Definition and Significance:
In biblical theology, a covenant is a solemn agreement or promise between God and humans, often involving commitments and obligations. Covenants are central to the narrative of the Bible, serving as foundational elements in God's relationship with humanity. They reveal God's character, His promises, and His expectations for His people.

Major Biblical Covenants:

1. The Noahic Covenant:
After the flood, God established a covenant with Noah, promising never to destroy the earth with a flood again. The sign of this covenant is the rainbow. Genesis 9:11-13 states, "I establish My covenant with you: Never again will all life be cut off by the waters of a flood; never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth. And God said, 'This is the sign of the covenant I am making between Me and you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all generations to come: I have set My rainbow in the clouds, and it will be a sign of the covenant between Me and the earth.'"

2. The Abrahamic Covenant:
God's covenant with Abraham includes promises of land, descendants, and blessing. This covenant is foundational for the nation of Israel and is marked by the rite of circumcision. Genesis 17:7 declares, "I will establish My covenant as an everlasting covenant between Me and you and your descendants after you, to be your God and the God of your descendants after you."

3. The Mosaic Covenant:
Given at Mount Sinai, this covenant established the Law, including the Ten Commandments, as a guide for Israel's conduct. It is a conditional covenant, with blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience. Exodus 19:5-6 states, "Now if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, you will be My treasured possession out of all the nations—for the whole earth is Mine. And unto Me you shall be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation."

4. The Davidic Covenant:
God's promise to David ensured that his lineage would endure forever, culminating in the Messiah. This covenant is unconditional and highlights God's sovereign plan. 2 Samuel 7:16 affirms, "Your house and kingdom will endure forever before Me, and your throne will be established forever."

5. The New Covenant:
Prophesied in the Old Testament and fulfilled in Jesus Christ, the New Covenant offers forgiveness of sins and a transformed heart through the Holy Spirit. It is established through the death and resurrection of Jesus. Jeremiah 31:31-33 foretells, "The days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Egypt, a covenant they broke, though I was a husband to them, declares the LORD. But this is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the LORD. I will put My law in their minds and inscribe it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they will be My people."

Theological Implications:
Covenants in the Bible underscore God's faithfulness and His desire for a relationship with humanity. They demonstrate His grace and mercy, as well as His justice and holiness. Each covenant builds upon the previous ones, culminating in the New Covenant, which fulfills God's redemptive plan through Jesus Christ. The study of covenants is essential for understanding the overarching narrative of Scripture and God's unchanging purpose for His creation.Psalm 105:8-11
He has remembered his covenant for ever, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations.
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Hebrews 13:20
Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
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Malachi 2:4
And you shall know that I have sent this commandment to you, that my covenant might be with Levi, said the LORD of hosts.
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Malachi 2:5
My covenant was with him of life and peace; and I gave them to him for the fear with which he feared me, and was afraid before my name.
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Ezekiel 17:18
Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, see, he had given his hand, and has done all these things, he shall not escape.
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1 Samuel 18:3
Then Jonathan and David made a covenant, because he loved him as his own soul.
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Nehemiah 9:38
And because of all this we make a sure covenant, and write it; and our princes, Levites, and priests, seal to it.
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Hebrews 8:9
Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, said the Lord.
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Hebrews 6:17
Wherein God, willing more abundantly to show to the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath:
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Hebrews 6:13
For when God made promise to Abraham, because he could swear by no greater, he swore by himself,
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1242. diatheke -- testament, will, covenant
... Word Origin from diatithemi Definition testament, will, covenant NASB Word
Usage covenant (30), covenants (3). covenant, testament. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1242.htm - 7k

786. aspondos -- without libation, ie without truce, hence ...
... 786 (an adjective which is the negation of , "a libation-sacrifice" used for making
treaties and covenants) -- properly, () someone; implacable. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/786.htm - 7k

1285. berith -- a covenant
... Word Origin from an unused word Definition a covenant NASB Word Usage allied (1),
allies* (1), covenant (275), covenants (1), El-berith* (1), league (2 ...
/hebrew/1285.htm - 6k

The Two Covenants
The Two Covenants. <. The Two Covenants Andrew Murray. Table of Contents.
Title Page. INTRODUCTION. Chapter I. A Covenant God. Chapter II. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/murray/the two covenants/

Perpetual Covenants
... XII Perpetual Covenants. 'Come, and ... back'. There are some, thank God, who
equally stand to their covenants with Him; but, alas! that ...
/.../howard/standards of life and service/xii perpetual covenants.htm

Harmony of the Old and New Covenants.
... Book XIV. 4. Harmony of the Old and New Covenants. And likewise it is a
pleasant thing to endeavour to understand and exhibit the ...
/.../origen/origens commentary on the gospel of matthew/4 harmony of the old.htm

The Two Covenants: the Transition
The Two Covenants. <. ... Chapter VIII. The Two Covenants: the Transition.
"Now the God of peace, who brought again from the ...
/.../murray/the two covenants/chapter viii the two covenants .htm

The Two Covenants: their Relation
The Two Covenants. <. ... Chapter II. The Two Covenants: Their Relation.
"It is written, that Abraham had two sons, one by ...
/.../murray/the two covenants/chapter ii the two covenants .htm

The Scotch Covenants and the Scotch Kirk.
... 90. The Scotch Covenants and the Scotch Kirk. Literature. The Covenants are
added to some Scotch editions of the Westminster Standards. ...
/.../ 90 the scotch covenants.htm

Why one of the Covenants is Called Old, the Other New.
... Book III. Chapter 13."Why One of the Covenants is Called Old, the Other
New. But some one will say, "In what way is that called ...
/.../augustine/anti-pelagian writings/chapter 13 why one of the.htm

The Two Covenants --In Christian Experience
The Two Covenants. <. ... Chapter V. The Two Covenants"in Christian
Experience. "These women are two covenants: one from ...
/.../murray/the two covenants/chapter v the two covenantsin.htm

Both Covenants were Prefigured in Abraham, and in the Labour of ...
... Against Heresies: Book IV Chapter XXV."Both covenants were prefigured in Abraham,
and in the labour of Tamar; there was, however, but one and the same God to ...
/.../irenaeus/against heresies/chapter xxv both covenants were prefigured.htm

Sacred Institutions of Worship and Seven Great Covenants.
... Chapter IV. Sacred Institutions of Worship and Seven Great Covenants. Chapter
IV. Sacred Institutions of Worship and Seven Great Covenants. ...
/.../chapter iv sacred institutions of.htm

Covenants (5 Occurrences)
... Multi-Version Concordance Covenants (5 Occurrences). ... Galatians 4:24 These
things contain an allegory, for these are two covenants. ...
/c/covenants.htm - 8k

Promises (35 Occurrences)
... Romans 9:4 who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covenants,
the giving of the law, the service, and the promises; (WEB KJV WEY ASV DBY WBS ...
/p/promises.htm - 16k

Philosophy (1 Occurrence)
... In a more general way, the whole of history is set forth as a series of covenants
that God, of His free grace, made with man (see COVENANT). ...
/p/philosophy.htm - 27k

Altar (343 Occurrences)
... This heap is not expressly termed an altar, but if this covenant be compared with
later covenants it will be seen that in these its place is taken by an altar ...
/a/altar.htm - 78k

Violation (6 Occurrences)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (n.) Infringement; transgression; nonobservance;
as, a violation of law, of covenants, promises, etc. ...
/v/violation.htm - 8k

Undertaker (1 Occurrence)
... 1. (n.) One who undertakes; one who engages in any project or business. 2. (n.)
One who stipulates or covenants to perform any work for another; a contractor. ...
/u/undertaker.htm - 7k

Origin (25 Occurrences)
... To Him be the glory throughout the Ages! Amen. (WEY). Galatians 4:24 All
this is allegorical; for the women represent two Covenants. ...
/o/origin.htm - 13k

Law-giving (1 Occurrence)
... Romans 9:4 who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants,
and the law-giving, and the service, and the promises; (DBY). ...
/l/law-giving.htm - 6k

Lawsuits (4 Occurrences)
... Hosea 10:4 They make promises, swearing falsely in making covenants. Therefore judgment
springs up like poisonous weeds in the furrows of the field. (See NIV). ...
/l/lawsuits.htm - 7k

Lawgiving (1 Occurrence)
... Romans 9:4 who are Israelites, whose 'is' the adoption, and the glory, and the
covenants, and the lawgiving, and the service, and the promises, (YLT). ...
/l/lawgiving.htm - 6k

What are the covenants in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

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