1 Chronicles 4:3

These were the sons of Etam: Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. And their sister was named Hazzelelponi.

Study Bible

These were the sons of Etam:
Etam is a location mentioned in the context of the tribe of Judah. It is associated with a village or a region within Judah's territory. The mention of Etam here suggests a genealogical record, emphasizing the importance of lineage and heritage in Israelite culture. Etam is also noted in other parts of the Bible, such as in the story of Samson (Judges 15:8, 11), indicating its significance in the tribal narratives.

Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash:
These names are part of the genealogical record, highlighting the descendants of Judah. Jezreel is a name that appears in various contexts in the Bible, often associated with a fertile valley in Israel, though here it is a personal name. Ishma and Idbash are less prominent in biblical narratives, but their inclusion underscores the detailed recording of family lines, which was crucial for maintaining tribal identity and inheritance rights.

And their sister was named Hazzelelponi:
The mention of a sister, Hazzelelponi, is notable as genealogies typically focus on male descendants. Her inclusion may indicate her significance or the prominence of her family. The name Hazzelelponi is unique in the Bible, and its meaning is uncertain, though it may suggest a connection to divine favor or beauty. The presence of women in genealogies, though rare, highlights their roles and contributions within the family and community.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Etam
A location or possibly a person, Etam is mentioned as the progenitor of the sons listed in this verse. It is also a place associated with the tribe of Judah.

2. Jezreel
One of the sons of Etam. The name means "God sows," which may indicate a divine blessing or purpose.

3. Ishma
Another son of Etam. His name means "He will hear," suggesting a connection to prayer or divine attention.

4. Idbash
The third son of Etam. The meaning of his name is less clear but may relate to "honey" or "sweetness."

5. Hazzelelponi
The sister of the sons of Etam. Her name means "the shadow turns to me," which could imply protection or divine favor.

Teaching Points

Significance of Names
In biblical times, names often carried deep meanings and were reflective of character or divine purpose. Consider the importance of what we name or label in our lives and how it reflects our values and beliefs.

Role of Women in Genealogies
Hazzelelponi is mentioned by name, which is significant in a patriarchal context. This highlights the importance of women in God's plan and encourages us to recognize and honor the contributions of women in our faith communities.

Divine Purpose in Lineage
The genealogies in Chronicles remind us that God works through families and generations. Reflect on how God might be working through your family history and how you can contribute to His purposes.

Historical Context and Faith
Understanding the historical and cultural context of biblical passages can deepen our faith and appreciation for God's work throughout history. Engage with the historical background of your faith to enrich your spiritual journey.

Bible Study Questions

1. What significance do the names of Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash have in the context of their family and in the broader account of Scripture?

2. How does the mention of Hazzelelponi challenge or affirm your understanding of the role of women in biblical genealogies?

3. In what ways can understanding your own family history and lineage impact your faith and spiritual journey?

4. How can the historical context of Etam and its mention in other parts of the Bible enhance your understanding of this passage?

5. Reflect on a time when a name or label in your life carried significant meaning. How did it shape your identity or actions, and how does this relate to the biblical understanding of names?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Chronicles 2:50-54
This passage provides additional genealogical context for the descendants of Judah, including the mention of Etam as a location.

Judges 15:8
Etam is mentioned as a place where Samson took refuge, indicating its significance in the tribal history of Judah.

Genesis 29:32-35
The names of the sons of Etam can be compared to the names of the sons of Jacob, where names often reflect divine intervention or characteristics.