The Tabernacle, as described in the Book of Exodus, served as the portable earthly dwelling place of Yahweh among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness. Central to its construction were the Tabernacle curtains, which played a crucial role in its design and function. These curtains were not merely decorative but held significant theological and symbolic meaning.

Materials and Construction

The instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle and its curtains are detailed in Exodus 26. The curtains were made from fine twisted linen and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with cherubim skillfully woven into them. Exodus 26:1 states, "You are to construct the Tabernacle itself with ten curtains of finely spun linen, with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with cherubim skillfully worked into them." These materials were not only valuable but also symbolized purity, royalty, and divinity.

The curtains were divided into two sets: the inner curtains, which formed the Tabernacle itself, and the outer coverings, which provided protection. The inner curtains were ten in number, each measuring twenty-eight cubits long and four cubits wide. They were joined together in sets of five, creating two large curtains that were then connected by fifty gold clasps.

Symbolism and Function

The Tabernacle curtains served multiple purposes. Primarily, they acted as a barrier, separating the sacred space of the Tabernacle from the outside world. The inner veil, in particular, separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, where the Ark of the Covenant was kept. This veil symbolized the separation between God and humanity due to sin, a theme echoed throughout Scripture.

The cherubim woven into the curtains were significant as well. Cherubim are often associated with the presence of God, as seen in Genesis 3:24, where they guard the way to the Tree of Life. Their presence on the curtains underscored the holiness of the space within and the divine protection over the Tabernacle.

Theological Implications

The Tabernacle curtains also foreshadowed the coming of Christ and the new covenant. In the New Testament, the tearing of the temple veil at the moment of Jesus' death (Matthew 27:51) signifies the removal of the barrier between God and humanity, granting believers direct access to God through Christ. Hebrews 10:19-20 reflects on this, stating, "Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way opened for us through the curtain of His body."

Practical Considerations

The construction and maintenance of the Tabernacle curtains required skilled craftsmanship and significant resources, reflecting the importance of worship and the reverence due to God. The Israelites' willingness to contribute materials and labor for the Tabernacle's construction demonstrated their devotion and obedience to God's commands.

In summary, the Tabernacle curtains were integral to the structure and function of the Tabernacle, rich in symbolism and theological significance. They represented the holiness of God, the separation caused by sin, and the promise of reconciliation through Christ.