Topical Bible: The Edomites: Predictions Respecting: The King of Babylon an Instrument of Their Punishment

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Topical Encyclopedia

The Edomites, descendants of Esau, have a significant presence in biblical history, often depicted as adversaries of Israel. Throughout the Scriptures, various prophecies predict their downfall and punishment, with the King of Babylon being identified as a key instrument in executing divine judgment upon them.

Biblical Background

The Edomites, residing in the region south of the Dead Sea, were closely related to the Israelites, yet their relationship was marked by persistent hostility. This enmity is rooted in the familial conflict between Esau and Jacob, which extended to their descendants. The Edomites' refusal to allow the Israelites passage through their land during the Exodus (Numbers 20:14-21) and their participation in the destruction of Jerusalem (Psalm 137:7) are notable examples of their antagonism.

Prophetic Pronouncements

The prophets of the Old Testament frequently spoke of Edom's impending judgment. Among these prophecies, the role of the King of Babylon as an instrument of divine retribution is particularly emphasized.

1. Jeremiah's Prophecy: In Jeremiah 27:2-6, the prophet conveys God's message that Nebuchadnezzar, the King of Babylon, is appointed as His servant to bring judgment upon various nations, including Edom. The passage states, "Now I have given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, My servant, and I have even given him the beasts of the field to serve him" . This indicates that Babylon's conquests were part of God's sovereign plan to discipline nations like Edom.

2. Ezekiel's Oracle: Ezekiel 25:12-14 further elaborates on Edom's fate, declaring that God will stretch out His hand against Edom and deliver them to the people of the East. While the text does not explicitly mention Babylon, the context of Babylonian dominance during Ezekiel's time suggests their involvement. The prophecy reads, "I will lay My vengeance upon Edom by the hand of My people Israel. Therefore, they will act in Edom according to My anger and wrath, and they will know My vengeance, declares the Lord GOD" .

3. Isaiah's Vision: Isaiah 34:5-6 portrays a vivid picture of divine judgment against Edom, symbolizing God's wrath against all nations that oppose His people. While the King of Babylon is not directly mentioned, the broader context of Babylonian power during Isaiah's era implies their role in executing God's judgment. The passage states, "For My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens; behold, it will descend in judgment upon Edom, upon the people I have devoted to destruction" .

Historical Fulfillment

The historical fulfillment of these prophecies is seen in the Babylonian campaigns that devastated the region, including Edom. The Babylonian Empire, under Nebuchadnezzar, expanded its territory and subdued many nations, aligning with the biblical portrayal of Babylon as an instrument of divine judgment.

Theological Implications

The use of the King of Babylon as an instrument of punishment against Edom underscores the sovereignty of God in history. It illustrates how God can employ even pagan nations to accomplish His purposes and execute justice. This theme resonates throughout the Scriptures, affirming God's control over the rise and fall of nations and His commitment to uphold His covenant with Israel.

In summary, the biblical narrative presents the King of Babylon as a divinely appointed agent of judgment against the Edomites, fulfilling prophetic declarations and demonstrating God's sovereign orchestration of historical events.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Jeremiah 27:3-6
And send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the Ammonites, and to the king of Tyrus, and to the king of Zidon, by the hand of the messengers which come to Jerusalem to Zedekiah king of Judah;
Torrey's Topical Textbook