1 Chronicles 8:12
New International Version
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod with its surrounding villages),

New Living Translation
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built the towns of Ono and Lod and their nearby villages),

English Standard Version
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod with its towns,

Berean Standard Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod with its villages),

King James Bible
The sons of Elpaal; Eber, and Misham, and Shamed, who built Ono, and Lod, with the towns thereof:

New King James Version
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod with its towns;

New American Standard Bible
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;

NASB 1995
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;

NASB 1977
And the sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;

Legacy Standard Bible
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;

Amplified Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;

Christian Standard Bible
Elpaal’s sons: Eber, Misham, and Shemed who built Ono and Lod and its surrounding villages,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Elpaal’s sons: Eber, Misham, and Shemed who built Ono and Lod and its villages,

American Standard Version
And the sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with the towns thereof;

Contemporary English Version
Elpaal was the father of Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who settled the towns of Ono and Lod, as well as the nearby villages.

English Revised Version
And the sons of Elpaal; Eber, and Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with the towns thereof:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Elpaal's sons were Eber, Misham, and Shemed (who built Ono, Lod, and Lod's villages).

Good News Translation
Elpaal had three sons: Eber, Misham, and Shemed. It was Shemed who built the cities of Ono and Lod and the surrounding villages.

International Standard Version
Elpaal's descendants included Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod, along with its towns),

Majority Standard Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod with its villages),

NET Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod, as well as its surrounding towns),

New Heart English Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misham, and Shemer (who built Ono and Lod, with its towns),

Webster's Bible Translation
The sons of Elpaal; Eber, and Misham, and Shamed, who built Ono, and Lod, with its town:

World English Bible
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod, with its towns;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misheam, and Shamer (he built Ono and Lod and its small towns),

Young's Literal Translation
And sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misheam, and Shamer, (he built Ono and Lod and its small towns),

Smith's Literal Translation
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misham, and Shamei, he built Ono and Lod, and her daughters.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the sons of Elphaal were Heber, and Misaam, and Samad: who built One, and Led, and its daughters.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the sons of Elpaal were Eber, and Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod and its daughters.

New American Bible
The sons of Elpaal were Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod with its nearby towns),

New Revised Standard Version
The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono and Lod with its towns,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Zebiah, and Malcom, and Manasseh, Seriah, Jarmanah, and Zebaz;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the sons of Eliphleg: Ubir and Mashlam and Shamir, and he built Iyu and Lud and its villages.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the sons of Elpaal: Eber, and Misham, and Shemed, who built Ono, and Lod, with the towns thereof;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the sons of Alphaal; Obed, Misaal, Semmer: he built Ona, and Lod, and its towns:

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Genealogy from Benjamin to Saul
11He also had sons by Hushim: Abitub and Elpaal. 12The sons of Elpaal: Eber, Misham, Shemed (who built Ono and Lod with its villages), 13and Beriah and Shema (who were the heads of families of the inhabitants of Aijalon and who drove out the inhabitants of Gath).…

Cross References
Nehemiah 11:33-35
Hazor, Ramah, Gittaim, / Hadid, Zeboim, Neballat, / Lod, and Ono; and in the Valley of the Craftsmen.

Joshua 18:21-28
These were the cities of the clans of the tribe of Benjamin: Jericho, Beth-hoglah, Emek-keziz, / Beth-arabah, Zemaraim, Bethel, / Avvim, Parah, Ophrah, ...

1 Chronicles 9:35-44
Jeiel the father of Gibeon lived in Gibeon. His wife’s name was Maacah. / Abdon was his firstborn son, then Zur, Kish, Baal, Ner, Nadab, / Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth. ...

1 Chronicles 7:6-12
The three sons of Benjamin: Bela, Becher, and Jediael. / The sons of Bela: Ezbon, Uzzi, Uzziel, Jerimoth, and Iri, heads of their families—five in all. There were 22,034 mighty men of valor listed in their genealogies. / The sons of Becher: Zemirah, Joash, Eliezer, Elioenai, Omri, Jeremoth, Abijah, Anathoth, and Alemeth; all these were Becher’s sons. ...

1 Chronicles 9:3-9
Some of the descendants of Judah, Benjamin, Ephraim, and Manasseh lived in Jerusalem: / Uthai son of Ammihud, the son of Omri, the son of Imri, the son of Bani, a descendant of Perez son of Judah. / From the Shilonites: Asaiah the firstborn and his sons. ...

1 Chronicles 7:14-19
The descendants of Manasseh: Asriel through his Aramean concubine. She also gave birth to Machir the father of Gilead. / Machir took a wife from among the Huppites and Shuppites. The name of his sister was Maacah. Another descendant was named Zelophehad, who had only daughters. / Machir’s wife Maacah gave birth to a son, and she named him Peresh. His brother was named Sheresh, and his sons were Ulam and Rekem. ...

1 Chronicles 7:20-29
The descendants of Ephraim: Shuthelah, Bered his son, Tahath his son, Eleadah his son, Tahath his son, / Zabad his son, and Shuthelah his son. Ezer and Elead were killed by the natives of Gath, because they went down to steal their livestock. / Their father Ephraim mourned for many days, and his relatives came to comfort him. ...

1 Chronicles 6:54-81
Now these were the territories assigned to the descendants of Aaron from the Kohathite clan for their settlements, because the first lot fell to them: / They were given Hebron in the land of Judah and its surrounding pasturelands. / But the fields and villages around the city were given to Caleb son of Jephunneh. ...

1 Chronicles 5:11-17
The descendants of Gad lived next to the Reubenites in the land of Bashan, as far as Salecah: / Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan. / Their kinsmen by families were Michael, Meshullam, Sheba, Jorai, Jacan, Zia, and Eber—seven in all. ...

1 Chronicles 2:1-2
These were the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, / Dan, Joseph, Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.

1 Chronicles 2:21-23
Later, Hezron slept with the daughter of Machir the father of Gilead. He had married her when he was sixty years old, and she bore to him Segub. / Segub was the father of Jair, who had twenty-three cities in the land of Gilead. / But Geshur and Aram captured Havvoth-jair, along with Kenath and its sixty surrounding villages. All these were descendants of Machir the father of Gilead.

1 Chronicles 2:42-55
The sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel: Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph, and Mareshah his second son, who was the father of Hebron. / The sons of Hebron: Korah, Tappuah, Rekem, and Shema. / Shema was the father of Raham the father of Jorkeam, and Rekem was the father of Shammai. ...

1 Chronicles 4:24-27
The descendants of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul. / The sons of Shaul: Shallum, Mibsam, and Mishma. / The sons of Mishma: Hammuel, Zaccur, and Shimei. ...

1 Chronicles 4:34-43
Meshobab, Jamlech, Joshah son of Amaziah, / Joel, Jehu son of Joshibiah (son of Seraiah, son of Asiel), / Elioenai, Jaakobah, Jeshohaiah, Asaiah, Adiel, Jesimiel, Benaiah, ...

1 Chronicles 5:23-26
Now the people of the half-tribe of Manasseh were numerous. They settled in the land from Bashan to Baal-hermon (that is, Senir, also known as Mount Hermon). / These were the heads of their families: Epher, Ishi, Eliel, Azriel, Jeremiah, Hodaviah, and Jahdiel. They were mighty men of valor, famous men, and heads of their families. / But they were unfaithful to the God of their fathers, and they prostituted themselves with the gods of the peoples of the land, whom God had destroyed before them. ...


Treasury of Scripture

The sons of Elpaal; Eber, and Misham, and Shamed, who built Ono, and Lod, with the towns thereof:

Ezra 2:33
The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred twenty and five.

Nehemiah 6:2
That Sanballat and Geshem sent unto me, saying, Come, let us meet together in some one of the villages in the plain of Ono. But they thought to do me mischief.

Nehemiah 7:37
The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred twenty and one.

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Builder Built Daughter-Towns Dependent Eber Elpaal Elpa'al Lod Ono Shamed Shamer Shemer Small Surrounding Thereof Towns Villages
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Builder Built Daughter-Towns Dependent Eber Elpaal Elpa'al Lod Ono Shamed Shamer Shemer Small Surrounding Thereof Towns Villages
1 Chronicles 8
1. The sons and chief men of Benjamin
33. The stock of Saul and Jonathan














The sons of Elpaal
This phrase introduces us to the descendants of Elpaal, a member of the tribe of Benjamin. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to establish the historical and familial context of the tribes of Israel. Elpaal's lineage is significant as it connects to the broader narrative of Israel's history and God's covenant with His people. The Hebrew root for "sons" (בָּנִים, banim) often implies not just biological offspring but also descendants who carry on the family legacy and responsibilities.

Eber
The name Eber is significant in biblical genealogies, often associated with the ancestors of the Hebrew people. The name itself means "beyond" or "the other side," possibly indicating a crossing over or transition, which can be seen as a metaphor for faith and the journey of God's people. Eber's mention here ties the Benjamite lineage to the broader narrative of Israel's history.

Misham
Little is known about Misham outside of this genealogical record, but his inclusion signifies the importance of every individual in the unfolding account of God's people. Each name in these genealogies represents a link in the chain of God's redemptive plan, reminding us that every person has a role in the divine narrative.

Shemed
Shemed is noted for his role in building, which suggests leadership and initiative. The act of building in the biblical context often symbolizes establishing a legacy or creating a place for God's people to dwell. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God as the ultimate builder, who establishes His kingdom through His people.

who built Ono and Lod with its villages
This phrase highlights the accomplishments of Shemed, who is credited with building Ono and Lod. These locations are historically significant; Ono and Lod were towns in the territory of Benjamin. The act of building these towns indicates a period of settlement and development for the tribe. Archaeological evidence suggests that these areas were strategically important, serving as centers of trade and defense. The mention of "villages" (חֲצֵרִים, chatserim) implies a network of communities, emphasizing the growth and expansion of the tribe. This reflects the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham to make his descendants numerous and prosperous, showcasing God's faithfulness in establishing His people in the land.

(12) Shamer, or Shemer, occurred in 1Chronicles 7:34 as a clan of Asher.

Who built.Ono and Lod. . . .--Literally, he built Ono and Lod and her daughters. The clause is a parenthesis referring to Shemer.

Ono, now Kefr Auna, recurs in Ezra 2:33, Nehemiah 7:37; Nehemiah 11:35, but is not found elsewhere in the Old Testament. It is always coupled with Lod, and must have been near it.

Lod, the Lydda of Acts 9:32, is now the village of Ludd, north of Ramleh, between Jaffa and Jerusalem. . . .

Verses 12-28. - One of the sons of this last-named wife, Hushim, was named Elpaal. From ver. 12 to ver. 28 we have a numerous list of his descendants, evidently in different degrees of relationship, but with the thread picked up apparently several times, in the persons of the first-mentioned "sons," viz. the five, Eber, Misham, Shamed, Beriah, Shema (see vers. 16, 18, 21, 25, 27). Verse 12. - Ono and Lod. These places are not mentioned in Joshua as originally assigned to Benjamin. They were obtained or "built" afterwards. They are first mentioned in this passage, afterwards in Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 6:2; Nehemiah 7:37; Nehemiah 11:36. Led is, with little doubt, the Lydda of Acts 9:32.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The sons
וּבְנֵ֣י (ū·ḇə·nê)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Elpaal:
אֶלְפַּ֔עַל (’el·pa·‘al)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 508: Elpaal -- perhaps 'God of doing', a Benjamite

Eber,
עֵ֥בֶר (‘ê·ḇer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5677: Eber -- 'region beyond', a descendant of Shem, also the name of several Israelites

Misham,
וּמִשְׁעָ֖ם (ū·miš·‘ām)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4936: Misham -- a Benjamite

Shemed
וָשָׁ֑מֶד (wā·šā·meḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8106: Shemer -- three Israelites

(who
ה֚וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

built
בָּנָ֣ה (bā·nāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1129: To build

Ono
אוֹנ֔וֹ (’ō·w·nōw)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 207: Ono -- 'vigorous', a city in Benjamin

and Lod
לֹ֖ד (lōḏ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3850: Lod -- a city in Benjamin near Joppa

with its villages),
וּבְנֹתֶֽיהָ׃ (ū·ḇə·nō·ṯe·hā)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine plural construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 8:12 The sons of Elpaal: Eber and Misham (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
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