronicles 1:31
New International Version
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Living Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

English Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Berean Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

King James Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

New King James Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New American Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

NASB 1995
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

NASB 1977
Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

Legacy Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah; these were the sons of Ishmael.

Amplified Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Christian Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were Ishmael’s sons.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were Ishmael’s sons.

American Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

English Revised Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

Good News Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.

International Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah—these are the Ishmaelites.

Majority Standard Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

NET Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Heart English Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Webster's Bible Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

World English Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedema. These are sons of Ishmael.

Young's Literal Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedema. These are sons of Ishmael.

Smith's Literal Translation
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These the sons of Ishmael.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Jetur, Naphis, Cedma: these are the sons of Ismahel.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Jetur, Naphish, Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

New American Bible
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

New Revised Standard Version
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Nator. Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Natur and Naphesh and Aqdama; these are the sons of Ishmaeyl.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Jetur, Naphish, and Kedem. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Jettur, Naphes, Kedma: these are the sons of Ismael.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Descendants of Abraham
30Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 31Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael. 32The sons born to Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.…

Cross References
Genesis 25:13-16
These are the names of the sons of Ishmael in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, / Mishma, Dumah, Massa, / Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. ...

Genesis 36:1-43
This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom). / Esau took his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah daughter of Elon the Hittite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite, / and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth. ...

Genesis 10:6-7
The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. / The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.

Genesis 21:13
But I will also make a nation of the slave woman’s son, because he is your offspring.”

Genesis 25:1-4
Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah, / and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. / Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites. ...

Genesis 17:20
As for Ishmael, I have heard you, and I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and multiply him greatly. He will become the father of twelve rulers, and I will make him into a great nation.

Genesis 28:9
Esau went to Ishmael and married Mahalath, the sister of Nebaioth and daughter of Abraham’s son Ishmael, in addition to the wives he already had.

Genesis 36:12
Additionally, Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, gave birth to Amalek. These are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Adah.

Genesis 36:40-43
These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, / Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, / Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, ...

Exodus 15:15
Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,

Numbers 24:18
Edom will become a possession, as will Seir, his enemy; but Israel will perform with valor.

Deuteronomy 2:4-5
and command the people: ‘You will pass through the territory of your brothers, the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. They will be afraid of you, so you must be very careful. / Do not provoke them, for I will not give you any of their land, not even a footprint, because I have given Mount Seir to Esau as his possession.

Deuteronomy 23:7
Do not despise an Edomite, for he is your brother. Do not despise an Egyptian, because you lived as a foreigner in his land.

Isaiah 21:13-17
This is the burden against Arabia: In the thickets of Arabia you must lodge, O caravans of Dedanites. / Bring water for the thirsty, O dwellers of Tema; meet the refugees with food. / For they flee from the sword—the sword that is drawn—from the bow that is bent, and from the stress of battle. ...

Jeremiah 49:7-22
Concerning Edom, this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel perished from the prudent? Has their wisdom decayed? / Turn and run! Lie low, O dwellers of Dedan, for I will bring disaster on Esau at the time I punish him. / If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings? Were thieves to come in the night, would they not steal only what they wanted? ...


Treasury of Scripture

Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.

Jetur.

Genesis 25:15
Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah:

Jump to Previous
Ishmael Ish'mael Jetur Kedem Kedemah Ked'emah Kedmah Naphish
Jump to Next
Ishmael Ish'mael Jetur Kedem Kedemah Ked'emah Kedmah Naphish
1 Chronicles 1
1. Adam's line to Noah.
5. The sons of Japheth.
8. The sons of Ham.
17. The sons of Shem.
24. Shem's line to Abraham.
29. Ishmael's sons.
32. The sons of Keturah.
34. The posterity of Abraham by Esau.
38. The sons of Seir.
43. The kings of Edom.
51. The dukes of Edom.














Jetur
Jetur is one of the sons of Ishmael, the son of Abraham and Hagar. The name Jetur is associated with the Itureans, a nomadic tribe that settled in the region of Iturea, located in the northern part of modern-day Israel and southern Lebanon. This area is mentioned in the New Testament (Luke 3:1) as part of the tetrarchy of Philip. The Itureans were known for their skills in archery and were often involved in conflicts with neighboring tribes. The mention of Jetur highlights the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that Ishmael would become the father of twelve princes and a great nation (Genesis 17:20).

Naphish
Naphish is another son of Ishmael, and his descendants are believed to have settled in the region east of the Jordan River. The tribe of Naphish is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 5:19, where they are involved in conflicts with the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. This indicates that the descendants of Naphish were part of the larger network of nomadic tribes in the Transjordan area. The inclusion of Naphish in the genealogical record underscores the historical reality of Ishmael's descendants spreading and establishing themselves in various regions, fulfilling the prophecy given to Hagar in Genesis 16:10.

Kedemah
Kedemah, the last of the sons of Ishmael listed here, is less prominently mentioned in biblical records. The name Kedemah is derived from a root meaning "east," suggesting that his descendants may have settled in the eastern regions relative to Canaan. This aligns with the general movement of Ishmael's descendants toward the Arabian Peninsula. The mention of Kedemah serves to complete the list of Ishmael's sons, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of the genealogical record and the fulfillment of God's promise to make Ishmael a great nation.

These were the sons of Ishmael
This phrase confirms the fulfillment of God's promise to Hagar and Abraham regarding Ishmael's progeny. Ishmael, though not the child of promise like Isaac, was still blessed by God to become a great nation. The listing of his sons in 1 Chronicles 1:31 is a testament to God's faithfulness in keeping His word. The genealogical record serves as a historical account of the origins of various Arab tribes, many of which played significant roles in the history of the Near East. This lineage also highlights the broader narrative of God's plan for all nations, as Ishmael's descendants are part of the larger story of redemption that culminates in Jesus Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jetur
One of the sons of Ishmael, Jetur is mentioned as a tribal leader. His descendants are believed to have settled in the region that later became known as Iturea, located in the northern part of modern-day Israel and southern Lebanon.

2. Naphish
Another son of Ishmael, Naphish's descendants are thought to have been part of the nomadic tribes that roamed the Arabian desert. They are mentioned in the context of the genealogies that trace the lineage of Ishmael.

3. Kedemah
The last son of Ishmael listed in this verse, Kedemah's name is associated with the east, as "Kedem" in Hebrew means "east." His descendants likely lived in the eastern regions of the Arabian Peninsula.

4. Ishmael
The father of Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah, Ishmael is a significant biblical figure as the first son of Abraham through Hagar. His descendants are traditionally considered to be the ancestors of various Arab tribes.

5. Genealogies of 1 Chronicles
This section of 1 Chronicles provides a genealogical record that connects the tribes of Israel and their neighbors, emphasizing the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham regarding his descendants.
Teaching Points
God's Faithfulness to His Promises
The genealogies remind us of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Abraham, including those concerning Ishmael. This encourages believers to trust in God's promises in their own lives.

The Importance of Genealogies
While often overlooked, genealogies in the Bible serve to connect historical events and people, showing the continuity of God's plan throughout generations.

Unity in Diversity
The mention of Ishmael's descendants alongside those of Israel highlights the diverse ways God works through different peoples and cultures, pointing to the ultimate unity found in Christ.

Legacy and Influence
The lives and legacies of Ishmael's sons remind us of the impact our lives can have on future generations, encouraging us to live faithfully and intentionally.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
The inclusion of Ishmael's descendants in the biblical account underscores God's sovereignty over all nations and His desire for all to come to know Him.(31) Jetur.--The Itureans beyond Jordan (Luke 3:1). The other names are obscure.



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Jetur,
יְט֥וּר (yə·ṭūr)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3195: Jetur -- a son of Ishmael, also his descendants and the region where they lived

Naphish,
נָפִ֖ישׁ (nā·p̄îš)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5305: Naphish -- a son of Ishmael

and Kedemah.
וָקֵ֑דְמָה (wā·qê·ḏə·māh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6929: Kedemah -- a son of Ishmael

These
אֵ֥לֶּה (’êl·leh)
Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

were
הֵ֖ם (hêm)
Pronoun - third person masculine plural
Strong's 1992: They

the sons
בְּנֵ֥י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Ishmael.
יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל׃ (yiš·mā·‘êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3458: Ishmael -- 'God hears', the name of several Israelites


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 1:31 Jetur Naphish and Kedemah (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 1:30
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