Strong's Lexicon atsab: To grieve, to hurt, to pain, to vex Original Word: עָצַב Word Origin: A primitive root Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - Strong's Greek 3076 (λυπέω, lupeo): To grieve, to cause sorrow - Strong's Greek 3996 (πενθέω, pentheo): To mourn, to lament Usage: The Hebrew verb "atsab" primarily conveys the idea of causing pain or grief, either physically or emotionally. It can refer to the act of grieving or being in distress, as well as causing sorrow or vexation to others. The term is often used in contexts where emotional or spiritual pain is evident, highlighting the depth of human suffering and the impact of sin and disobedience. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Hebrew culture, expressions of grief and sorrow were often public and communal, involving rituals such as tearing clothes, wearing sackcloth, and lamentation. The concept of grief was not only personal but also collective, affecting families and communities. The use of "atsab" in the Hebrew Bible reflects the profound emotional experiences of the Israelites, whether in response to personal loss, national calamity, or divine judgment. Brown-Driver-Briggs I. [עָצַב] verb hurt, pain, grieve (Late Hebrew Nithp. and in derivatives; ᵑ7 עֲצַב be in pain (rare); Ethiopic  be hard, difficult, LagBN 50, compare 201 compare Arabic  be angry, but dubious); — Qal Perfect3masculine singular suffix עֲצָבוֺ 1 Kings 1:6 his father had not pained him (ᵐ5 Klo Gr עֲצָרוֺ, but see Benz); insert עָצַב (with other words) 2 Samuel 13:21 ᵐ5 Ew Th We Kit Bu HPS; Infinitive construct suffix לְבִלְתִּי עָצְבִּי 1 Chronicles 4:10 that it (רָעָה) may not pain me; Passive participle construct עֲצוּבַת רוּחַ Isaiah 54:6 hurt in spirit (of Zion under figure of deserted wife). Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נֶעְצַב 1 Samuel 20:24 be pained for (אֶל person; strike out ᵐ5 HPS); נֶעֱצַב 2 Samuel 19:3 the king is in pain (is grieving) for (עַל person); Imperfect3masculine singular יֵעָצֵב 1 Samuel 20:3 lest he be pained; + בָּהֶם instrumental Ecclesiastes 10:9 shall be hurt by them (i.e. אֲבָנִים; only here of physical pain); 2 masculine plural תֵּעָֽצְבוּ Genesis 45:5 be not grieved (+ יִחַר; followed byכִּי that ye sold me), compare Nehemiah 8:10,11 (absolute) do not grieve. Pi`el Perfect3plural עִצְּבוּ with accusative Isaiah 63:10 they vexed his holy spirit (+ מָרוּ); Imperfect3masculine plural בְּבָרַי יְעַצֵּ֑בוּ Psalm 56:6 my affairs they vex (Thes and others), but improbable, < Che ׳בְּדָבָר יְע with speech they vex (me). Hiph`il Imperfect3masculine plural suffix יַעֲצִיבוּהוּ Psalm 78:40 they used to cause him [׳י] pain. Hithpa`el Imperfect3masculine singular וַיִּתְעַצֵּב אֶללִֿבּוֺ Genesis 6:6 and he was vexed to his heart (of ׳י; "" וַיִּנָּחֶם); 3 masculine plural וִיִּתְעַצְּבוּ Genesis 34:7 (+ וַיִּחַר, followed by clause with כִּי). II. [עָצַב] verb Pi`el shape, fashion (Late Hebrew Pi`el stretch child into shape; BuhlLex compare Pi`el Perfect יָדֶיךָ עִצְּבוּנִי וַעיַּעֲשׂוּנִי Job 10:8 thy hands shaped me, etc. Hiph`il Infinitiveconstruct לְהַעֲצִבָה Jeremiah 44:19, but read בָהּ-, to fashion her, i.e. make images of her (possibly denominative from עָצָב). Strong's Exhaustive Concordance displease, grieve, hurt, make, be sorry, vex, worship, wrestA primitive root; properly, to carve, i.e. Fabricate or fashion; hence (in a bad sense) to worry, pain or anger -- displease, grieve, hurt, make, be sorry, vex, worship, wrest. Forms and Transliterations וְעִצְּב֖וּ וַיִּֽתְעַצְּבוּ֙ וַיִּתְעַצֵּ֖ב וַעֲצ֥וּבַת ויתעצב ויתעצבו ועצבו ועצובת יְעַצֵּ֑בוּ יֵֽעָצֵ֑ב יֵעָצֵ֖ב יַ֝עֲצִיב֗וּהוּ יעצב יעצבו יעציבוהו לְהַ֣עֲצִבָ֔ה להעצבה נֶעְצַב֙ נֶעֱצַ֥ב נעצב עֲצָב֨וֹ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי עָצְבִּ֑י עצבו עצבוני עצבי תֵּ֣עָצֵ֔בוּ תֵּעָ֣צְב֗וּ תֵּעָצֵֽבוּ׃ תעצבו תעצבו׃ ‘ă·ṣā·ḇōw ‘ā·ṣə·bî ‘ăṣāḇōw ‘āṣəbî ‘iṣ·ṣə·ḇū·nî ‘iṣṣəḇūnî atzaVo atzeBi Itztzevuni lə·ha·‘ă·ṣi·ḇāh ləha‘ăṣiḇāh leHaatziVah ne‘·ṣaḇ ne‘ĕṣaḇ ne‘ṣaḇ ne·‘ĕ·ṣaḇ neeTzav neTzav tê‘āṣêḇū tê‘āṣəḇū tê·‘ā·ṣê·ḇū tê·‘ā·ṣə·ḇū teAtzeVu vaaTzuvat vaiyitatzTzev vaiyitatztzeVu veitztzeVu wa‘ăṣūḇaṯ wa·‘ă·ṣū·ḇaṯ way·yiṯ·‘aṣ·ṣə·ḇū way·yiṯ·‘aṣ·ṣêḇ wayyiṯ‘aṣṣêḇ wayyiṯ‘aṣṣəḇū wə‘iṣṣəḇū wə·‘iṣ·ṣə·ḇū ya‘ăṣîḇūhū ya·‘ă·ṣî·ḇū·hū yaatziVuhu yê‘āṣêḇ yə‘aṣṣêḇū yê·‘ā·ṣêḇ yə·‘aṣ·ṣê·ḇū yeaTzev yeatzTzevuLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 6:6 HEB: הָֽאָדָ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּתְעַצֵּ֖ב אֶל־ לִבּֽוֹ׃ NAS: on the earth, and He was grieved in His heart. KJV: on the earth, and it grieved him at INT: man the earth was grieved at his heart Genesis 34:7 Genesis 45:5 1 Samuel 20:3 1 Samuel 20:34 2 Samuel 19:2 1 Kings 1:6 1 Chronicles 4:10 Nehemiah 8:10 Nehemiah 8:11 Job 10:8 Psalm 56:5 Psalm 78:40 Ecclesiastes 10:9 Isaiah 54:6 Isaiah 63:10 Jeremiah 44:19 17 Occurrences |
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out, cut off [whence idea of carving, fashioning]); — 
