Deuteronomy 19:10
New International Version
Do this so that innocent blood will not be shed in your land, which the LORD your God is giving you as your inheritance, and so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed.

New Living Translation
That way you will prevent the death of innocent people in the land the LORD your God is giving you as your special possession. You will not be held responsible for the death of innocent people.

English Standard Version
lest innocent blood be shed in your land that the LORD your God is giving you for an inheritance, and so the guilt of bloodshed be upon you.

Berean Standard Bible
Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed.

King James Bible
That innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

New King James Version
lest innocent blood be shed in the midst of your land which the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and thus guilt of bloodshed be upon you.

New American Standard Bible
So innocent blood will not be shed in the midst of your land which the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and guilt for bloodshed will not be on you.

NASB 1995
“So innocent blood will not be shed in the midst of your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance, and bloodguiltiness be on you.

NASB 1977
“So innocent blood will not be shed in the midst of your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance, and bloodguiltiness be on you.

Legacy Standard Bible
So innocent blood will not be shed in the midst of your land which Yahweh your God gives you as an inheritance, and bloodguiltiness be on you.

Amplified Bible
so that innocent blood will not be shed [by blood avengers] in your land which the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and blood guilt will not be on you [for the death of an innocent man].

Christian Standard Bible
In this way, innocent blood will not be shed, and you will not become guilty of bloodshed in the land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
In this way, innocent blood will not be shed, and you will not become guilty of bloodshed in the land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance.

American Standard Version
that innocent blood be not shed in the midst of thy land, which Jehovah thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

Contemporary English Version
You will need them, so innocent people won't be killed on your land while they are trying to reach a Safe Town that is too far away. You will be guilty of murder, if innocent people lose their lives because you didn't name enough Safe Towns in the land the LORD your God will give you.

English Revised Version
that innocent blood be not shed in the midst of thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
That way, innocent people won't be killed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you, and you won't be guilty of murder.

Good News Translation
Do this, so that innocent people will not die and so that you will not be guilty of putting them to death in the land that the LORD is giving you.

International Standard Version
You must not shed innocent blood on your land that the LORD your God is about to give you as an inheritance. Otherwise, you'll be guilty of murder."

Majority Standard Bible
Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed.

NET Bible
You must not shed innocent blood in your land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, for that would make you guilty.

New Heart English Bible
that innocent blood not be shed in the midst of your land, which the LORD your God gives you for an inheritance, and so blood be on you.

Webster's Bible Translation
That innocent blood may not be shed in thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

World English Bible
This is so that innocent blood will not be shed in the middle of your land which Yahweh your God gives you for an inheritance, leaving blood guilt on you.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and [do this] lest innocent blood is shed in the midst of your land which your God YHWH is giving to you [for] an inheritance, and there has been blood on you.

Young's Literal Translation
and innocent blood is not shed in the midst of thy land which Jehovah thy God is giving to thee -- an inheritance, and there hath been upon thee blood.

Smith's Literal Translation
And innocent blood shall not be poured out in the midst of thy land which Jehovah thy God gave to thee an inheritance, and bloods were upon thee.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
That innocent blood may not be shed in the midst of the land which the Lord thy God will give thee to possess, lest thou be guilty of blood.

Catholic Public Domain Version
So may innocent blood not be shed in the midst of the land which the Lord your God will give you to possess, lest you be guilty of blood.

New American Bible
Thus, in the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you as a heritage, innocent blood will not be shed and you will not become guilty of bloodshed.

New Revised Standard Version
so that the blood of an innocent person may not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, thereby bringing bloodguilt upon you.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
That innocent blood may not be shed in the land which the LORD your God gives you, and that the guilt of innocent blood not be upon you.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
That you would not shed innocent blood within your land that LORD JEHOVAH your God gives to you, and blood would be accounted upon you.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
that innocent blood be not shed in the midst of thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
So innocent blood shall not be spilt in the land, which the Lord thy God gives thee to inherit, and there shall not be in thee one guilty of blood.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Cities of Refuge
9and if you carefully keep all these commandments I am giving you today, loving the LORD your God and walking in His ways at all times, then you are to add three more cities to these three. 10Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed. 11If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities,…

Cross References
Numbers 35:33-34
Do not pollute the land where you live, for bloodshed pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land on which the blood is shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it. / Do not defile the land where you live and where I dwell. For I, the LORD, dwell among the Israelites.”

Joshua 20:3-9
so that anyone who kills another unintentionally or accidentally may flee there. These will be your refuge from the avenger of blood. / When someone flees to one of these cities, stands at the entrance of the city gate, and states his case before its elders, they are to bring him into the city and give him a place to live among them. / Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice. ...

Exodus 20:13
You shall not murder.

Genesis 9:6
Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man his blood will be shed; for in His own image God has made mankind.

Leviticus 24:17
And if a man takes the life of anyone else, he must surely be put to death.

Matthew 5:21-22
You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ / But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.

Romans 13:9
The commandments “Do not commit adultery,” “Do not murder,” “Do not steal,” “Do not covet,” and any other commandments, are summed up in this one decree: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”

Proverbs 6:16-17
There are six things that the LORD hates, seven that are detestable to Him: / haughty eyes, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood,

Ezekiel 18:10-13
Now suppose that man has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these things, / though the father has done none of them: Indeed, the son eats at the mountain and defiles his neighbor’s wife. / He oppresses the poor and needy; he commits robbery and does not restore a pledge. He lifts his eyes to idols; he commits abominations. ...

1 John 3:15
Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that eternal life does not reside in a murderer.

Acts 7:52
Which of the prophets did your fathers fail to persecute? They even killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One. And now you are His betrayers and murderers—

Hebrews 12:24
to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.

Isaiah 59:7
Their feet run to evil; they are swift to shed innocent blood. Their thoughts are sinful thoughts; ruin and destruction lie in their wake.

Jeremiah 7:6
if you no longer oppress the foreigner and the fatherless and the widow, and if you no longer shed innocent blood in this place or follow other gods to your own harm,

2 Kings 21:16
Moreover, Manasseh shed so much innocent blood that he filled Jerusalem from end to end, in addition to the sin that he had caused Judah to commit, doing evil in the sight of the LORD.


Treasury of Scripture

That innocent blood be not shed in your land, which the LORD your God gives you for an inheritance, and so blood be on you.

Deuteronomy 19:13
Thine eye shall not pity him, but thou shalt put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with thee.

Deuteronomy 21:8
Be merciful, O LORD, unto thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israel's charge. And the blood shall be forgiven them.

1 Kings 2:31
And the king said unto him, Do as he hath said, and fall upon him, and bury him; that thou mayest take away the innocent blood, which Joab shed, from me, and from the house of my father.

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Deuteronomy 19
1. The cities of refuge
4. The privilege thereof for the manslayer
14. The landmark is not to be removed
15. At least two witnesses are required
16. the punishment of a false witness














Thus innocent blood
The phrase "innocent blood" in Hebrew is "dam naki," which refers to the blood of those who have not committed a crime deserving of death. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the shedding of innocent blood was a grave offense, as it violated the sanctity of life, a principle deeply embedded in the Mosaic Law. The protection of innocent life is a reflection of God's justice and righteousness, emphasizing the value He places on human life.

will not be shed
The Hebrew verb "shaphak" means "to pour out" or "to shed." This term is often used in the context of bloodshed, indicating a violent or unjust act. The prohibition against shedding innocent blood underscores the importance of justice and the need for a legal system that protects the innocent. It reflects God's desire for His people to live in a society where justice prevails and where life is respected and preserved.

in your land
The phrase "in your land" refers to the Promised Land, which God was giving to the Israelites as their inheritance. This land was not just a physical territory but a place where God's laws and principles were to be upheld. The land was to be a reflection of God's kingdom on earth, where His people lived according to His statutes and commandments. The sanctity of the land was tied to the behavior of its inhabitants, and the shedding of innocent blood would defile it.

which the LORD your God is giving you
This phrase highlights the divine origin of the Israelites' possession of the land. It was a gift from the LORD, their covenant God, who had chosen them as His people. The land was not just a piece of real estate but a sacred trust, a place where they were to live out their covenant relationship with God. The giving of the land was an act of grace, and with it came the responsibility to uphold God's laws and maintain justice.

as an inheritance
The term "inheritance" in Hebrew is "nachalah," which signifies a permanent possession passed down through generations. This concept of inheritance is deeply rooted in the covenantal promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The land was a tangible sign of God's faithfulness and a reminder of His promises. It was to be cherished and protected, and the shedding of innocent blood would jeopardize this divine inheritance.

and you will not be guilty of bloodshed
The phrase "guilty of bloodshed" indicates the moral and legal culpability that comes with the unjust taking of life. In the Hebrew context, bloodshed brought defilement and required atonement. The community was responsible for ensuring that justice was served and that the innocent were protected. This responsibility was not just legal but spiritual, as it reflected the character of God and His desire for a just and righteous society.

Verse 10. - The design of appointing these cities was to prevent the shedding of innocent blood, which would be the case were the unintentional manslayer killed in revenge by one of the relatives of the man he had slain; in this case the guilt of bloodshed would rest upon the nation if they neglected to provide for the escape of the manslayer.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Thus innocent
נָקִ֔י (nā·qî)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 5355: Clean, free from, exempt

blood
דָּ֣ם (dām)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed

will not
וְלֹ֤א (wə·lō)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

be shed
יִשָּׁפֵךְ֙ (yiš·šā·p̄êḵ)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8210: To spill forth, to expend, to sprawl out

in
בְּקֶ֣רֶב (bə·qe·reḇ)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7130: The nearest part, the center

the land
אַרְצְךָ֔ (’ar·ṣə·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 776: Earth, land

the LORD
יְהוָ֣ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

your God
אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ (’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

is giving
נֹתֵ֥ן (nō·ṯên)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

you as an inheritance,
נַחֲלָ֑ה (na·ḥă·lāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5159: Something inherited, occupancy, an heirloom, an estate, patrimony, portion

so that you will not be
וְהָיָ֥ה (wə·hā·yāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

guilty of bloodshed.
דָּמִֽים׃ (dā·mîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1818: Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 19:10 That innocent blood not be shed (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 19:9
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