In the ancient world, copper and its alloy, brass, were commonly used materials for crafting various items, including mirrors. The use of these metals for mirrors is noted in the biblical context, reflecting both the technological capabilities and the cultural practices of the time.

Biblical References:

The Bible provides insight into the use of polished metal surfaces as mirrors. In Exodus 38:8 (BSB), it is recorded: "Next, he made the bronze basin and its stand from the mirrors of the women who served at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting." This passage highlights the use of bronze, an alloy of copper, in the construction of the basin for the Tabernacle, indicating that mirrors were made from this material. The women who served at the entrance contributed their mirrors, which were likely polished to a high sheen to provide reflective surfaces.

Cultural and Historical Context:

In ancient times, mirrors were not made of glass as they are today but were typically crafted from polished metals such as copper or bronze. These metals were chosen for their ability to be polished to a reflective finish, although the reflection would have been less clear than that of modern glass mirrors. The use of metal mirrors is indicative of the metallurgical skills present in ancient societies, including those of the Israelites.

The mention of mirrors in the context of the Tabernacle suggests their value and the willingness of the women to donate such personal items for a sacred purpose. This act of devotion underscores the communal effort in the construction of the Tabernacle and the importance of contributing valuable possessions for religious service.

Symbolic Significance:

Mirrors in the biblical narrative can also carry symbolic meaning. They are often associated with self-examination and reflection, both literally and metaphorically. The use of mirrors in the Tabernacle's construction may symbolize the need for purity and introspection in approaching God. The reflective quality of the mirrors could serve as a reminder of the need for inner cleanliness and the pursuit of holiness.

Technological Aspects:

The process of creating a mirror from copper or brass involved significant skill. The metal would be cast into a flat shape and then polished to achieve a reflective surface. This required knowledge of metallurgy and access to resources, indicating a level of sophistication in ancient craftsmanship.

In summary, the use of copper and brass for making mirrors in biblical times reflects both the practical and symbolic roles these items played in ancient Israelite society. The biblical account of the mirrors used in the Tabernacle construction provides a glimpse into the cultural and religious practices of the time, highlighting the intersection of daily life and spiritual devotion.Exodus 38:8
And he made the laver of brass, and the foot of it of brass, of the mirrors of the women assembling, which assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

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Brass: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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