Genesis 39:4

Joseph found favor in his sight and became his personal attendant. Potiphar put him in charge of his household and entrusted him with everything he owned.

Study Bible

Joseph found favor in his sight
The phrase "found favor" is derived from the Hebrew word "chen," which signifies grace or favor. In the biblical context, finding favor often implies divine intervention or blessing. Joseph's ability to find favor in Potiphar's sight is a testament to God's providence and the righteous character of Joseph. This favor is not merely human approval but is indicative of God's hand upon Joseph's life, guiding and protecting him even in a foreign land. Historically, favor in the eyes of a superior was crucial for advancement, especially for a foreigner like Joseph in Egypt.

and became his personal attendant
The term "personal attendant" translates from the Hebrew "sharath," meaning to minister or serve. This role was significant, as it placed Joseph in a position of trust and responsibility. In ancient Egyptian society, a personal attendant would have been close to the master, involved in daily affairs, and privy to confidential matters. Joseph's rise to this position underscores his integrity and capability, qualities that were recognized by Potiphar. This role also foreshadows Joseph's future leadership, as God was preparing him for greater responsibilities.

Potiphar put him in charge of his household
"Put him in charge" indicates a delegation of authority. The Hebrew word "paqad" suggests oversight or supervision. Potiphar's decision to entrust Joseph with his household reflects a deep level of trust and confidence in Joseph's abilities. In the historical context of ancient Egypt, a household was not just a family dwelling but a complex economic unit, often involving numerous servants and significant wealth. Joseph's management of Potiphar's household demonstrates his administrative skills and foreshadows his later role as a leader in Egypt.

and entrusted him with everything he owned
The phrase "entrusted him with everything" highlights the complete confidence Potiphar had in Joseph. The Hebrew word "nathan" means to give or entrust, indicating a transfer of responsibility. This level of trust is remarkable, especially considering Joseph's status as a foreigner and a slave. It speaks to Joseph's exceptional character and the divine favor upon him. Scripturally, this trust is a precursor to the greater responsibilities Joseph would later assume in Egypt, as God was orchestrating events for His purposes. This complete entrustment also serves as a reminder of the biblical principle that those who are faithful in little will be entrusted with much (Luke 16:10).

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joseph
The son of Jacob and Rachel, Joseph is a central figure in Genesis. Sold into slavery by his brothers, he rises to prominence in Egypt due to his integrity and God's favor.

2. Potiphar
An Egyptian officer of Pharaoh and captain of the guard. He purchases Joseph as a slave and recognizes his abilities, entrusting him with the management of his household.

3. Egypt
The land where Joseph is taken as a slave. It becomes the setting for his rise to power and the eventual salvation of his family during a famine.

4. Favor
The Hebrew word for "favor" is "chen", which implies grace or kindness. Joseph's favor in Potiphar's eyes is a testament to God's providence and Joseph's character.

5. Household Management
Joseph's role in managing Potiphar's household demonstrates his leadership skills and trustworthiness, setting the stage for his future responsibilities in Egypt.

Teaching Points

God's Favor in Adversity
Even in difficult circumstances, God's favor can manifest in unexpected ways. Joseph's rise in Potiphar's house shows that God can bless us and use us wherever we are.

Integrity and Trustworthiness
Joseph's integrity earns him trust and responsibility. In our own lives, maintaining integrity can lead to opportunities and the trust of others.

Faithfulness in Small Things
Joseph's faithful service in Potiphar's house prepares him for greater responsibilities. Being faithful in small tasks can prepare us for larger roles in God's plan.

God's Sovereignty
Joseph's account is a reminder of God's sovereignty. Despite human actions, God's purposes prevail, and He can use any situation for His glory.

Leadership and Stewardship
Joseph's management of Potiphar's household is an example of godly leadership and stewardship. We are called to manage our resources and responsibilities wisely.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Joseph's experience in Potiphar's house demonstrate the principle of finding favor through faithfulness and integrity?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty at work in Joseph's life, and how can this encourage us in our own circumstances?

3. How does Joseph's account in Genesis 39:4 connect with the broader biblical theme of God using adversity for His purposes?

4. What lessons can we learn from Joseph about leadership and stewardship, and how can we apply these lessons in our daily lives?

5. How can we cultivate a life that finds favor with both God and man, as seen in Joseph's example and other biblical figures?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 41
Joseph's rise to power in Egypt as second-in-command to Pharaoh parallels his earlier success in Potiphar's house, showing a pattern of God's favor and Joseph's faithfulness.

1 Samuel 2:26
Samuel, like Joseph, finds favor with God and man, illustrating a biblical theme of divine favor leading to human success.

Proverbs 3:3-4
The call to bind love and faithfulness around one's neck, resulting in favor and a good name, reflects Joseph's experience in Potiphar's house.