Exodus 21:3
New International Version
If he comes alone, he is to go free alone; but if he has a wife when he comes, she is to go with him.

New Living Translation
If he was single when he became your slave, he shall leave single. But if he was married before he became a slave, then his wife must be freed with him.

English Standard Version
If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Berean Standard Bible
If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him.

King James Bible
If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him.

New King James Version
If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him.

New American Standard Bible
If he comes alone, he shall leave alone; if he is the husband of a wife, then his wife shall leave with him.

NASB 1995
“If he comes alone, he shall go out alone; if he is the husband of a wife, then his wife shall go out with him.

NASB 1977
“If he comes alone, he shall go out alone; if he is the husband of a wife, then his wife shall go out with him.

Legacy Standard Bible
If he comes alone, he shall go out alone; if he is the husband of a wife, then his wife shall go out with him.

Amplified Bible
If he came [to you] alone, he shall leave alone; if he came married, then his wife shall leave with him.

Christian Standard Bible
If he arrives alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrives with a wife, his wife is to leave with him.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If he arrives alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrives with a wife, his wife is to leave with him.

American Standard Version
If he come in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he be married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Contemporary English Version
If he was single at the time you bought him, he alone must be set free. But if he was married at the time, both he and his wife must be given their freedom.

English Revised Version
If he come in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he be married, then his wife shall go out with him.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
If he comes to you by himself, he must leave by himself. If he comes as a married man, his wife may leave with him.

Good News Translation
If he was unmarried when he became your slave, he is not to take a wife with him when he leaves; but if he was married when he became your slave, he may take his wife with him.

International Standard Version
If he came in by himself, he is to go out by himself. If he was married, his wife is to go out with him.

Majority Standard Bible
If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him.

NET Bible
If he came in by himself he will go out by himself; if he had a wife when he came in, then his wife will go out with him.

New Heart English Bible
If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself. If he is married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Webster's Bible Translation
If he came in by himself, he shall depart by himself: if he was married, then his wife shall depart with him.

World English Bible
If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself. If he is married, then his wife shall go out with him.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
if he comes in by himself, he goes out by himself; if he [is] owner of a wife, then his wife has gone out with him;

Young's Literal Translation
if by himself he cometh in, by himself he goeth out; if he is owner of a wife, then his wife hath gone out with him;

Smith's Literal Translation
If he shall come in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he possessed a wife, and his wife shall go forth with him.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
With what raiment he came in, with the like let him go out: if having a wife, his wife also shall go out with him.

Catholic Public Domain Version
With whatever clothing he arrived, with the like let him depart. If he has a wife, his wife also shall depart, at the same time.

New American Bible
If he comes into service alone, he shall leave alone; if he comes with a wife, his wife shall leave with him.

New Revised Standard Version
If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If he came in single, he shall go out single; if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And if he alone will come in, he alone will go forth, and if he is a husband of a wife, his wife will go out with him.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
If he come in by himself, he shall go out by himself; if he be married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
If he should have come in alone, he shall also go forth alone; and if his wife should have gone in together with him, his wife also shall go out.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Laws for Servants
2If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free without paying anything. 3If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him. 4If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.…

Cross References
Leviticus 25:39-41
If a countryman among you becomes destitute and sells himself to you, then you must not force him into slave labor. / Let him stay with you as a hired worker or temporary resident; he is to work for you until the Year of Jubilee. / Then he and his children are to be released, and he may return to his clan and to the property of his fathers.

Deuteronomy 15:12-15
If a fellow Hebrew, a man or a woman, is sold to you and serves you six years, then in the seventh year you must set him free. / And when you release him, do not send him away empty-handed. / You are to furnish him liberally from your flock, your threshing floor, and your winepress. You shall give to him as the LORD your God has blessed you. ...

Jeremiah 34:14
Every seventh year, each of you must free his Hebrew brother who has sold himself to you. He may serve you six years, but then you must let him go free. But your fathers did not listen or incline their ear.

1 Corinthians 7:21-23
Were you a slave when you were called? Do not let it concern you—but if you can gain your freedom, take the opportunity. / For he who was a slave when he was called by the Lord is the Lord’s freedman. Conversely, he who was a free man when he was called is Christ’s slave. / You were bought at a price; do not become slaves of men.

Galatians 4:1-7
What I am saying is that as long as the heir is a child, he is no different from a slave, although he is the owner of everything. / He is subject to guardians and trustees until the date set by his father. / So also, when we were children, we were enslaved under the basic principles of the world. ...

Ephesians 6:5-9
Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear and sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. / And do this not only to please them while they are watching, but as servants of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart. / Serve with good will, as to the Lord and not to men, ...

Colossians 3:22-25
Slaves, obey your earthly masters in everything, not only to please them while they are watching, but with sincerity of heart and fear of the Lord. / Whatever you do, work at it with your whole being, as for the Lord and not for men, / because you know that you will receive an inheritance from the Lord as your reward. It is the Lord Christ you are serving. ...

1 Timothy 6:1-2
All who are under the yoke of slavery should regard their masters as fully worthy of honor, so that God’s name and our teaching will not be discredited. / Those who have believing masters should not show disrespect because they are brothers, but should serve them all the more, since those receiving their good service are beloved believers. Teach and encourage these principles.

Philemon 1:15-16
For perhaps this is why he was separated from you for a while, so that you might have him back for good— / no longer as a slave, but better than a slave, as a beloved brother. He is especially beloved to me, but even more so to you, both in person and in the Lord.

Genesis 15:13-14
Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years. / But I will judge the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will depart with many possessions.

Genesis 29:18-20
Since Jacob loved Rachel, he answered, “I will serve you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel.” / Laban replied, “Better that I give her to you than to another. Stay here with me.” / So Jacob served seven years for Rachel, yet it seemed but a few days because of his love for her.

Genesis 31:41
Thus for twenty years I have served in your household—fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flocks—and you have changed my wages ten times!

2 Kings 4:1
Now the wife of one of the sons of the prophets cried out to Elisha, “Your servant, my husband, is dead, and you know that your servant feared the LORD. And now his creditor is coming to take my two children as his slaves!”

Nehemiah 5:5
We and our children are just like our countrymen and their children, yet we are subjecting our sons and daughters to slavery. Some of our daughters are already enslaved, but we are powerless to redeem them because our fields and vineyards belong to others.”

Isaiah 58:6
Isn’t this the fast that I have chosen: to break the chains of wickedness, to untie the cords of the yoke, to set the oppressed free and tear off every yoke?


Treasury of Scripture

If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him.

by himself.

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Alone Depart Free Husband Married Owner Single Wife
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Alone Depart Free Husband Married Owner Single Wife
Exodus 21
1. Laws for men servants
5. For the servant whose ear is bored
7. For women servants
12. For manslaughter
16. For kidnappers
17. For cursers of parents
18. For smiters
22. For a hurt by chance
28. For an ox that gores
33. For him who is an occasion of harm














If he arrived alone
The Hebrew word for "alone" here is "בְּגַפּוֹ" (begappo), which implies a solitary state. This phrase sets the stage for understanding the conditions of servitude in ancient Israel. The context is a Hebrew servant who has entered into service due to debt or poverty. The law provided a framework for servitude that was humane and just, reflecting God's concern for the dignity and rights of individuals. The servant's initial state upon entering service is crucial, as it determines his status upon release.

he is to leave alone
The phrase underscores the principle of restoration to one's original state. The Hebrew word "יֵצֵא" (yetze) means "to go out" or "to leave," indicating the end of the servant's term. This reflects the biblical principle of freedom and redemption, where servitude is not a permanent condition but a temporary one. The servant's departure as he arrived signifies the restoration of his personal autonomy and dignity, a theme that resonates with the broader biblical narrative of liberation and redemption.

but if he arrived with a wife
The Hebrew word for "wife" is "אִשָּׁה" (ishah), which denotes a married woman. This phrase introduces a conditional clause that acknowledges the family unit. The inclusion of the wife in the servant's terms of release highlights the importance of family integrity and unity in God's law. It reflects the biblical value placed on marriage and the protection of familial relationships, ensuring that the servant's marital status is respected and preserved.

she is to leave with him
This phrase emphasizes the protection and preservation of the marital bond. The Hebrew word "תֵּצֵא" (tetze) is similar to the word used for the servant's departure, indicating that the wife shares in the servant's liberation. This provision ensures that the family unit remains intact, reflecting God's design for marriage as a lifelong covenant. It underscores the biblical principle that marriage is a partnership, and the rights and dignity of both husband and wife are to be upheld.

(3) His wife shall go out with him.--The privilege of the married Hebrew slave was to attach also to his wife, if he was married when he became a slave. It further, no doubt, attached to his children.

Verse 3. - If he came in by himself, etc.. The first clause of this verse is further explained in the next; the second secured to the wife who went into slavery with her husband a participation in his privilege of release at the end of the sixth year.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
If
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

he arrived alone,
יָבֹ֖א (yā·ḇō)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

he is to leave alone;
יֵצֵ֑א (yê·ṣê)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

if
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

he
ה֔וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

arrived with a wife,
אִשָּׁה֙ (’iš·šāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

[she]
אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ (’iš·tōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

is to leave
וְיָצְאָ֥ה (wə·yā·ṣə·’āh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

with him.
עִמּֽוֹ׃ (‘im·mōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5973: With, equally with


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OT Law: Exodus 21:3 If he comes in by himself he (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 21:2
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