Bible Dictionary: Market

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ATS Bible Dictionary

Market

In Greek AGORA, in Latin FORUM, a large open area in many ancient cities, especially of Greece and Rome, having the public market on one side only, the other sides of the are being occupied by temples, theatres, colonnades, courts of justice, baths, and other public structures, the whole square often presenting a magnificent appearance.

Here was the city exchange, the focus to which converged all the lines of public life. Hither laborers resorted in search of employment, Matthew 20:3-7, and children to pursue their sports, Luke 7:32. Here the ordinary assemblies of the people were held; here philosophers and statesmen met and debated; here laws were promulgated and news announced; hither men resorted for pleasure as well as for business.

The most notable public men, and indeed all classes of citizens, here congregated; and what was done here was done before the whole city. Hence the proud Pharisees desired "greeting in the market places," Matthew 12:38; and Paul resorted to the agora at Athens to meet and convince the philosophers, Acts 17:17; and the masters of the damsel at Philippi exorcised by Paul and Silas, "drew them into the market place unto the rulers," Acts 16:19.

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

1. (n.) A meeting together of people, at a stated time and place, for the purpose of traffic (as in cattle, provisions, wares, etc.) by private purchase and sale, and not by auction; as, a market is held in the town every week.

2. (n.) A public place (as an open space in a town) or a large building, where a market is held; a market place or market house; esp., a place where provisions are sold.

3. (n.) An opportunity for selling anything; demand, as shown by price offered or obtainable; a town, region, or country, where the demand exists; as, to find a market for one's wares; there is no market for woolen cloths in that region; India is a market for English goods.

4. (n.) Exchange, or purchase and sale; traffic; as, a dull market; a slow market.

5. (n.) The price for which a thing is sold in a market; market price. Hence: Value; worth.

6. (n.) The privilege granted to a town of having a public market.

7. (v. i.) To deal in a market; to buy or sell; to make bargains for provisions or goods.

8. (v. t.) To expose for sale in a market; to traffic in; to sell in a market, and in an extended sense, to sell in any manner; as, most of the farms have marketed their crops.

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

MARKET; MARKETPLACE; MART

mar'-ket, mar'-ketplas, mart (ma`arabh, cachar; agora):

(1) Ma`arabh, from a root meaning "trading" and hence, goods exchanged, and so "merchandise" in the Revised Version (British and American), "market" in the King James Version, occurs only in Ezekiel 27:13, 17, 19, 25, and is translated correctly "merchandise" in both the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version.

(2) Cachar means a "trading emporium," hence, mart, and merchandise. It occurs only in Isaiah 23:3 (see MERCHANDISE).

(3) Agora, from root meaning "to collect," means a "town meeting-place," "resort of the people," so a place where the public generally met to exchange views and wares. No doubt, the central place soon filling up, the people thronged the adjoining streets, and so in time each street thus used came to be called agora, "marketplace"; translated "marketplace(s)" in 1 Esdras 2:18; Tobit 2:3; Matthew 11:16; Matthew 20:3; Matthew 23:7 Mark 6:56; Mark 7:4; Mark 12:38 Luke 7:32; Luke 11:43; Luke 20:46 Acts 16:19; Acts 17:17; "Market of Appius" in Acts 28:15 means, probably, "street" (see APPII FORUM).

The marketplace in New Testament times was the public open space, either simple or ornate, in town, city or country, where (Mark 6:56) the people congregated, not only for exchange of merchandise, but for one or more of the following purposes:

(1) a place where the children came together to sing, dance and play, a "back-to-date" municipal recreation center (Matthew 11:16, 17 Luke 7:32);

(2) a place for loafers, a sort of ancient, irresponsible labor bureau where the out-of-work idler waited the coming of an employer with whom he might bargain for his services, usually by the day (Matthew 20:1-16);

(3) a place where the proud pretender could parade in long robes and get public recognition, "salutations in the market-places," e.g. the scribes and Pharisees against whom Jesus emphatically warns His disciples (Matthew 23:3-7 Mark 12:38 Luke 11:43; Luke 20:46);

(4) a place where the sick were brought for treatment, the poor man's sanatorium, a municipal hospital; Jesus "who went about doing good" often found His opportunity there (Mark 6:56);

(5) a place of preliminary hearing in trials, where the accused might be brought before rulers who were present at the time, e.g. Paul and Silas at Philippi (Acts 16:19);

(6) a place for religious and probably political or philosophical discussion (gossip also), a forum, a free-speech throne; no doubt often used by the early apostles not only as a place of proclaiming some truth of the new religion but also a place of advertisement for a coming synagogue service, e.g. Paul in Athens (Acts 17:17).

The Wisdom of Solomon 15:12 (the King James Version) has "They counted... our time here a market for gain," the Revised Version (British and American) "a gainful fair," margin "a keeping of festival," Greek panegurismos, "an assembly of all." Such assemblies offered particular opportunities for business dealings.

William Edward Raffety

SHEEP MARKET

(John 5:2, the Revised Version (British and American) "sheep gate"): The Greek (he probatike) means simply something that pertains to sheep.

See BETHESDA; SHEEP GATE.

MARKET, SHEEP

See SHEEP MARKET.

Greek

3111. makellon -- a meat market
... a meat market. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: makellon Phonetic Spelling:
(mak'-el-lon) Short Definition: a meat-market Definition: a meat-market ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3111.htm - 6k

5410. phoron -- forum, market
... forum, market. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: phoron Phonetic Spelling:
(for'-on) Short Definition: Forum, Market Definition: (of Latin origin ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5410.htm - 6k

675. Appiou Phoron -- Market of Appius, the name of a city south ...
... Market of Appius, the name of a city south of Rome. Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: Appiou Phoron Phonetic Spelling: (ap'-pee-os) Short ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/675.htm - 6k

58. agora -- an assembly, place of assembly
... an assembly, place of assembly. Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration:
agora Phonetic Spelling: (ag-or-ah') Short Definition: market-place Definition ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/58.htm - 6k

1712. emporion -- a trading place
... a trading place. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: emporion Phonetic
Spelling: (em-por'-ee-on) Short Definition: market, market-house Definition: a ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1712.htm - 6k

60. agoraios -- pertaining to the marketplace, an agitator
... an agitator. Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: agoraios Phonetic Spelling:
(ag-or-ah'-yos) Short Definition: a lounger in the market-place Definition ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/60.htm - 6k

4262. probatikos -- of sheep
... sheep market. From probaton; relating to sheep, ie (a gate) through which they
were led into Jerusalem -- sheep (market). see GREEK probaton. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/4262.htm - 6k

59. agorazo -- to buy in the marketplace, purchase
... buy, redeem. From agora; properly, to go to market, ie (by implication) to purchase;
specially, to redeem -- buy, redeem. see GREEK agora. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/59.htm - 9k

779. askos -- a leather bottle, wineskin
... leather. In Spanish means a , a , and a . In Spain wine is still brought
to market in pig-skins" (M. Vincent). Word Origin a prim. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/779.htm - 6k

Strong's Hebrew

5506. sechorah -- merchandise
... 5505, 5506. sechorah. 5507 . merchandise. Transliteration: sechorah Phonetic
Spelling: (sekh-o-raw') Short Definition: market. Word ...
/hebrew/5506.htm - 6k

4627. maarab -- articles of exchange, merchandise
... market, merchandise. From arab, in the sense of trading; traffic; by implication,
mercantile goods -- market, merchandise. see HEBREW arab. 4626, 4627. ...
/hebrew/4627.htm - 6k

5504. sachar -- commerce, gain
... Word Origin from sachar Definition commerce, gain NASB Word Usage gain
(3), market (1), merchandise (1), profit (2). merchandise. ...
/hebrew/5504.htm - 6k

Library

How the Market-Town of Gaza was Made a City for Its Profession of ...
... Book IV. Chapter XXXVIII."How the Market-Town of Gaza was made a City for its
Profession of Christianity, and received the Name of Constantia. ...
/.../pamphilius/the life of constantine/chapter xxxviii how the market-town of.htm

The Following Books to be had at the Shop of John Bryce, Printer ...
... The following BOOKS to be had at the Shop of JOHN BRYCE, Printer and Bookseller,
opposite Gibson's-Wynd, Salt-market. BOOKS IN OCTAVO. ...
/.../howie/biographia scoticana scots worthies/the following books to be.htm

The Henkels.
... and Ohio. He was pastor at New Market, Va., at Salisbury, Va., and again at
New Market, where he died, November 17, 1825. He participated ...
//christianbookshelf.org/bente/american lutheranism/the henkels.htm

Innocent Alypius, Being Apprehended as a Thief, is Set at Liberty ...
... As was that also, that when he was yet studying under me at Carthage, and was
meditating at noonday in the market-place upon what he had to recite (as scholars ...
/.../chapter ix innocent alypius being apprehended.htm

The Repentance of Samuel Johnson
... Johnson's father was a bookseller, who used to have a little shop in the
market-place, where he sold books on market-days. One day ...
/.../fifty-two story talks to boys and girls/the repentance of samuel johnson.htm

But this was Already Being Laid up in his Memory to be a Medicine ...
... So was that also, that when he was yet studying under me at Carthage, and was thinking
over at mid-day in the market-place what he was to say by heart (as ...
/.../augustine/the confessions of saint augustine/chapter ix but this was.htm

The French Drummer-Boy
... The fiercest part of the fighting was carried on against Hungarian Grenadiers,
who held the market-place of the town. During this ...
/.../chidley/fifty-two story talks to boys and girls/the french drummer-boy.htm

The Consulship of Eutropius
... gold on a blue ground, to stick up on his bedroom-wall; if David guesses right
I'll give him an earthenware vase full of roses from the flower-market; and if ...
/.../chapter xxiv the consulship of.htm

Jesus Attends the First Passover of his Ministry.
... court that the markets described in this section were held] Those that sold oxen
and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting [This market in the ...
/.../mcgarvey/the four-fold gospel/xxiv jesus attends the first.htm

The Misfortunes which Happened in Connection with These Things, in ...
... 7. And some of the high-born women in the cities, driven by want to shameful
extremities, went forth into the market-places to beg, giving evidence of their ...
/.../pamphilius/church history/chapter viii the misfortunes which happened.htm

Thesaurus

Market (24 Occurrences)
... time and place, for the purpose of traffic (as in cattle, provisions, wares, etc.)
by private purchase and sale, and not by auction; as, a market is held in ...
/m/market.htm - 19k

Market-place (7 Occurrences)
Market-place. Marketplace, Market-place. Marketplaces . Easton's Bible
Dictionary ... Multi-Version Concordance Market-place (7 Occurrences). ...
/m/market-place.htm - 9k

Market-places (4 Occurrences)
Market-places. Marketplaces, Market-places. Markets . Multi-Version
Concordance Market-places (4 Occurrences). Matthew ...
/m/market-places.htm - 7k

Meat-market (1 Occurrence)
Meat-market. Meat-hooks, Meat-market. Meatoffering . Multi-Version
Concordance Meat-market (1 Occurrence). 1 Corinthians ...
/m/meat-market.htm - 6k

Sheep-market (1 Occurrence)
Sheep-market. Sheepmarket, Sheep-market. Sheepmaster . Easton's Bible
Dictionary ... Multi-Version Concordance Sheep-market (1 Occurrence). ...
/s/sheep-market.htm - 7k

Mart (2 Occurrences)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (n.) A market. 2. (n.) A bargain. ... 6. (n.) Battle; contest.
Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. MARKET; MARKETPLACE; MART. ...
/m/mart.htm - 11k

Marketplace (8 Occurrences)
... Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia MARKET; MARKETPLACE; MART. mar'-ket,
mar'-ketplas, mart (ma`arabh, cachar; agora): (1) Ma`arabh, from ...
/m/marketplace.htm - 13k

Buying (12 Occurrences)
... Testament Times II. ORIENTAL BUYING A TEDIOUS PROCESS III. SHOPS AND BAZAARS
1. Oriental Shops 2. The Market-Place IV. BUYING ON CREDIT ...
/b/buying.htm - 23k

Forum (1 Occurrence)
... Noah Webster's Dictionary 1. (n.) A market place or public place in Rome, where
causes were judicially tried, and orations delivered to the people. ...
/f/forum.htm - 9k

Sale (12 Occurrences)
... 3. (vt) Opportunity of selling; demand; market. 4. (vt) Public disposal to the
highest bidder, or exposure of goods in market; auction. Int. ...
/s/sale.htm - 11k

Bible Concordance

Market (24 Occurrences)

Matthew 11:16 "But to what shall I compare this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces, who call to their companions
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Matthew 20:3 He went out about the third hour, and saw others standing idle in the marketplace.
(Root in WEB KJV WEY ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Matthew 23:7 the salutations in the marketplaces, and to be called'Rabbi, Rabbi' by men.
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Mark 7:4 They don't eat when they come from the marketplace, unless they bathe themselves, and there are many other things, which they have received to hold to: washings of cups, pitchers, bronze vessels, and couches.)
(Root in WEB KJV WEY ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Mark 12:38 In his teaching he said to them, "Beware of the scribes, who like to walk in long robes, and to get greetings in the marketplaces,
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Luke 7:32 They are like children who sit in the marketplace, and call one to another, saying,'We piped to you, and you didn't dance. We mourned, and you didn't weep.'
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Luke 11:43 Woe to you Pharisees! For you love the best seats in the synagogues, and the greetings in the marketplaces.
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

John 2:16 To those who sold the doves, he said, "Take these things out of here! Don't make my Father's house a marketplace!"
(Root in WEB WEY BBE NIV)

John 5:2 Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches.
(KJV BBE WBS)

Acts 16:19 But when her masters saw that the hope of their gain was gone, they seized Paul and Silas, and dragged them into the marketplace before the rulers.
(Root in WEB KJV ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Acts 17:17 So he reasoned in the synagogue with the Jews and the devout persons, and in the marketplace every day with those who met him.
(Root in WEB KJV WEY ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

Acts 28:15 From there the brothers, when they heard of us, came to meet us as far as The Market of Appius and The Three Taverns. When Paul saw them, he thanked God, and took courage.
(WEB WEY ASV NAS)

1 Corinthians 10:25 Anything that is for sale in the meat market, eat, and ask no questions for conscience' sake;
(WEY BBE WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)

1 Kings 20:34 And Ben-hadad said unto him: 'The cities which my father took from thy father I will restore; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria.' 'And I ,said Ahab, will let thee go with this covenant.' So he made a covenant with him, and let him go.
(See NIV)

Psalms 55:11 Destructive forces are within her. Threats and lies don't depart from her streets.
(See RSV)

Proverbs 7:12 Now she is in the street, now in the open spaces, waiting at every turning of the road.
(See RSV)

Isaiah 23:3 On great waters, the seed of the Shihor, the harvest of the Nile, was her revenue. She was the market of nations.
(WEB DBY NAS NIV)

Ezekiel 27:13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market.
(KJV WBS)

Ezekiel 27:15 The men of Dedan were your traffickers; many islands were the market of your hand: they brought you in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.
(WEB NAS RSV)

Ezekiel 27:17 Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.
(KJV WBS)

Ezekiel 27:19 Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market.
(KJV DBY WBS)

Ezekiel 27:25 The ships of Tarshish did sing of thee in thy market: and thou wast replenished, and made very glorious in the midst of the seas.
(KJV WBS)

Amos 8:5 Saying,'When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? And the Sabbath, that we may market wheat, making the ephah small, and the shekel large, and dealing falsely with balances of deceit;
(WEB BBE NAS NIV)

Zephaniah 1:11 Wail, you inhabitants of Maktesh, for all the people of Canaan are undone! All those who were loaded with silver are cut off.
(See NIV)

Subtopics

Consisted of Horses, Horsemen, Horns, Ivory, and Ebony, Emeralds, Purple, Embroidered Wares, Linen

Market

Market Of Appius

Market: Judgment Seat At

Related Terms

Market-place (7 Occurrences)

Market-places (4 Occurrences)

Meat-market (1 Occurrence)

Sheep-market (1 Occurrence)

Mart (2 Occurrences)

Marketplace (8 Occurrences)