Matthew 1:3 Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

◄ Matthew 1:3 ►

New International Version
Judah the father of Perez and Zerah, whose mother was Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, Hezron the father of Ram,

New Living Translation
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah (whose mother was Tamar). Perez was the father of Hezron. Hezron was the father of Ram.

English Standard Version
and Judah the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram,

Berean Standard Bible
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

Berean Literal Bible
And Judah begat Perez and Zerah out of Tamar, and Perez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram.

King James Bible
And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

New King James Version
Judah begot Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez begot Hezron, and Hezron begot Ram.

New American Standard Bible
Judah fathered Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez fathered Hezron, and Hezron fathered Ram.

NASB 1995
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

NASB 1977
and to Judah were born Perez and Zerah by Tamar; and to Perez was born Hezron; and to Hezron, Ram;

Legacy Standard Bible
And Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron was the father of Ram.

Amplified Bible
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

Christian Standard Bible
Judah fathered Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez fathered Hezron, Hezron fathered Aram,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Judah fathered Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez fathered Hezron, Hezron fathered Aram,

American Standard Version
and Judah begat Perez and Zerah of Tamar; and Perez begat Hezron; and Hezron begat Ram;

English Revised Version
and Judah begat Perez and Zerah of Tamar; and Perez begat Hezron; and Hezron begat Ram;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
[Judah] and [Tamar]were the father and mother of Perez and Zerah. [Perez] was the father of Hezron, [Hezron] the father of Ram,

International Standard Version
Judah fathered Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez fathered Hezron, Hezron fathered Aram,

Majority Standard Bible
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram.

NET Bible
Judah the father of Perez and Zerah (by Tamar), Perez the father of Hezron, Hezron the father of Ram,

New Heart English Bible
and Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram,

Webster's Bible Translation
And Judah begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

Weymouth New Testament
Judah was the father (by Tamar)

World English Bible
Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar. Perez became the father of Hezron. Hezron became the father of Ram.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
and Judah begot Perez and Zerah of Tamar, and Perez begot Hezron, and Hezron begot Ram,

Berean Literal Bible
And Judah begat Perez and Zerah out of Tamar, and Perez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram.

Young's Literal Translation
and Judah begat Pharez and Zarah of Tamar, and Pharez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram,

Smith's Literal Translation
And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
And Judas begot Phares and Zara of Thamar. And Phares begot Esron. And Esron begot Aram.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And Judah conceived Perez and Zerah by Tamar. And Perez conceived Hezron. And Hezron conceived Ram.

New American Bible
Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah, whose mother was Tamar. Perez became the father of Hezron, Hezron the father of Ram,

New Revised Standard Version
and Judah the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Aram,

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
Judah begot Perez and Zerah of his wife Tamar; Perez begot Hezron; Hezron begot Aram;

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
Yehuda begot Pharez and Zarah from Tamar. Pharez begot Hezron, Hezron begot Aram.

NT Translations

Anderson New Testament
Judah begot Phares and Zarah of Thamar: Phares begot Hezron: Hezron begot Aram:

Godbey New Testament
And Judah begat Phares and Zara from Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

Haweis New Testament
and Judas begat Phares, and Zara of Thamar, and Phares begat Esrom, and Esrom begat Aram;

Mace New Testament
And Judas the father of Phares and Zara by Thamar, and Phares the father of Esrom, Esrom the father of Aram.

Weymouth New Testament
Judah was the father (by Tamar)

Worrell New Testament
and Judah begat Pharez and Zarah of Tamar; and Pharez begat Hezrom; and Hezrom begat Aram;

Worsley New Testament
and Judah had Phares and Zara by Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom,

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

The Genealogy of Jesus
…2Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. 3Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. 4Ram was the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the father of Salmon.…

Berean Standard Bible · Download

Cross References

Genesis 38:27-30
When the time came for Tamar to give birth, there were twins in her womb. / And as she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife took a scarlet thread and tied it around his wrist. “This one came out first,” she announced. / But when he pulled his hand back and his brother came out, she said, “You have broken out first!” So he was named Perez. ...

Ruth 4:18-22
Now these are the generations of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron, / Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab, / Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, Nahshon was the father of Salmon, ...

1 Chronicles 2:4
Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.

Luke 3:33
the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah,

Genesis 38:6-11
Now Judah acquired a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar. / But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; so the LORD put him to death. / Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and raise up offspring for your brother.” ...

Genesis 46:12
The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.

Numbers 26:19-22
The sons of Judah were Er and Onan, but they died in the land of Canaan. / These were the descendants of Judah by their clans: The Shelanite clan from Shelah, the Perezite clan from Perez, and the Zerahite clan from Zerah. / And these were the descendants of Perez: the Hezronite clan from Hezron and the Hamulite clan from Hamul. ...

1 Chronicles 4:21
The sons of Shelah son of Judah: Er the father of Lecah, Laadah the father of Mareshah and the clans of the linen workers at Beth-ashbea,

Genesis 49:10
The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the staff from between his feet, until Shiloh comes and the allegiance of the nations is his.

Hebrews 7:14
For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah, a tribe as to which Moses said nothing about priests.

Genesis 38:13-26
When Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep,” / she removed her widow’s garments, covered her face with a veil to disguise herself, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah. For she saw that although Shelah had grown up, she had not been given to him as a wife. / When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute because she had covered her face. ...

1 Chronicles 5:2
And though Judah prevailed over his brothers and a ruler came from him, the birthright belonged to Joseph.

Genesis 29:35
And once more she conceived and gave birth to a son and said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” So she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children.

Genesis 35:23
The sons of Leah were Reuben the firstborn of Jacob, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.

Genesis 37:26-27
Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit will we gain if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? / Come, let us sell him to the Ishmaelites and not lay a hand on him; for he is our brother, our own flesh.” And they agreed.

Treasury of Scripture

And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;

Judas.

Genesis 38:27,29,30
And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb…

Genesis 46:12
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.

Judah, Pharez, Zarah.

Numbers 26:20,21
And the sons of Judah after their families were; of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites: of Pharez, the family of the Pharzites: of Zerah, the family of the Zarhites…

1 Chronicles 2:3,4
The sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah: which three were born unto him of the daughter of Shua the Canaanitess. And Er, the firstborn of Judah, was evil in the sight of the LORD; and he slew him…

Zerah.

1 Chronicles 9:6
And of the sons of Zerah; Jeuel, and their brethren, six hundred and ninety.

Thamar.

Genesis 38:6,11,24-26
And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar…

Tamar.

Genesis 46:12
And the sons of Judah; Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zerah: but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul.

Numbers 26:21
And the sons of Pharez were; of Hezron, the family of the Hezronites: of Hamul, the family of the Hamulites.

Ruth 4:18
Now these are the generations of Pharez: Pharez begat Hezron,

Hezron.

Luke 3:33
Which was the son of Aminadab, which was the son of Aram, which was the son of Esrom, which was the son of Phares, which was the son of Juda,

Aram.

Ruth 4:19
And Hezron begat Ram, and Ram begat Amminadab,

1 Chronicles 2:9
The sons also of Hezron, that were born unto him; Jerahmeel, and Ram, and Chelubai.

Ram.

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Matthew 1

1. The genealogy of Jesus from Abraham to Joseph.
18. He is miraculously conceived of the Holy Spirit by the Virgin Mary.
19. The angel satisfies the doubts of Joseph,
21. and declares the names and office of Jesus;
25. Jesus is born

Berean Study Bible

Judah
Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, is a significant figure in biblical history. His name, derived from the Hebrew "Yehudah," means "praise." Judah's lineage is crucial as it leads to King David and ultimately to Jesus Christ, fulfilling the prophecy of the Messiah coming from the tribe of Judah (Genesis 49:10). Historically, Judah's leadership among his brothers and his role in the account of Joseph highlight his importance in the narrative of Israel.

was the father of
This phrase, in the genealogical context, signifies the continuation of a lineage. The Greek term "ἐγέννησεν" (egennēsen) is used, which means "begot" or "became the father of." It emphasizes the transmission of heritage and covenant promises through generations, underscoring God's faithfulness in preserving the line through which the Messiah would come.

Perez and Zerah
Perez and Zerah were twins born to Judah and Tamar. Their story, found in Genesis 38, is one of redemption and divine providence. Perez, whose name means "breach" or "bursting forth," is particularly significant as he continues the Messianic line. The inclusion of Zerah, whose name means "brightness," highlights the unexpected and often complex nature of God's plans, as Zerah's birth was marked by a surprising turn of events.

by Tamar
Tamar, a Canaanite woman, is one of the few women mentioned in Matthew's genealogy. Her account is one of courage and righteousness, as she ensured the continuation of Judah's line despite challenging circumstances. Her inclusion in the genealogy underscores God's grace and the breaking of cultural and social barriers, as well as the theme of redemption and the inclusion of Gentiles in God's plan.

Perez the father of Hezron
Perez's son, Hezron, continues the lineage leading to David and Jesus. The name Hezron means "enclosed" or "surrounded by a wall," suggesting protection and strength. This lineage reflects God's sovereign plan and the unfolding of His promises through generations, despite human frailty and sin.

and Hezron the father of Ram
Hezron's son, Ram, further extends the genealogical line. The name Ram means "exalted" or "high," indicating a position of honor. This continuation of the line highlights the faithfulness of God in preserving the lineage through which the Savior would come, fulfilling His covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(3) Thamar.--The occurrence of the names of women in genealogies was the exception rather than the rule among the Jews; but there are instances enough in the Old Testament (e.g., Keturah, Genesis 25:1; the wives of Esau, Genesis 36:10; Timna, Genesis 36:22; Mehetabel, Genesis 36:39; Azubah, the wife of Caleb, 1Chronicles 2:18; Achsa, his daughter, 1Chronicles 2:49; and many others) to make the insertion of such names here quite natural, even without assuming any distinct purpose. It was enough that the women were historically notable. In the case of Thamar there were precedents enough for such an honourable mention. In the days of Ruth she was as much the heroine of the tribe of Judah as Rachel and Leah were of all Israel, and her name came into the formula of nuptial benediction (Ruth 4:12). It appears also in the genealogies of 1Chronicles 2:4. It would appear from the language of the Talmud as if the Jews looked on her strange and to us revolting history with quite other feelings. To them she was as one who, at the risk of shame, and, it might be, death, had preserved the line of Judah from destruction, and "therefore was counted worthy to be the mother of kings and prophets." The mention of Zara, though not in the line of succession, follows the precedent of 1Chronicles 2:47. . . .

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 3. - Of Thamar ( Tamer, Revised Version). In this genealogy the only women mentioned beside the Virgin Mary herself, who must of necessity be introduced, are Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba, and many explanations have been suggested why these should be specially singled out for notice. The most plausible reasons put forward have been that they are introduced because of the sins with which all but one of them were stained, and because two were not of the race of Israel. Thus, it has been thought, St. Matthew would, in the outset of his Gospel, proclaim Christ as the Friend, even the Kinsman, of sinners, and the Saviour offered to Gentiles as well as to Jews. It is probably wiser not to put so deep a meaning on the appearance of these names, but to consider that they are here because in each case the circumstances were different from the ordinary steps of the genealogy. Had they been in the same position as all the other wives and mothers who are unnamed, they also would have been left unnamed.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Greek

Judah
Ἰούδας (Ioudas)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2455: Of Hebrew origin; Judas, the name of ten Israelites; also of the posterity of one of them and its region.

was the father of
ἐγέννησεν (egennēsen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1080: From a variation of genos; to procreate; figuratively, to regenerate.

Perez
Φαρὲς (Phares)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5329: Perez, son of Judah and one of the ancestors of Jesus. Of Hebrew origin; Phares, an Israelite.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

Zerah
Ζαρὰ (Zara)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2196: Zerah, son of Judah and Tamar. Of Hebrew origin; Zara, an Israelite.

by
ἐκ (ek)
Preposition
Strong's 1537: From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.

Tamar,
Θάμαρ (Thamar)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 2283: Tamar, mother of Perez and Zerah by Judah, son of Jacob. Of Hebrew origin; Thamar, an Israelitess.

Perez
Φαρὲς (Phares)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5329: Perez, son of Judah and one of the ancestors of Jesus. Of Hebrew origin; Phares, an Israelite.

the father of
ἐγέννησεν (egennēsen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1080: From a variation of genos; to procreate; figuratively, to regenerate.

Hezron,
Ἑσρώμ (Hesrōm)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2074: Hezron, son of Perez, father of Ram. Of Hebrew origin; Esrom, an Israelite.

and
δὲ (de)
Conjunction
Strong's 1161: A primary particle; but, and, etc.

Hezron
Ἑσρὼμ (Hesrōm)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2074: Hezron, son of Perez, father of Ram. Of Hebrew origin; Esrom, an Israelite.

the father of
ἐγέννησεν (egennēsen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1080: From a variation of genos; to procreate; figuratively, to regenerate.

Ram.
Ἀράμ (Aram)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 689: Ram, son of Hezron and father of Amminadab. Of Hebrew origin; Aram, an Israelite.

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NT Gospels: Matthew 1:3 Judah became the father of Perez (Matt. Mat Mt)