Nehemiah 2:19

But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this, they mocked us and ridiculed us, saying, "What is this you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?"

Study Bible

But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this
Sanballat, Tobiah, and Geshem were regional leaders who opposed Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild Jerusalem's walls. Sanballat was a Horonite, likely from Beth-Horon, a town in Samaria, indicating his Samaritan ties. Tobiah, an Ammonite, was connected to the ancient enemies of Israel, the Ammonites, who lived east of the Jordan River. Geshem the Arab represents the nomadic tribes from the Arabian Peninsula. Their opposition highlights the political and ethnic tensions surrounding Jerusalem's restoration. This opposition is reminiscent of the adversaries faced by the Israelites throughout their history, such as during the time of Ezra (Ezra 4:1-5).

they mocked us and ridiculed us
Mockery and ridicule were common tactics used by opponents to demoralize and intimidate. This reflects a broader biblical theme where God's people often face scorn from those who oppose His plans (Psalm 22:7, Matthew 27:29). The ridicule here serves to test the resolve and faith of Nehemiah and the Israelites, similar to how Jesus faced mockery during His ministry and crucifixion.

saying, “What is this you are doing?
The question implies disbelief and scorn, challenging the legitimacy and feasibility of Nehemiah's mission. It echoes the skepticism often faced by those undertaking God's work, as seen in the skepticism faced by Moses (Exodus 5:2) and the early church (Acts 17:32).

Are you rebelling against the king?”
This accusation of rebellion is serious, as it suggests treason against the Persian king, Artaxerxes, who had authority over the region. Historically, such accusations could lead to severe consequences, including military intervention. The charge of rebellion is a recurring theme in the Bible, where God's people are often accused of defying earthly authorities when following divine directives (Daniel 6:13, Acts 5:29). This foreshadows the ultimate allegiance to God's kingdom over earthly powers, as exemplified by Jesus Christ, who was also accused of claiming kingship (John 19:12).

Persons / Places / Events

1. Sanballat the Horonite
A prominent opponent of Nehemiah, likely a governor of Samaria. His title "Horonite" suggests he was from Horonaim, a city in Moab.

2. Tobiah the Ammonite official
An Ammonite leader who opposed Nehemiah's efforts. His position as an official indicates he held some authority, possibly as a governor or a high-ranking advisor.

3. Geshem the Arab
Another adversary of Nehemiah, likely a leader of a confederation of Arab tribes. His involvement indicates a broader coalition against Nehemiah's work.

4. Mocking and Despising
The reaction of these leaders to Nehemiah's plans to rebuild Jerusalem's walls. Their mockery was intended to discourage and intimidate the Jewish people.

5. Accusation of Rebellion
The claim that Nehemiah's actions were rebellious against the Persian king, an attempt to undermine his authority and create political trouble.

Teaching Points

Expect Opposition
When undertaking God's work, expect resistance. Nehemiah's experience teaches us that opposition is a common response to God's plans.

Discernment in Leadership
Nehemiah's response to his adversaries shows the importance of discernment and wisdom in leadership. He did not let their mockery deter him.

Faithfulness Overcomes Fear
Despite the threats, Nehemiah remained faithful to his mission. This teaches us to trust in God's provision and protection.

Community and Unity
The opposition faced by Nehemiah highlights the need for unity among God's people. Working together strengthens resolve against external threats.

Prayer and Preparation
Nehemiah's account emphasizes the importance of prayer and preparation in the face of opposition. He was ready to respond because he had sought God's guidance.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the opposition faced by Nehemiah reflect the challenges we encounter when pursuing God's work today?

2. In what ways can we prepare ourselves spiritually and practically to face opposition in our own lives?

3. How does Nehemiah's response to his adversaries inspire us to handle criticism and mockery?

4. What role does community play in overcoming challenges and opposition, as seen in Nehemiah's account?

5. How can we apply the lessons from Nehemiah 2:19 to situations where we feel discouraged or intimidated in our faith journey?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 4
Similar opposition faced by the Jews during the rebuilding of the temple, highlighting a recurring theme of external resistance to God's work.

Psalm 2
The futility of nations and leaders who plot against God's anointed, reflecting the ultimate sovereignty of God over human affairs.

Acts 4
The early church faced similar opposition and threats, yet they prayed for boldness and continued their mission, showing the continuity of God's people facing opposition.